我的应用程序使用UITextView。现在我想让UITextView有一个占位符,类似于你可以为UITextField设置的占位符。
如何做到这一点?
我的应用程序使用UITextView。现在我想让UITextView有一个占位符,类似于你可以为UITextField设置的占位符。
如何做到这一点?
当前回答
好吧,我的阴沟有点不同 我创建了一个小班来为你做这件事。
TextViewShader。m文件
#import "TextViewShader.h"
@implementation TextViewShader
-(id)initWithShadedTextView:(NSString *)text textViewToShade:(UITextView *)textview {
self = [super initWithFrame:textview.frame];
if (self) {
if (shadeLabel==nil)
{
shadeLabel= [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 0, textview.frame.size.width, 30)];
}
shadeLabel.text =text;// @"Enter Your Support Request";
shadeLabel.textColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
[textview setDelegate: self];
[textview addSubview:shadeLabel];
}
return self;
}
-(void)textViewDidChange:(UITextView *)textView{
if (textView.text.length==0)
{
shadeLabel.hidden=false;
}
else
{
shadeLabel.hidden=true;
}
}
@end
TextViewShader.h文件
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface TextViewShader : UIView<UITextViewDelegate>{
UILabel *shadeLabel;
}
-(id)initWithShadedTextView:(NSString *)text textViewToShade:(UITextView *)textview ;
@end
这是简单的一行代码使用(不要忘记添加#import "TextViewShader.h")
TextViewShader* shader = [[TextViewShader alloc]initWithShadedTextView:@"Enter Your Support Request" textViewToShade: youruitextviewToshade];
玩得开心!
其他回答
这个帖子已经有了很多答案,但这里是我更喜欢的版本。
它扩展了现有的UITextView类,因此很容易重用,并且它不拦截像textViewDidChange这样的事件(这可能会破坏用户的代码,如果他们已经在其他地方拦截了这些事件)。
使用我的代码(如下所示),你可以很容易地添加一个占位符到任何你的UITextViews像这样:
self.textViewComments.placeholder = @"(Enter some comments here.)";
当你设置这个新的占位符值时,它会悄悄地在你的UITextView上添加一个UILabel,然后在必要时隐藏/显示它:
好的,要做这些改变,添加一个包含以下代码的"UITextViewHelper.h"文件:
// UITextViewHelper.h
// Created by Michael Gledhill on 13/02/15.
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface UITextView (UITextViewHelper)
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString* placeholder;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel* placeholderLabel;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString* textValue;
-(void)checkIfNeedToDisplayPlaceholder;
@end
…和一个UITextViewHelper。M文件包含:
// UITextViewHelper.m
// Created by Michael Gledhill on 13/02/15.
//
// This UITextView category allows us to easily display a PlaceHolder string in our UITextView.
// The downside is that, your code needs to set the "textValue" rather than the "text" value to safely set the UITextView's text.
//
#import "UITextViewHelper.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
@implementation UITextView (UITextViewHelper)
#define UI_PLACEHOLDER_TEXT_COLOR [UIColor colorWithRed:170.0/255.0 green:170.0/255.0 blue:170.0/255.0 alpha:1.0]
@dynamic placeholder;
@dynamic placeholderLabel;
@dynamic textValue;
-(void)setTextValue:(NSString *)textValue
{
// Change the text of our UITextView, and check whether we need to display the placeholder.
self.text = textValue;
[self checkIfNeedToDisplayPlaceholder];
}
-(NSString*)textValue
{
return self.text;
}
-(void)checkIfNeedToDisplayPlaceholder
{
// If our UITextView is empty, display our Placeholder label (if we have one)
if (self.placeholderLabel == nil)
return;
self.placeholderLabel.hidden = (![self.text isEqualToString:@""]);
}
-(void)onTap
{
// When the user taps in our UITextView, we'll see if we need to remove the placeholder text.
[self checkIfNeedToDisplayPlaceholder];
// Make the onscreen keyboard appear.
[self becomeFirstResponder];
}
-(void)keyPressed:(NSNotification*)notification
{
// The user has just typed a character in our UITextView (or pressed the delete key).
// Do we need to display our Placeholder label ?
