- (BOOL) textViewShouldBeginEditing:(UITextView *)textView
{
    //NSLog(@"textViewShouldBeginEditing");
    if( [tvComment.text isEqualToString:@"Comment"] && [tvComment.textColor isEqual:[UIColor lightGrayColor]] ){
        tvComment.text = @"";
        tvComment.textColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    }
    return YES;
}

- (void)keyboardWillBeHidden:(NSNotification*)aNotification{
    //NSLog(@"keyboardWillBeHidden");

    //Manage comment field placeholdertext
    if(tvComment.text.length == 0){
        tvComment.textColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
        tvComment.text = @"Comment";
    }
}

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    tvComment.textColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
}

TVComment是包含问题中的textView的属性。这样就可以了。

这里还有另一种方法，它复制了UITextField占位符的轻微缩进:

将UITextField拖到UITextView的右边，这样它们的左上角就对齐了。将占位符文本添加到文本字段。

在viewDidLoad中添加:

[tView setDelegate:self];
tView.contentInset = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-8,-8,0,0);
tView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];

然后添加:

- (void)textViewDidChange:(UITextView *)textView {
    if (textView.text.length == 0) {
        textView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];            
    } else {
        textView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    }
}

这完美地模仿了UITextField的占位符，其中占位符文本一直保留到您实际键入一些内容为止。

private let placeholder = "Type here"

@IBOutlet weak var textView: UITextView! {
    didSet {
        textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
        textView.text = placeholder
        textView.selectedRange = NSRange(location: 0, length: 0)
    }
}

extension ViewController: UITextViewDelegate {

    func textViewDidChangeSelection(_ textView: UITextView) {
        // Move cursor to beginning on first tap
        if textView.text == placeholder {
            textView.selectedRange = NSRange(location: 0, length: 0)
        }
    }

    func textView(_ textView: UITextView, shouldChangeTextIn range: NSRange, replacementText text: String) -> Bool {
        if textView.text == placeholder && !text.isEmpty {
            textView.text = nil
            textView.textColor = UIColor.black
            textView.selectedRange = NSRange(location: 0, length: 0)
        }
        return true
    }

    func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
        if textView.text.isEmpty {
            textView.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
            textView.text = placeholder
        }
    }
}

基于这里已经给出的一些很好的建议，我能够将以下轻量级的、与接口生成器兼容的UITextView子类组合在一起，它是:

包括可配置的占位符文本，样式就像UITextField一样。 不需要任何额外的子视图或约束。 不需要来自ViewController的任何委托或其他行为。 不需要任何通知。 保持该文本与查看字段的文本属性的任何外部类完全分离。

欢迎提出改进建议。

编辑1:更新为重置占位符格式，如果实际文本以编程方式设置。

编辑2:现在可以以编程方式检索占位符文本颜色。

斯威夫特v5:

import UIKit
@IBDesignable class TextViewWithPlaceholder: UITextView {
    
    override var text: String! { // Ensures that the placeholder text is never returned as the field's text
        get {
            if showingPlaceholder {
                return "" // When showing the placeholder, there's no real text to return
            } else { return super.text }
        }
        set {
            if showingPlaceholder {
                removePlaceholderFormatting() // If the placeholder text is what's being changed, it's no longer the placeholder
            }
            super.text = newValue
        }
    }
    @IBInspectable var placeholderText: String = ""
    @IBInspectable var placeholderTextColor: UIColor = .placeholderText
    private var showingPlaceholder: Bool = true // Keeps track of whether the field is currently showing a placeholder
    
    override func didMoveToWindow() {
        super.didMoveToWindow()
        if text.isEmpty {
            showPlaceholderText() // Load up the placeholder text when first appearing, but not if coming back to a view where text was already entered
        }
    }
    
    override public func becomeFirstResponder() -> Bool {
        
        // If the current text is the placeholder, remove it
        if showingPlaceholder {
            text = nil
            removePlaceholderFormatting()
        }
        return super.becomeFirstResponder()
    }
    
    override public func resignFirstResponder() -> Bool {
        
        // If there's no text, put the placeholder back
        if text.isEmpty {
            showPlaceholderText()
        }
        return super.resignFirstResponder()
    }
    
    private func showPlaceholderText() {
        
        text = placeholderText
        showingPlaceholder = true
        textColor = placeholderTextColor
    }
    
    private func removePlaceholderFormatting() {
        
        showingPlaceholder = false
        textColor = nil // Put the text back to the default, unmodified color
    }
}

