Brian Hooper: 你差不多说到点子上了，但是你的语法有个错误。你的插入永远不会起作用。我测试了我的数据库，这是正确的答案:

INSERT INTO podatki (datum,ura,meritev1,meritev1_sunki,impulzi1,meritev2,meritev2_sunki,impulzi2)
            SELECT '$datum', '$ura', '$meritve1','$sunki1','$impulzi1','$meritve2','$sunki2','$impulzi2'
                FROM dual
                WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT datum,ura
                                      FROM podatki
                                      WHERE datum='$datum' and ura='$ura'

这是y表的例子。插入几乎和Bian Hooper写的一样，除了我把select FROM DUAL ont从其他表中放出来。 向你致意，伊凡

您正在插入而不是更新结果。 您可以在主列中定义名称列或将其设置为惟一的。

我并不是建议你这样做，因为Piskvor和其他人建议的UNIQUE索引是一个更好的方法，但你实际上可以做你正在尝试的事情:

CREATE TABLE `table_listnames` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `address` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `tele` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

插入一个记录:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022') AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'Rupert'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

SELECT * FROM `table_listnames`;

+----+--------+-----------+------+
| id | name   | address   | tele |
+----+--------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert | Somewhere | 022  |
+----+--------+-----------+------+

尝试再次插入相同的记录:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022') AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'Rupert'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

+----+--------+-----------+------+
| id | name   | address   | tele |
+----+--------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert | Somewhere | 022  |
+----+--------+-----------+------+

插入一条不同的记录:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'John', 'Doe', '022') AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'John'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

SELECT * FROM `table_listnames`;

+----+--------+-----------+------+
| id | name   | address   | tele |
+----+--------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert | Somewhere | 022  |
|  2 | John   | Doe       | 022  |
+----+--------+-----------+------+

等等……

更新:

为了防止#1060 -重复列名错误，如果两个值可能相等，你必须命名内部SELECT的列:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'Unknown' AS name, 'Unknown' AS address, '022' AS tele) AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'Rupert'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

SELECT * FROM `table_listnames`;

+----+---------+-----------+------+
| id | name    | address   | tele |
+----+---------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert  | Somewhere | 022  |
|  2 | John    | Doe       | 022  |
|  3 | Unknown | Unknown   | 022  |
+----+---------+-----------+------+

这个查询可以在PHP代码中使用。

我在这个表中有一个ID列，所以我需要检查除了这个ID列之外的所有列的复制:

#need to change values
SET @goodsType = 1, @sybType=5, @deviceId = asdf12345SDFasdf2345;    


INSERT INTO `devices` (`goodsTypeId`, `goodsId`, `deviceId`) #need to change tablename and columnsnames
SELECT * FROM (SELECT @goodsType, @sybType, @deviceId) AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT 'goodsTypeId' FROM `devices` #need to change tablename and columns names
    WHERE `goodsTypeId` = @goodsType
        AND `goodsId` = @sybType
        AND `deviceId` = @deviceId
) LIMIT 1;

现在只有在SET字符串中配置的值不存在的情况下才会添加新项

为了克服类似的问题，我修改了表，使其具有唯一的列。用你的例子，在创建时，我会有这样的东西:

name VARCHAR(20),
UNIQUE (name)

然后在插入时使用以下查询:

INSERT IGNORE INTO train
set table_listnames='Rupert'

如果真的无法在表上获得唯一索引，您可以尝试…

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
    SELECT 'Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022'
        FROM some_other_table
        WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT name
                              FROM table_listnames
                              WHERE name='Rupert')
        LIMIT 1;