这段代码工作,并向我发送电子邮件就好:

import smtplib
#SERVER = "localhost"

FROM = 'monty@python.com'

TO = ["jon@mycompany.com"] # must be a list

SUBJECT = "Hello!"

TEXT = "This message was sent with Python's smtplib."

# Prepare actual message

message = """\
From: %s
To: %s
Subject: %s

%s
""" % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)

# Send the mail

server = smtplib.SMTP('myserver')
server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
server.quit()

然而,如果我试图将它包装在这样一个函数中:

def sendMail(FROM,TO,SUBJECT,TEXT,SERVER):
    import smtplib
    """this is some test documentation in the function"""
    message = """\
        From: %s
        To: %s
        Subject: %s
        %s
        """ % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)
    # Send the mail
    server = smtplib.SMTP(SERVER)
    server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
    server.quit()

我得到以下错误:

 Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Python31/mailtest1.py", line 8, in <module>
    sendmail.sendMail(sender,recipients,subject,body,server)
  File "C:/Python31\sendmail.py", line 13, in sendMail
    server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 720, in sendmail
    self.rset()
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 444, in rset
    return self.docmd("rset")
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 368, in docmd
    return self.getreply()
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 345, in getreply
    raise SMTPServerDisconnected("Connection unexpectedly closed")
smtplib.SMTPServerDisconnected: Connection unexpectedly closed

有人能告诉我为什么吗?


当前回答

有压痕问题。下面的代码将工作:

import textwrap

def sendMail(FROM,TO,SUBJECT,TEXT,SERVER):
    import smtplib
    """this is some test documentation in the function"""
    message = textwrap.dedent("""\
        From: %s
        To: %s
        Subject: %s
        %s
        """ % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT))
    # Send the mail
    server = smtplib.SMTP(SERVER)
    server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
    server.quit()

其他回答

我想通过建议yagmail包来帮助你发送电子邮件(我是维护者,抱歉广告,但我觉得它真的能帮助!)

你的整个代码将是:

import yagmail
yag = yagmail.SMTP(FROM, 'pass')
yag.send(TO, SUBJECT, TEXT)

注意,我为所有参数提供了默认值,例如,如果你想发送给自己,你可以省略to,如果你不想要一个主题,你也可以省略它。

此外,我们的目标还在于使附加html代码或图像(以及其他文件)变得非常容易。

在你放置内容的地方,你可以这样做:

contents = ['Body text, and here is an embedded image:', 'http://somedomain/image.png',
            'You can also find an audio file attached.', '/local/path/song.mp3']

哇,发送附件是多么简单啊!如果没有yagmail,这大概需要20行;)

此外,如果你设置了一次,你就永远不必再输入密码(并安全地保存密码)。在你的情况下,你可以这样做:

import yagmail
yagmail.SMTP().send(contents = contents)

这样更简洁!

我建议你看看github,或者直接用pip install yagmail安装它。

我想我应该把我的两个比特放在这里,因为我刚刚明白了它是如何工作的。

似乎你没有在你的服务器连接设置上指定端口,这影响了我一点,当我试图连接到我的SMTP服务器,没有使用默认端口:25。

根据smtplib。SMTP文档,您的ehlo或helo请求/响应应该自动处理,所以您不必担心这一点(但如果其他都失败了,可能需要确认)。

另一个问题是你是否允许在你的SMTP服务器上进行SMTP连接?对于像GMAIL和ZOHO这样的网站,你必须实际进入并激活电子邮件帐户中的IMAP连接。您的邮件服务器可能不允许SMTP连接不是来自'localhost'也许?一些值得调查的事情。

最后一件事是你可能想尝试在TLS上发起连接。现在大多数服务器都需要这种类型的身份验证。

您将看到我在电子邮件中插入了两个TO字段。msg['TO']和msg['FROM'] msg字典项允许正确的信息显示在电子邮件本身的标题中,这可以在电子邮件的接收端的TO / FROM字段中看到(你甚至可以在这里添加一个Reply TO字段)。TO和FROM字段本身就是服务器所需要的。我知道我听说过一些电子邮件服务器拒绝邮件,如果他们没有适当的电子邮件标题。

这是我使用的代码,在一个函数中,为我工作,使用我的本地计算机和远程SMTP服务器(ZOHO所示)发送*.txt文件的内容:

def emailResults(folder, filename):

    # body of the message
    doc = folder + filename + '.txt'
    with open(doc, 'r') as readText:
        msg = MIMEText(readText.read())

