这里有一个核心JavaScript函数，用于等待元素的显示(好吧，将其插入到DOM中更准确)。

// Call the below function
waitForElementToDisplay("#div1",function(){alert("Hi");},1000,9000);

function waitForElementToDisplay(selector, callback, checkFrequencyInMs, timeoutInMs) {
  var startTimeInMs = Date.now();
  (function loopSearch() {
    if (document.querySelector(selector) != null) {
      callback();
      return;
    }
    else {
      setTimeout(function () {
        if (timeoutInMs && Date.now() - startTimeInMs > timeoutInMs)
          return;
        loopSearch();
      }, checkFrequencyInMs);
    }
  })();
}

这个调用将每1000毫秒查找id="div1"的HTML标记。如果找到元素，它将显示一条警报消息Hi。如果在9000毫秒后没有找到任何元素，该函数将停止执行。

参数:

String:该函数查找元素${selector}。 callback: Function:这是一个函数，如果找到元素将被调用。 checkFrequencyInMs: Number:该函数每${checkFrequencyInMs}毫秒检查该元素是否存在。 timeoutInMs: Number:可选。该函数在${timeoutInMs}毫秒后停止查找元素。

注意:选择器的解释在https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/querySelector

我也有同样的问题，所以我继续写了一个插件。

$(选择).waitUntilExists(函数);

代码:

;(function ($, window) {

var intervals = {};
var removeListener = function(selector) {

    if (intervals[selector]) {

        window.clearInterval(intervals[selector]);
        intervals[selector] = null;
    }
};
var found = 'waitUntilExists.found';

/**
 * @function
 * @property {object} jQuery plugin which runs handler function once specified
 *           element is inserted into the DOM
 * @param {function|string} handler 
 *            A function to execute at the time when the element is inserted or 
 *            string "remove" to remove the listener from the given selector
 * @param {bool} shouldRunHandlerOnce 
 *            Optional: if true, handler is unbound after its first invocation
 * @example jQuery(selector).waitUntilExists(function);
 */

$.fn.waitUntilExists = function(handler, shouldRunHandlerOnce, isChild) {

    var selector = this.selector;
    var $this = $(selector);
    var $elements = $this.not(function() { return $(this).data(found); });

    if (handler === 'remove') {

        // Hijack and remove interval immediately if the code requests
        removeListener(selector);
    }
    else {

        // Run the handler on all found elements and mark as found
        $elements.each(handler).data(found, true);

        if (shouldRunHandlerOnce && $this.length) {

            // Element was found, implying the handler already ran for all 
            // matched elements
            removeListener(selector);
        }
        else if (!isChild) {

            // If this is a recurring search or if the target has not yet been 
            // found, create an interval to continue searching for the target
            intervals[selector] = window.setInterval(function () {

                $this.waitUntilExists(handler, shouldRunHandlerOnce, true);
            }, 500);
        }
    }

    return $this;
};

}(jQuery, window));

如果你想让它在一段时间后停止查看(超时)，那么下面的jQuery可以工作。10秒后会暂停。我需要使用这段代码而不是纯JS，因为我需要通过名称选择输入，并且在实现其他一些解决方案时遇到了麻烦。

 // Wait for element to exist.

    function imageLoaded(el, cb,time) {

        if ($(el).length) {
            // Element is now loaded.

            cb($(el));

            var imageInput =  $('input[name=product\\[image_location\\]]');
            console.log(imageInput);

        } else if(time < 10000) {
            // Repeat every 500ms.
            setTimeout(function() {
               time = time+500;

                imageLoaded(el, cb, time)
            }, 500);
        }
    };

    var time = 500;

    imageLoaded('input[name=product\\[image_location\\]]', function(el) {

     //do stuff here 

     },time);

这是一个纯Javascript函数，它允许你等待任何事情。设置更长的间隔，以占用更少的CPU资源。

/**
 * @brief Wait for something to be ready before triggering a timeout
 * @param {callback} isready Function which returns true when the thing we're waiting for has happened
 * @param {callback} success Function to call when the thing is ready
 * @param {callback} error Function to call if we time out before the event becomes ready
 * @param {int} count Number of times to retry the timeout (default 300 or 6s)
 * @param {int} interval Number of milliseconds to wait between attempts (default 20ms)
 */
function waitUntil(isready, success, error, count, interval){
    if (count === undefined) {
        count = 300;
    }
    if (interval === undefined) {
        interval = 20;
    }
    if (isready()) {
        success();
        return;
    }
    // The call back isn't ready. We need to wait for it
    setTimeout(function(){
        if (!count) {
            // We have run out of retries
            if (error !== undefined) {
                error();
            }
        } else {
            // Try again
            waitUntil(isready, success, error, count -1, interval);
        }
    }, interval);
}

要调用它，例如在jQuery中，使用如下代码:

waitUntil(function(){
    return $('#myelement').length > 0;
}, function(){
    alert("myelement now exists");
}, function(){
    alert("I'm bored. I give up.");
});

你也可以使用getElementById代替querySelector

这个函数和 https://stackoverflow.com/a/61511955/10798137

  async function waitForElementById(id, timeout = null, location = document.body) {
    return new Promise((resolve) => {
        let element = document.getElementById(id);
        if (element) {
            return resolve(element);
        }

        const observer = new MutationObserver(async () => {
            let element = document.getElementById(id);
            if (element) {
                resolve(element);
                observer.disconnect();
            } else {
                if (timeout) {
                    async function timeOver() {
                        return new Promise((resolve) => {
                            setTimeout(() => {
                                observer.disconnect();
                                resolve(false);
                            }, timeout);
                        });
                    }
                    resolve(await timeOver());
                }
            }
        });

        observer.observe(location, {
            childList: true,
            subtree: true,
        });
    });

使用它

    waitForElement("tag_id", 500).then((elm) => {
      console.log(elm)
    })

Or

    var elm = async waitForElement("tag_id", 500)

我采取@Yong Wong的解决方案，但它有一个可选的超时，你可以指定根节点从哪里你想等待元素。

完整的异步/等待。

const $ = (selector, opts) => {
  let timeout = undefined;
  let root = undefined;

  if (opts) {
    ({ root, timeout } = opts);
  }

  if (root === undefined) root = document.body;
  
  const nodeFound = root.querySelector(selector);
  if (nodeFound) return new Promise(resolve => resolve(nodeFound));

  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    let callback = () => {
      observer.disconnect();
    };

    const _resolve = (node) => {
      callback();
      resolve(node);
    };

    const _reject = (err) => {
      callback();
      reject(err);
    };

    if (timeout && timeout > 0) {
      const handle = setTimeout(() => {
        _reject(new Error("Element not found: timeout exceeded."));
      }, timeout);
      callback = () => {
        observer.disconnect();
        clearTimeout(handle);
      };
    }

    const observer = new MutationObserver(mutations => {
      for (const mutation of mutations) {
        for (const addedNode of mutation.addedNodes) {
          if (addedNode.matches(selector)) {
            _resolve(addedNode);
            return;
          }
        }
      }
    });

    observer.observe(root, {
      childList: true,
      subtree: true,
    });
  });
}

示例调用:

// wait for 10 seconds for 'div.bla-bla-bla' to appear as a child of 'div.some-container'
await $("div.bla-bla-bla", {
  timeout: 10000,
  root: document.querySelector("div.some-container") 
});