我如何运行异步任务<T>方法同步?

我正在学习异步/等待，遇到了需要同步调用异步方法的情况。我该怎么做呢?

异步方法:

public async Task<Customers> GetCustomers()
{
    return await Service.GetCustomersAsync();
}

正常的用法:

public async void GetCustomers()
{
    customerList = await GetCustomers();
}

我尝试使用以下方法:

Task<Customer> task = GetCustomers();
task.Wait()

Task<Customer> task = GetCustomers();
task.RunSynchronously();

Task<Customer> task = GetCustomers();
while(task.Status != TaskStatus.RanToCompletion)

我还尝试了这里的一个建议，但是当调度程序处于挂起状态时，它不起作用。

public static void WaitWithPumping(this Task task) 
{
        if (task == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(“task”);
        var nestedFrame = new DispatcherFrame();
        task.ContinueWith(_ => nestedFrame.Continue = false);
        Dispatcher.PushFrame(nestedFrame);
        task.Wait();
}

下面是调用runsynchronically时的异常和堆栈跟踪:

系统。InvalidOperationException 消息:在未绑定到委托的任务上不能调用runsynchronically。 InnerException:零来源:mscorlib 加:

          at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.InternalRunSynchronously(TaskScheduler scheduler)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.RunSynchronously()
   at MyApplication.CustomControls.Controls.MyCustomControl.CreateAvailablePanelList() in C:\Documents and Settings\...\MyApplication.CustomControls\Controls\MyCustomControl.xaml.cs:line 638
   at MyApplication.CustomControls.Controls.MyCustomControl.get_AvailablePanels() in C:\Documents and Settings\...\MyApplication.CustomControls\Controls\MyCustomControl.xaml.cs:line 233
   at MyApplication.CustomControls.Controls.MyCustomControl.<CreateOpenPanelList>b__36(DesktopPanel panel) in C:\Documents and Settings\...\MyApplication.CustomControls\Controls\MyCustomControl.xaml.cs:line 597
   at System.Collections.Generic.List`1.ForEach(Action`1 action)
   at MyApplication.CustomControls.Controls.MyCustomControl.<CreateOpenPanelList>d__3b.MoveNext() in C:\Documents and Settings\...\MyApplication.CustomControls\Controls\MyCustomControl.xaml.cs:line 625
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.<>c__DisplayClass7.<TrySetContinuationForAwait>b__1(Object state)
   at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
   at MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler)
   at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.InvokeImpl()
   at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.InvokeInSecurityContext(Object state)
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.runTryCode(Object userData)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.RuntimeHelpers.ExecuteCodeWithGuaranteedCleanup(TryCode code, CleanupCode backoutCode, Object userData)
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state)
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean ignoreSyncCtx)
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state)
   at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.Invoke()
   at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.ProcessQueue()
   at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.WndProcHook(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled)
   at MS.Win32.HwndWrapper.WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled)
   at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.DispatcherCallbackOperation(Object o)
   at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
   at MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler)
   at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.InvokeImpl(DispatcherPriority priority, TimeSpan timeout, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
   at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.SubclassWndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
   at MS.Win32.UnsafeNativeMethods.DispatchMessage(MSG& msg)
   at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrameImpl(DispatcherFrame frame)
   at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrame(DispatcherFrame frame)
   at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Run()
   at System.Windows.Application.RunDispatcher(Object ignore)
   at System.Windows.Application.RunInternal(Window window)
   at System.Windows.Application.Run(Window window)
   at System.Windows.Application.Run()
   at MyApplication.App.Main() in C:\Documents and Settings\...\MyApplication\obj\Debug\App.g.cs:line 50
   at System.AppDomain._nExecuteAssembly(RuntimeAssembly assembly, String[] args)
   at System.AppDomain.ExecuteAssembly(String assemblyFile, Evidence assemblySecurity, String[] args)
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.HostingProcess.HostProc.RunUsersAssembly()
   at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart_Context(Object state)
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean ignoreSyncCtx)
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state)
   at System.Threading.ThreadHelper.ThreadStart()

当前回答

wp8:

包装:

Task GetCustomersSynchronously()
{
    Task t = new Task(async () =>
    {
        myCustomers = await GetCustomers();
    }
    t.RunSynchronously();
}

叫它:

GetCustomersSynchronously();