[self checkIfNeedToDisplayPlaceholder];
}
#pragma mark - Add a "placeHolder" string to the UITextView class
NSString const *kKeyPlaceHolder = @"kKeyPlaceHolder";
-(void)setPlaceholder:(NSString *)_placeholder
{
// Sets our "placeholder" text string, creates a new UILabel to contain it, and modifies our UITextView to cope with
// showing/hiding the UILabel when needed.
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, &kKeyPlaceHolder, (id)_placeholder, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
self.placeholderLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:self.frame];
self.placeholderLabel.numberOfLines = 1;
self.placeholderLabel.text = _placeholder;
self.placeholderLabel.textColor = UI_PLACEHOLDER_TEXT_COLOR;
self.placeholderLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
self.placeholderLabel.userInteractionEnabled = true;
self.placeholderLabel.font = self.font;
[self addSubview:self.placeholderLabel];
[self.placeholderLabel sizeToFit];
// Whenever the user taps within the UITextView, we'll give the textview the focus, and hide the placeholder if necessary.
[self addGestureRecognizer:[[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(onTap)]];
// Whenever the user types something in the UITextView, we'll see if we need to hide/show the placeholder label.
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector: @selector(keyPressed:) name:UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
[self checkIfNeedToDisplayPlaceholder];
}
-(NSString*)placeholder
{
// Returns our "placeholder" text string
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, &kKeyPlaceHolder);
}
#pragma mark - Add a "UILabel" to this UITextView class
NSString const *kKeyLabel = @"kKeyLabel";
-(void)setPlaceholderLabel:(UILabel *)placeholderLabel
{
// Stores our new UILabel (which contains our placeholder string)
objc_setAssociatedObject(self, &kKeyLabel, (id)placeholderLabel, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector: @selector(keyPressed:) name:UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
[self checkIfNeedToDisplayPlaceholder];
}
-(UILabel*)placeholderLabel
{
// Returns our new UILabel
return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, &kKeyLabel);
}
@end
是的,它有很多代码,但是一旦你把它添加到你的项目中,并包含了.h文件……
#import "UITextViewHelper.h"
...你可以很容易地在UITextViews中使用占位符。
不过有一个问题。
如果你这样做:
self.textViewComments.placeholder = @"(Enter some comments here.)";
self.textViewComments.text = @"Ooooh, hello there";
...占位符将出现在文本的顶部。设置文本值时,不会调用任何常规通知,因此我不知道如何调用我的函数来决定是否显示/隐藏占位符。
解决方案是设置textValue而不是text:
self.textViewComments.placeholder = @"(Enter some comments here.)";
self.textViewComments.textValue = @"Ooooh, hello there";
或者,您可以设置文本值,然后调用checkIfNeedToDisplayPlaceholder。
self.textViewComments.text = @"Ooooh, hello there";
[self.textViewComments checkIfNeedToDisplayPlaceholder];
我喜欢这样的解决方案,因为它们“填补了”苹果提供给我们的东西和我们(作为开发者)在应用程序中实际需要的东西之间的空白。只需编写一次此代码,将其添加到“helper”.m/.h文件库中,随着时间的推移,SDK实际上开始变得不那么令人沮丧。
(我写了一个类似的帮助添加一个“清除”按钮到我的UITextViews,另一个烦人的东西存在于UITextField但不在UITextView…)
在看完所有答案后,我意识到我需要一些简单的,同时可重用的东西,这样我就可以在我的项目中为所有uitextview添加相同的功能。最后我得到了以下代码:
extension UITextView {
// MARK: TextView PlaceHolderLabel Setup
func createPlaceHolderLabel(with text: String) {
let lbl = UILabel()
self.addSubview(lbl)
// Add your constraints here
lbl.text = text
lbl.textColor = .lightGray
}
// My Textview contains only one UILabel, and for my use case the below code works, tweak it according to your use case
// Lastly two methods to toggle between show and hide the placeholder label
func hidePlaceHolderLabel() {
guard let lbl = self.subviews.first(where: { $0 is UILabel }) else { return }
lbl.isHidden = true
}
func showPlaceHolderLabel() {
guard let lbl = self.subviews.first(where: { $0 is UILabel }) else { return }
lbl.isHidden = false
}
}
当UILabel作为子视图添加到UITextView时,textView游标位置和UILabel位置将不匹配,因此在占位符文本之前留下一个空间
class ViewController: UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {
var textView: UITextView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
view.addSubview(textView)
// Also setup textView constraints as per your need
// Add placeholder to your textView
// Leave one space before placeholder string
textView.createPlaceHolderLabel(with: " Address")
textView.delegate = self
}
然后在textViewdidChange方法中添加以下代码
