这段代码工作，并向我发送电子邮件就好:
import smtplib
#SERVER = "localhost"
FROM = 'monty@python.com'
TO = ["jon@mycompany.com"] # must be a list
SUBJECT = "Hello!"
TEXT = "This message was sent with Python's smtplib."
# Prepare actual message
message = """\
From: %s
To: %s
Subject: %s
%s
""" % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)
# Send the mail
server = smtplib.SMTP('myserver')
server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
server.quit()
然而，如果我试图将它包装在这样一个函数中:
def sendMail(FROM,TO,SUBJECT,TEXT,SERVER):
import smtplib
"""this is some test documentation in the function"""
message = """\
From: %s
To: %s
Subject: %s
%s
""" % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)
# Send the mail
server = smtplib.SMTP(SERVER)
server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
server.quit()
我得到以下错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Python31/mailtest1.py", line 8, in <module>
sendmail.sendMail(sender,recipients,subject,body,server)
File "C:/Python31\sendmail.py", line 13, in sendMail
server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 720, in sendmail
self.rset()
File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 444, in rset
return self.docmd("rset")
File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 368, in docmd
return self.getreply()
File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 345, in getreply
raise SMTPServerDisconnected("Connection unexpectedly closed")
smtplib.SMTPServerDisconnected: Connection unexpectedly closed
有人能告诉我为什么吗?
我建议您使用标准包email和smtplib一起发送电子邮件。请看下面的例子(摘自Python文档)。注意，如果遵循这种方法，“简单”任务确实很简单，而更复杂的任务(如附加二进制对象或发送纯/HTML多部分消息)将很快完成。
# Import smtplib for the actual sending function
import smtplib
# Import the email modules we'll need
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
# Open a plain text file for reading. For this example, assume that
# the text file contains only ASCII characters.
with open(textfile, 'rb') as fp:
# Create a text/plain message
msg = MIMEText(fp.read())
# me == the sender's email address
# you == the recipient's email address
msg['Subject'] = 'The contents of %s' % textfile
msg['From'] = me
msg['To'] = you
# Send the message via our own SMTP server, but don't include the
# envelope header.
s = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
s.sendmail(me, [you], msg.as_string())
s.quit()
要将电子邮件发送到多个目的地，您还可以遵循Python文档中的示例:
# Import smtplib for the actual sending function
import smtplib
# Here are the email package modules we'll need
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
# Create the container (outer) email message.
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = 'Our family reunion'
# me == the sender's email address
# family = the list of all recipients' email addresses
msg['From'] = me
msg['To'] = ', '.join(family)
msg.preamble = 'Our family reunion'
# Assume we know that the image files are all in PNG format
for file in pngfiles:
# Open the files in binary mode. Let the MIMEImage class automatically
# guess the specific image type.
with open(file, 'rb') as fp:
img = MIMEImage(fp.read())
msg.attach(img)
# Send the email via our own SMTP server.
s = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
s.sendmail(me, family, msg.as_string())
s.quit()
如您所见，MIMEText对象中的报头To必须是由逗号分隔的电子邮件地址组成的字符串。另一方面，sendmail函数的第二个参数必须是一个字符串列表(每个字符串都是一个电子邮件地址)。
所以，如果你有三个电子邮件地址:person1@example.com, person2@example.com和person3@example.com，你可以这样做(明显的部分省略了):
to = ["person1@example.com", "person2@example.com", "person3@example.com"]
msg['To'] = ",".join(to)
s.sendmail(me, to, msg.as_string())
"，".join(to)部分从列表中生成一个单独的字符串，用逗号分隔。
从你的问题中，我猜你还没有读过Python教程——如果你想在Python中有所了解，这是必须的——标准库的文档大部分都很出色。
在摆弄了很多例子之后，例如这里
这对我来说很管用:
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
# SMTP sendmail server mail relay
host = 'mail.server.com'
port = 587 # starttls not SSL 465 e.g gmail, port 25 blocked by most ISPs & AWS
sender_email = 'name@server.com'
recipient_email = 'name@domain.com'
password = 'YourSMTPServerAuthenticationPass'
subject = "Server - "
body = "Message from server"
def sendemail(host, port, sender_email, recipient_email, password, subject, body):
try:
p1 = f'<p><HR><BR>{recipient_email}<BR>'
p2 = f'<h2><font color="green">{subject}</font></h2>'
p3 = f'<p>{body}'
p4 = f'<p>Kind Regards,<BR><BR>{sender_email}<BR><HR>'
message = MIMEText((p1+p2+p3+p4), 'html')
# servers may not accept non RFC 5321 / RFC 5322 / compliant TXT & HTML typos
message['From'] = f'Sender Name <{sender_email}>'
message['To'] = f'Receiver Name <{recipient_email}>'
message['Cc'] = f'Receiver2 Name <>'
message['Subject'] = f'{subject}'
msg = message.as_string()
server = smtplib.SMTP(host, port)
print("Connection Status: Connected")
server.set_debuglevel(1)
server.ehlo()
server.starttls()
server.ehlo()
server.login(sender_email, password)
print("Connection Status: Logged in")
server.sendmail(sender_email, recipient_email, msg)
print("Status: Email as HTML successfully sent")
except Exception as e:
print(e)
print("Error: unable to send email")
# Run
sendemail(host, port, sender_email, recipient_email, password, subject, body)
print("Status: Exit")