2013-02-26 23:13:36

其他回答

这个答案是为任何在。net 4.5中使用WPF的人设计的。

如果你试图在GUI线程上执行Task.Run()，那么task.Wait()将无限期挂起，如果你的函数定义中没有async关键字的话。

这个扩展方法通过检查我们是否在GUI线程上解决了这个问题，如果是，就在WPF调度程序线程上运行任务。

在不可避免的情况下，例如MVVM属性或对其他不使用async/await的api的依赖，该类可以充当异步/await世界和非异步/await世界之间的粘合剂。

/// <summary>
///     Intent: runs an async/await task synchronously. Designed for use with WPF.
///     Normally, under WPF, if task.Wait() is executed on the GUI thread without async
///     in the function signature, it will hang with a threading deadlock, this class 
///     solves that problem.
/// </summary>
public static class TaskHelper
{
    public static void MyRunTaskSynchronously(this Task task)
    {
        if (MyIfWpfDispatcherThread)
        {
            var result = Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.InvokeAsync(async () => { await task; });
            result.Wait();
            if (result.Status != DispatcherOperationStatus.Completed)
            {
                throw new Exception("Error E99213. Task did not run to completion.");
            }
        }
        else
        {
            task.Wait();
            if (task.Status != TaskStatus.RanToCompletion)
            {
                throw new Exception("Error E33213. Task did not run to completion.");
            }
        }
    }

    public static T MyRunTaskSynchronously<T>(this Task<T> task)
    {       
        if (MyIfWpfDispatcherThread)
        {
            T res = default(T);
            var result = Dispatcher.CurrentDispatcher.InvokeAsync(async () => { res = await task; });
            result.Wait();
            if (result.Status != DispatcherOperationStatus.Completed)
            {
                throw new Exception("Error E89213. Task did not run to completion.");
            }
            return res;
        }
        else
        {
            T res = default(T);
            var result = Task.Run(async () => res = await task);
            result.Wait();
            if (result.Status != TaskStatus.RanToCompletion)
            {
                throw new Exception("Error E12823. Task did not run to completion.");
            }
            return res;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     If the task is running on the WPF dispatcher thread.
    /// </summary>
    public static bool MyIfWpfDispatcherThread
    {
        get
        {
            return Application.Current.Dispatcher.CheckAccess();
        }
    }
}

2014-09-12 17:41:19

为什么不创建一个这样的呼叫:

Service.GetCustomers();

这不是异步的。

2011-02-23 18:20:34

在。net 4.6中测试。它还可以避免死锁。

对于返回Task的异步方法。

Task DoSomeWork();
Task.Run(async () => await DoSomeWork()).Wait();

对于返回Task<T>的异步方法

Task<T> GetSomeValue();
var result = Task.Run(() => GetSomeValue()).Result;

编辑:

如果调用者在线程池线程中运行(或者调用者也在任务中)，在某些情况下仍然可能导致死锁。

2018-10-24 09:08:51

我发现SpinWait在这方面工作得很好。

var task = Task.Run(()=>DoSomethingAsyncronous());

if(!SpinWait.SpinUntil(()=>task.IsComplete, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30)))
{//Task didn't complete within 30 seconds, fail...
   return false;
}

return true;

上述方法不需要使用. result或. wait()。它还允许您指定一个超时，以便在任务从未完成的情况下，您不会永远卡住。

2019-02-06 22:02:41

注意一下，这种方法:

Task<Customer> task = GetCustomers();
task.Wait()

为WinRT工作。

让我解释一下:

private void TestMethod()
{
    Task<Customer> task = GetCustomers(); // call async method as sync and get task as result
    task.Wait(); // wait executing the method
    var customer = task.Result; // get's result.
    Debug.WriteLine(customer.Name); //print customer name
}
public class Customer
{
    public Customer()
    {
        new ManualResetEvent(false).WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));//wait 5 second (long term operation)
    }
    public string Name { get; set; }
}
private Task<Customer> GetCustomers()
{
    return Task.Run(() => new Customer
    {
        Name = "MyName"
    });
}

此外，这种方法只适用于Windows商店解决方案!

注意:如果你在其他异步方法中调用你的方法，这种方法是不线程安全的(根据@Servy的评论)

2012-06-20 22:10:20

我如何运行异步任务<T>方法同步?

推荐文章

最新文章

标签