    # headers
    TO = 'to_user@domain.com'
    msg['To'] = TO
    FROM = 'from_user@domain.com'
    msg['From'] = FROM
    msg['Subject'] = 'email subject |' + filename

    # SMTP
    send = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.zoho.com', 587)
    send.starttls()
    send.login('from_user@domain.com', 'password')
    send.sendmail(FROM, TO, msg.as_string())
    send.quit()

我对发送电子邮件的包选项不满意,我决定制作并开源我自己的电子邮件发送器。它易于使用,并支持高级用例。

如何安装:

pip install redmail

用法:

from redmail import EmailSender
email = EmailSender(
    host="<SMTP HOST ADDRESS>",
    port=<PORT NUMBER>,
)

email.send(
    sender="me@example.com",
    receivers=["you@example.com"],
    subject="An example email",
    text="Hi, this is text body.",
    html="<h1>Hi,</h1><p>this is HTML body</p>"
)

如果您的服务器需要用户和密码,只需将user_name和密码传递给EmailSender。

我在send方法中包含了很多特性:

包含附件 将图像直接包含到HTML主体中 金贾的模板 漂亮的HTML表格开箱即用

文档: https://red-mail.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

源代码:https://github.com/Miksus/red-mail

我编写了一个简单的函数send_email(),用于使用smtplib和电子邮件包发送电子邮件(链接到我的文章)。它还使用dotenv包来加载发件人的电子邮件和密码(请不要在代码中保密!)我正在使用Gmail电子邮件服务。密码是应用程序密码(这里是谷歌文档如何生成应用程序密码)。

import os
import smtplib
from email.message import EmailMessage
from dotenv import load_dotenv
_ = load_dotenv()


def send_email(to, subject, message):
    try:
        email_address = os.environ.get("EMAIL_ADDRESS")
        email_password = os.environ.get("EMAIL_PASSWORD")

        if email_address is None or email_password is None:
            # no email address or password
            # something is not configured properly
            print("Did you set email address and password correctly?")
            return False

        # create email
        msg = EmailMessage()
        msg['Subject'] = subject
        msg['From'] = email_address
        msg['To'] = to
        msg.set_content(message)

        # send email
        with smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465) as smtp:
            smtp.login(email_address, email_password)
            smtp.send_message(msg)
        return True
    except Exception as e:
        print("Problem during send email")
        print(str(e))
    return False

以上方法对于简单的电子邮件发送是可行的。如果您正在寻找更高级的功能,例如HTML内容或附件,当然可以手工编码,但我建议使用现有的包,例如yagmail。

Gmail每天限制500封邮件。对于每天发送许多电子邮件,请考虑事务性电子邮件服务提供商,如Amazon SES, MailGun, MailJet或SendGrid。

在摆弄了很多例子之后,例如这里 这对我来说很管用:

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

# SMTP sendmail server mail relay
host = 'mail.server.com'
port = 587 # starttls not SSL 465 e.g gmail, port 25 blocked by most ISPs & AWS
sender_email = 'name@server.com'
recipient_email = 'name@domain.com'
password = 'YourSMTPServerAuthenticationPass'
subject = "Server - "
body = "Message from server"

def sendemail(host, port, sender_email, recipient_email, password, subject, body):
    try:
        p1 = f'<p><HR><BR>{recipient_email}<BR>'
        p2 = f'<h2><font color="green">{subject}</font></h2>'
        p3 = f'<p>{body}'
        p4 = f'<p>Kind Regards,<BR><BR>{sender_email}<BR><HR>'
        
        message = MIMEText((p1+p2+p3+p4), 'html')  
        # servers may not accept non RFC 5321 / RFC 5322 / compliant TXT & HTML typos

        message['From'] = f'Sender Name <{sender_email}>'
        message['To'] = f'Receiver Name <{recipient_email}>'
        message['Cc'] = f'Receiver2 Name <>'
        message['Subject'] = f'{subject}'
        msg = message.as_string()

        server = smtplib.SMTP(host, port)
        print("Connection Status: Connected")
        server.set_debuglevel(1)
        server.ehlo()
        server.starttls()
        server.ehlo()
        server.login(sender_email, password)
        print("Connection Status: Logged in")
        server.sendmail(sender_email, recipient_email, msg)
        print("Status: Email as HTML successfully sent")

    except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            print("Error: unable to send email")

# Run
sendemail(host, port, sender_email, recipient_email, password, subject, body)
print("Status: Exit")