SELECT
  object_name(parent_object_id),
  object_name(referenced_object_id),
  name 
FROM sys.foreign_keys
WHERE parent_object_id = object_id('Table Name')

以下是我认为在SQL Server 2016中处理这种情况的最佳实践。

你必须列出外键使用:

EXEC sp_fkeys 'TableName'

在这里你可以看到fk的全部信息。注意列FKTABLE_NAME, FKCOLUMN_NAME, FK_NAME, UPDATE_RULE, DELETE_RULE是你需要删除外键并在截断后再次实现它们的信息。

你可以组织一个脚本如下:

-- EXEC sp_fkeys 'TableName'

-- DROP CONSTRAINTS: I drop one, here drop every constraint you desire. 
BEGIN TRANSACTION
GO
ALTER TABLE dbo.TableName
    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS FK_TableName_OtherTable
GO
ALTER TABLE dbo.TableName SET (LOCK_ESCALATION = TABLE)
GO
COMMIT

-- TRUNCATE 
BEGIN TRANSACTION
TRUNCATE TABLE TableName
GO
COMMIT


-- RECREATE CONSTRAINTS: I recreate 1, here recreate every fk you desire
BEGIN TRANSACTION
GO
ALTER TABLE dbo.TableName SET (LOCK_ESCALATION = TABLE)
GO

ALTER TABLE dbo.TableName ADD CONSTRAINT
    FK_TableName_OtherTable FOREIGN KEY
    (
    Id_FK
    ) REFERENCES dbo.OtherTable
    (
    Id
    ) ON UPDATE  NO ACTION 
     ON DELETE  NO ACTION 
GO
COMMIT

** UPDATE_RULE和DELETE_RULE的值可以在sp_fkeys的文档中看到:

通过@Gishu所做的工作，我能够在SQL Server 2005中生成并使用以下SQL

SELECT t.name AS TableWithForeignKey, fk.constraint_column_id AS FK_PartNo, 
       c.name AS ForeignKeyColumn, o.name AS FK_Name 
  FROM sys.foreign_key_columns AS fk
       INNER JOIN sys.tables AS t ON fk.parent_object_id = t.object_id
       INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON fk.parent_object_id = c.object_id 
                                  AND fk.parent_column_id = c.column_id
       INNER JOIN sys.objects AS o ON fk.constraint_object_id = o.object_id
  WHERE fk.referenced_object_id = (SELECT object_id FROM sys.tables 
                                        WHERE name = 'TableOthersForeignKeyInto')
  ORDER BY TableWithForeignKey, FK_PartNo;

在一个查询中显示表，列和外键名称。

最初的问题要求将所有外键的列表放入一个高度引用的表中，以便可以删除表。

这个小查询返回将所有外键放入特定表所需的“drop foreign key”命令:

SELECT 
   'ALTER TABLE ['+sch.name+'].['+referencingTable.Name+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+foreignKey.name+']' '[DropCommand]'
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fk
    JOIN sys.tables referencingTable ON fk.parent_object_id = referencingTable.object_id
    JOIN sys.schemas sch ON referencingTable.schema_id = sch.schema_id
    JOIN sys.objects foreignKey ON foreignKey.object_id = fk.constraint_object_id
    JOIN sys.tables referencedTable ON fk.referenced_object_id = referencedTable.object_id
WHERE referencedTable.name = 'MyTableName'

示例输出:

[DropCommand]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[OtherTable1] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_OtherTable1_MyTable]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[OtherTable2] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_OtherTable2_MyTable]

省略where -子句以获取当前数据库中所有外键的删除命令。

@BankZ的最好回答

sp_help 'TableName'   

另外，对于不同的模式

sp_help 'schemaName.TableName'   

我正在使用这个脚本来查找与外键相关的所有细节。 我正在使用INFORMATION.SCHEMA。 下面是一个SQL脚本:

SELECT 
    ccu.table_name AS SourceTable
    ,ccu.constraint_name AS SourceConstraint
    ,ccu.column_name AS SourceColumn
    ,kcu.table_name AS TargetTable
    ,kcu.column_name AS TargetColumn
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE ccu
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc
        ON ccu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.CONSTRAINT_NAME 
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE kcu 
        ON kcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME  
ORDER BY ccu.table_name