func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
if textView.text.isEmpty {
textView.showPlaceHolderLabel()
} else {
textView.hidePlaceHolderLabel()
}
}
它可以在所有uitextview中重用。
我对bcd的解决方案做了一些小修改,以允许从Xib文件初始化、文本包装和保持背景颜色。希望它能为其他人省去麻烦。
UIPlaceHolderTextView.h:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
IB_DESIGNABLE
@interface UIPlaceHolderTextView : UITextView
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBInspectable NSString *placeholder;
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBInspectable UIColor *placeholderColor;
-(void)textChanged:(NSNotification*)notification;
@end
UIPlaceHolderTextView.m:
#import "UIPlaceHolderTextView.h"
@interface UIPlaceHolderTextView ()
@property (nonatomic, retain) UILabel *placeHolderLabel;
@end
@implementation UIPlaceHolderTextView
CGFloat const UI_PLACEHOLDER_TEXT_CHANGED_ANIMATION_DURATION = 0.25;
- (void)dealloc
{
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self];
#if __has_feature(objc_arc)
#else
[_placeHolderLabel release]; _placeHolderLabel = nil;
[_placeholderColor release]; _placeholderColor = nil;
[_placeholder release]; _placeholder = nil;
[super dealloc];
#endif
}
- (void)awakeFromNib
{
[super awakeFromNib];
// Use Interface Builder User Defined Runtime Attributes to set
// placeholder and placeholderColor in Interface Builder.
if (!self.placeholder) {
[self setPlaceholder:@""];
}
if (!self.placeholderColor) {
[self setPlaceholderColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor]];
}
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(textChanged:) name:UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
}
- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
{
if( (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) )
{
[self setPlaceholder:@""];
[self setPlaceholderColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor]];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(textChanged:) name:UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
}
return self;
}
- (void)textChanged:(NSNotification *)notification
{
if([[self placeholder] length] == 0)
{
return;
}
[UIView animateWithDuration:UI_PLACEHOLDER_TEXT_CHANGED_ANIMATION_DURATION animations:^{
if([[self text] length] == 0)
{
[[self viewWithTag:999] setAlpha:1];
}
else
{
[[self viewWithTag:999] setAlpha:0];
}
}];
}
- (void)setText:(NSString *)text {
[super setText:text];
[self textChanged:nil];
}
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
if( [[self placeholder] length] > 0 )
{
if (_placeHolderLabel == nil )
{
_placeHolderLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(8,8,self.bounds.size.width - 16,0)];
_placeHolderLabel.lineBreakMode = NSLineBreakByWordWrapping;
_placeHolderLabel.numberOfLines = 0;
_placeHolderLabel.font = self.font;
_placeHolderLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
_placeHolderLabel.textColor = self.placeholderColor;
_placeHolderLabel.alpha = 0;
_placeHolderLabel.tag = 999;
[self addSubview:_placeHolderLabel];
}
_placeHolderLabel.text = self.placeholder;
[_placeHolderLabel sizeToFit];
[self sendSubviewToBack:_placeHolderLabel];
}
if( [[self text] length] == 0 && [[self placeholder] length] > 0 )
{
[[self viewWithTag:999] setAlpha:1];
}
[super drawRect:rect];
}
@end
下面是“SAMTextView”ObjC代码的Swift端口,作为对这个问题的第一批回答之一。我在iOS 8上进行了测试。我调整了一些东西,包括占位符文本的位置的边界偏移,因为原来的位置太高,太右了(在那个帖子的一个评论中使用了建议)。
我知道有很多简单的解决方案,但我喜欢子类化UITextView的方法,因为它是可重用的,而且我不必在使用它的机制时使类变得混乱。
斯威夫特2.2:
import UIKit
class PlaceholderTextView: UITextView {
@IBInspectable var placeholderColor: UIColor = UIColor.lightGrayColor()
@IBInspectable var placeholderText: String = ""
override var font: UIFont? {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
override var contentInset: UIEdgeInsets {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
override var textAlignment: NSTextAlignment {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
override var text: String? {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
override var attributedText: NSAttributedString? {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
setUp()
}
override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
}
private func setUp() {
NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: #selector(PlaceholderTextView.textChanged(_:)),
name: UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification, object: self)
}
