我需要在SQL Server数据库中删除一个高度引用的表。我如何才能得到所有外键约束的列表,我将需要删除以便删除表?

(SQL比在管理工作室的GUI中点击更可取)


当前回答

 SELECT OBJECT_NAME(fk.parent_object_id) as ReferencingTable, 
        OBJECT_NAME(fk.constraint_object_id) as [FKContraint]
  FROM sys.foreign_key_columns as fk
 WHERE fk.referenced_object_id = OBJECT_ID('ReferencedTable', 'U')

这只显示了外键约束的关系。我的数据库显然早于FK约束。一些表使用触发器来强制引用完整性,有时除了一个类似命名的列来指示关系之外什么都没有(根本没有引用完整性)。

幸运的是,我们有一个一致的命名场景,所以我能够找到引用表 观点是这样的:

SELECT OBJECT_NAME(object_id) from sys.columns where name like 'client_id'

我使用这个选择作为生成一个脚本的基础,做我需要做的事情 相关的表格。

其他回答

您还应该注意对其他对象的引用。

如果表被其他表高度引用,那么它也可能被其他对象(如视图、存储过程、函数等)高度引用。

我真的推荐GUI工具,如SSMS中的“查看依赖关系”对话框或免费工具,如ApexSQL Search,因为如果你只想用SQL来搜索其他对象的依赖关系,可能会出错。

如果SQL是唯一的选择,您可以尝试这样做。

select O.name as [Object_Name], C.text as [Object_Definition]
from sys.syscomments C
inner join sys.all_objects O ON C.id = O.object_id
where C.text like '%table_name%'

我知道这是一个很晚(非常晚)的回复,但我找到了这些简单的方法来找到所有的foreign_key_references。这是解决方案;

解决方案1:

EXEC SP_FKEYS 'MyTableName';   // It'll show you the all the information(in multiple tables) regarding to the TableName with all ForeignKey_References.

解决方案2:

EXEC SP_HELP 'MyTableName';   // It'll show all ForeignKey references in a single table.

解决方案03:

// It'll show you the Column_Name with Referenced_Table_Name

SELECT 
   COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id,fc.parent_column_id) Column_Name,
   OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id) Table_Name
FROM 
   sys.foreign_keys AS f
INNER JOIN 
   sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc 
      ON f.OBJECT_ID = fc.constraint_object_id
INNER JOIN 
   sys.tables t 
      ON t.OBJECT_ID = fc.referenced_object_id
WHERE 
   OBJECT_NAME (f.referenced_object_id) = 'MyTableName'

希望这对你有很大帮助。: -)

试试这个:

sp_help 'TableName'

我在2008年及以后一直在使用它。它类似于列出的其他一些解决方案,但字段名称是适当的大小写,以处理特定于大小写的(LatBin)排序。此外,您可以为它提供一个表名,并检索该表的信息。

-->>SPECIFY THE DESIRED DB
USE ???
GO

/*********************************************************************************************

    LIST OUT ALL PRIMARY AND FOREIGN KEY CONSTRAINTS IN A DB OR FOR A SPECIFIED TABLE

*********************************************************************************************/
DECLARE @tblName VARCHAR(255) 

/*******************/

    SET @tblName = NULL-->NULL will return all PK/FK constraints for every table in the database

/*******************/

SELECT PKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()), 
       PKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O1.schema_id)), 
       PKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O1.name), 
       PKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C1.name), 
       FKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()), 
       FKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O2.schema_id)), 
       FKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O2.name), 
       FKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C2.name), 
       -- Force the column to be non-nullable (see SQL BU 325751) 
       KEY_SEQ             = isnull(convert(smallint,K.constraint_column_id),0), 
       UPDATE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.object_id,'CnstIsUpdateCascade')  
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0 
                                        ELSE 1 
                                      END), 
       DELETE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.object_id,'CnstIsDeleteCascade')  
                                        WHEN 1 THEN 0 
                                        ELSE 1 
                                      END), 
       FK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,OBJECT_NAME(F.object_id)), 
       PK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,I.name), 
       DEFERRABILITY = CONVERT(SMALLINT,7)   -- SQL_NOT_DEFERRABLE 
FROM   sys.all_objects O1, 
       sys.all_objects O2, 
       sys.all_columns C1, 
       sys.all_columns C2, 
       sys.foreign_keys F 
       INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns K 
         ON (K.constraint_object_id = F.object_id) 
       INNER JOIN sys.indexes I 
         ON (F.referenced_object_id = I.object_id 
             AND F.key_index_id = I.index_id) 
WHERE  O1.object_id = F.referenced_object_id 
       AND O2.object_id = F.parent_object_id 
       AND C1.object_id = F.referenced_object_id 
       AND C2.object_id = F.parent_object_id 
       AND C1.column_id = K.referenced_column_id
       AND C2.column_id = K.parent_column_id
       AND (   O1.name = @tblName 
            OR O2.name = @tblName
            OR @tblName IS null)
ORDER BY PKTABLE_NAME,FKTABLE_NAME

这将获得涉及所选表的任何外键。*假设为_FIRSTABLENAME_SECONDTABLENAME格式。

 declare @tablename as varchar(MAX)
 SET @tablename = 'yourtablename'
 SELECT name
 FROM YOURDATABASE.sys.objects
 WHERE type_desc = 'FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT' and (name LIKE '%_' + @tablename + 'empdb_%' or name LIKE '%_' + @tablename )

这是更一般的形式:

 SELECT name
 FROM YOURDATABASE_PROD.sys.objects
 WHERE type_desc = 'FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT' and name LIKE '%' + @tablename + '%' and
 name NOT LIKE '[a-zA-Z0-9]' + @tablename + '%' and name NOT LIKE '%' + @tablename + '[a-zA-Z0-9]'