你能做的是在文本属性中设置文本视图的初始值，并将textColor更改为[UIColor grayColor]或类似的东西。然后，每当文本视图变为可编辑时，清除文本并显示游标，如果文本字段再次为空，则将占位符文本放回。根据需要将颜色更改为[UIColor blackColor]。

它与UITextField中的占位符功能不完全相同，但很接近。

I know there are already a lot of answers to this one, but I didn't really find any of them sufficient (at least in Swift). I needed the "placeholder" functionality of the UITextField in my UITextView (I wanted the exact behavior, including text display attributes, animations, etc, and didn't want to have to maintain this over time). I also wanted a solution that provided the same exact border as a UITextField (not an approximated one that looks sort of like it looks right now, but one that looks exactly like it and will always look exactly like it). So while I was not initially a fan of jamming an extra control into the mix, it seemed that in order to meet my goals I had to use an actual UITextField and let it do the work.

这个解决方案处理定位占位符和保持字体在两个控件之间的同步，以便占位符文本是输入到控件的文本的确切字体和位置(许多其他解决方案没有解决的问题)。

// This class is necessary to support "inset" (required to position placeholder 
// appropriately in TextView)
//
class TextField: UITextField
{
    var inset: UIEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsets(top: 0, left: 0, bottom: 0, right: 0);

    override func textRectForBounds(bounds: CGRect) -> CGRect
    {
        return UIEdgeInsetsInsetRect(bounds, inset);
    }

    override func placeholderRectForBounds(bounds: CGRect) -> CGRect
    {
        return UIEdgeInsetsInsetRect(bounds, inset);
    }
}

// This class implements a UITextView that has a UITextField behind it, where the 
// UITextField provides the border and the placeholder text functionality (so that the
// TextView looks and works like a UITextField).
//
class TextView : UITextView, UITextViewDelegate
{
    var textField = TextField();

    required init?(coder: NSCoder)
    {
        super.init(coder: coder);
    }

    override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?)
    {
        super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer);

        self.delegate = self;

        // Create a background TextField with clear (invisible) text and disabled
        self.textField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyle.RoundedRect;
        self.textField.textColor = UIColor.clearColor();
        self.textField.userInteractionEnabled = false;

        // Align the background TextView to where text appears in the TextField, so
        // that any placeholder will be in the correct position.
        self.textField.contentVerticalAlignment = UIControlContentVerticalAlignment.Top;
        self.textField.inset = UIEdgeInsets(
            top: self.textContainerInset.top,
            left: self.textContainerInset.left + self.textContainer.lineFragmentPadding,
            bottom: self.textContainerInset.bottom,
            right: self.textContainerInset.right
        );

        // The background TextField should use the same font (for the placeholder)
        self.textField.font = self.font;

        self.addSubview(textField);
        self.sendSubviewToBack(textField);
    }

    convenience init()
    {
        self.init(frame: CGRectZero, textContainer: nil)
    }

    override var font: UIFont?
    {
        didSet
        {
            // Keep the font of the TextView and background textField in sync
            self.textField.font = self.font;
        }
    }

    var placeholder: String? = nil
    {
        didSet
        {
            self.textField.placeholder = self.placeholder;
        }
    }

    override func layoutSubviews()
    {
        super.layoutSubviews()
        // Do not scroll the background textView
        self.textField.frame = CGRectMake(0, self.contentOffset.y, self.frame.width, self.frame.height);
    }

    // UITextViewDelegate - Note: If you replace delegate, your delegate must call this
    func scrollViewDidScroll(scrollView: UIScrollView)
    {
        // Do not scroll the background textView
        self.textField.frame = CGRectMake(0, self.contentOffset.y, self.frame.width, self.frame.height);
    }

    // UITextViewDelegate - Note: If you replace delegate, your delegate must call this
    func textViewDidChange(textView: UITextView)
    {
        // Updating the text in the background textView will cause the placeholder to 
        // appear/disappear (including any animations of that behavior - since the
        // textView is doing this itself).
        self.textField.text = self.text;
    }
}