func textChanged(notification: NSNotification) {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
func placeholderRectForBounds(bounds: CGRect) -> CGRect {
var x = contentInset.left + 4.0
var y = contentInset.top + 9.0
let w = frame.size.width - contentInset.left - contentInset.right - 16.0
let h = frame.size.height - contentInset.top - contentInset.bottom - 16.0
if let style = self.typingAttributes[NSParagraphStyleAttributeName] as? NSParagraphStyle {
x += style.headIndent
y += style.firstLineHeadIndent
}
return CGRect(x: x, y: y, width: w, height: h)
}
override func drawRect(rect: CGRect) {
if text!.isEmpty && !placeholderText.isEmpty {
let paragraphStyle = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle.alignment = textAlignment
let attributes: [ String: AnyObject ] = [
NSFontAttributeName : font!,
NSForegroundColorAttributeName : placeholderColor,
NSParagraphStyleAttributeName : paragraphStyle]
placeholderText.drawInRect(placeholderRectForBounds(bounds), withAttributes: attributes)
}
super.drawRect(rect)
}
}
斯威夫特4.2:
import UIKit
class PlaceholderTextView: UITextView {
@IBInspectable var placeholderColor: UIColor = UIColor.lightGray
@IBInspectable var placeholderText: String = ""
override var font: UIFont? {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
override var contentInset: UIEdgeInsets {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
override var textAlignment: NSTextAlignment {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
override var text: String? {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
override var attributedText: NSAttributedString? {
didSet {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
setUp()
}
override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
}
private func setUp() {
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self,
selector: #selector(self.textChanged(notification:)),
name: Notification.Name("UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification"),
object: nil)
}
@objc func textChanged(notification: NSNotification) {
setNeedsDisplay()
}
func placeholderRectForBounds(bounds: CGRect) -> CGRect {
var x = contentInset.left + 4.0
var y = contentInset.top + 9.0
let w = frame.size.width - contentInset.left - contentInset.right - 16.0
let h = frame.size.height - contentInset.top - contentInset.bottom - 16.0
if let style = self.typingAttributes[NSAttributedString.Key.paragraphStyle] as? NSParagraphStyle {
x += style.headIndent
y += style.firstLineHeadIndent
}
return CGRect(x: x, y: y, width: w, height: h)
}
override func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
if text!.isEmpty && !placeholderText.isEmpty {
let paragraphStyle = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle.alignment = textAlignment
let attributes: [NSAttributedString.Key: Any] = [
NSAttributedString.Key(rawValue: NSAttributedString.Key.font.rawValue) : font!,
NSAttributedString.Key(rawValue: NSAttributedString.Key.foregroundColor.rawValue) : placeholderColor,
NSAttributedString.Key(rawValue: NSAttributedString.Key.paragraphStyle.rawValue) : paragraphStyle]
placeholderText.draw(in: placeholderRectForBounds(bounds: bounds), withAttributes: attributes)
}
super.draw(rect)
}
}
简单地创建UITextView的@IBDesignable子类:
@IBDesignable class AttributedTextView: UITextView {
private let placeholderLabel = UILabel()
@IBInspectable var placeholder: String = "" {
didSet {
setupPlaceholderLabelIfNeeded()
textViewDidChange()
}
}
override var text: String! {
didSet {
textViewDidChange()
}
}
//MARK: - Initialization
override func awakeFromNib() {
super.awakeFromNib()
setupPlaceholderLabelIfNeeded()
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(textViewDidChange), name: .UITextViewTextDidChange, object: nil)
}
//MARK: - Deinitialization
deinit {
NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self)
}
//MARK: - Internal
func textViewDidChange() {
placeholderLabel.isHidden = !text.isEmpty
layoutIfNeeded()
}
//MARK: - Private
private func setupPlaceholderLabelIfNeeded() {
placeholderLabel.removeFromSuperview()
placeholderLabel.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 8, width: frame.size.width, height: 0)
placeholderLabel.textColor = UIColor.lightGray
placeholderLabel.text = placeholder
placeholderLabel.sizeToFit()
insertSubview(placeholderLabel, at: 0)
}
}
然后在标识检查器中设置占位符: