我需要在SQL Server数据库中删除一个高度引用的表。我如何才能得到所有外键约束的列表,我将需要删除以便删除表?

(SQL比在管理工作室的GUI中点击更可取)


当前回答

最初的问题要求将所有外键的列表放入一个高度引用的表中,以便可以删除表。

这个小查询返回将所有外键放入特定表所需的“drop foreign key”命令:

SELECT 
   'ALTER TABLE ['+sch.name+'].['+referencingTable.Name+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+foreignKey.name+']' '[DropCommand]'
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fk
    JOIN sys.tables referencingTable ON fk.parent_object_id = referencingTable.object_id
    JOIN sys.schemas sch ON referencingTable.schema_id = sch.schema_id
    JOIN sys.objects foreignKey ON foreignKey.object_id = fk.constraint_object_id
    JOIN sys.tables referencedTable ON fk.referenced_object_id = referencedTable.object_id
WHERE referencedTable.name = 'MyTableName'

示例输出:

[DropCommand]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[OtherTable1] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_OtherTable1_MyTable]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[OtherTable2] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_OtherTable2_MyTable]

省略where -子句以获取当前数据库中所有外键的删除命令。

其他回答

也试一试。

EXEC sp_fkeys 'tableName', 'schemaName'

使用sp_fkeys,不仅可以通过pk表名和模式过滤结果,还可以通过fk表名和模式过滤结果。链接

试试这个:

sp_help 'TableName'

你可以通过以下查询找到:

 SELECT OBJECT_NAME (FK.referenced_object_id) 'Referenced Table', 
      OBJECT_NAME(FK.parent_object_id) 'Referring Table', FK.name 'Foreign Key', 
      COL_NAME(FK.referenced_object_id, FKC.referenced_column_id) 'Referenced Column',
      COL_NAME(FK.parent_object_id,FKC.parent_column_id) 'Referring Column'
     FROM sys.foreign_keys AS FK
             INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS FKC 
                 ON FKC.constraint_object_id = FK.OBJECT_ID
     WHERE OBJECT_NAME (FK.referenced_object_id) = 'YourTableName'
     AND COL_NAME(FK.referenced_object_id, FKC.referenced_column_id) = 'YourColumnName'
     order by  OBJECT_NAME(FK.parent_object_id)
with tab_list as (
    select t.name AS Table_Name, t.object_id, s.name AS Table_Schema  from sys.tables t, sys.schemas s 
     where t.schema_id = s.schema_id
       and s.name = 'your schema') 
select IIF(col.column_id = 1, tab.TABLE_SCHEMA + '.' + tab.TABLE_NAME, NULL) Table_Name,
       col.Name AS Column_Name, IIF(col.IS_NULLABLE= 0, 'NOT NULL', '') Nullable, st.name Type,
       CASE WHEN st.name = 'decimal' THEN CONVERT(NVARCHAR(4000), col.Precision) + ',' + CONVERT(NVARCHAR(4000), col.Scale) 
            WHEN col.max_length = -1 THEN 'max'
            WHEN st.name in ('int', 'bit', 'bigint', 'datetime2') THEN NULL
       ELSE CONVERT(NVARCHAR(4000), col.max_length / 2)
       END
       AS Length,
       ss.name + '.' + stab.name Referenced_Table, scol.name Referenced_Column 
from sys.COLUMNS col  
    INNER JOIN tab_list tab ON col.object_id = tab.object_id
    INNER JOIN sys.types st ON col.system_type_id = st.system_type_id AND col.user_type_id = st.user_type_id 
    LEFT JOIN [sys].[foreign_key_columns] sfkc ON col.object_id = sfkc.parent_object_id AND col.column_id = sfkc.parent_column_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.tables stab ON sfkc.referenced_object_id = stab.object_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.columns scol ON sfkc.referenced_object_id = scol.object_id AND sfkc.referenced_column_id = scol.column_id 
    LEFT JOIN sys.schemas ss ON ss.schema_id = stab.schema_id

我将使用SQL Server Management Studio中的数据库图表功能,但既然你排除了它-这在SQL Server 2008中为我工作(没有2005)。

获取引用表和列名的列表…

select 
    t.name as TableWithForeignKey, 
    fk.constraint_column_id as FK_PartNo, c.
    name as ForeignKeyColumn 
from 
    sys.foreign_key_columns as fk
inner join 
    sys.tables as t on fk.parent_object_id = t.object_id
inner join 
    sys.columns as c on fk.parent_object_id = c.object_id and fk.parent_column_id = c.column_id
where 
    fk.referenced_object_id = (select object_id 
                               from sys.tables 
                               where name = 'TableOthersForeignKeyInto')
order by 
    TableWithForeignKey, FK_PartNo

获取外键约束的名称

select distinct name from sys.objects where object_id in 
(   select fk.constraint_object_id from sys.foreign_key_columns as fk
    where fk.referenced_object_id = 
        (select object_id from sys.tables where name = 'TableOthersForeignKeyInto')
)