这段代码工作,并向我发送电子邮件就好:

import smtplib
#SERVER = "localhost"

FROM = 'monty@python.com'

TO = ["jon@mycompany.com"] # must be a list

SUBJECT = "Hello!"

TEXT = "This message was sent with Python's smtplib."

# Prepare actual message

message = """\
From: %s
To: %s
Subject: %s

%s
""" % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)

# Send the mail

server = smtplib.SMTP('myserver')
server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
server.quit()

然而,如果我试图将它包装在这样一个函数中:

def sendMail(FROM,TO,SUBJECT,TEXT,SERVER):
    import smtplib
    """this is some test documentation in the function"""
    message = """\
        From: %s
        To: %s
        Subject: %s
        %s
        """ % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)
    # Send the mail
    server = smtplib.SMTP(SERVER)
    server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
    server.quit()

我得到以下错误:

 Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Python31/mailtest1.py", line 8, in <module>
    sendmail.sendMail(sender,recipients,subject,body,server)
  File "C:/Python31\sendmail.py", line 13, in sendMail
    server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 720, in sendmail
    self.rset()
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 444, in rset
    return self.docmd("rset")
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 368, in docmd
    return self.getreply()
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 345, in getreply
    raise SMTPServerDisconnected("Connection unexpectedly closed")
smtplib.SMTPServerDisconnected: Connection unexpectedly closed

有人能告诉我为什么吗?


当前回答

我对发送电子邮件的包选项不满意,我决定制作并开源我自己的电子邮件发送器。它易于使用,并支持高级用例。

如何安装:

pip install redmail

用法:

from redmail import EmailSender
email = EmailSender(
    host="<SMTP HOST ADDRESS>",
    port=<PORT NUMBER>,
)

email.send(
    sender="me@example.com",
    receivers=["you@example.com"],
    subject="An example email",
    text="Hi, this is text body.",
    html="<h1>Hi,</h1><p>this is HTML body</p>"
)

如果您的服务器需要用户和密码,只需将user_name和密码传递给EmailSender。

我在send方法中包含了很多特性:

包含附件 将图像直接包含到HTML主体中 金贾的模板 漂亮的HTML表格开箱即用

文档: https://red-mail.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

源代码:https://github.com/Miksus/red-mail

其他回答

确保您已在电子邮件帐户中授予发件人和收件人发送和接收来自未知来源(外部来源)的电子邮件的权限。

import smtplib

#Ports 465 and 587 are intended for email client to email server communication - sending email
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)

#starttls() is a way to take an existing insecure connection and upgrade it to a secure connection using SSL/TLS.
server.starttls()

#Next, log in to the server
server.login("#email", "#password")

msg = "Hello! This Message was sent by the help of Python"

#Send the mail
server.sendmail("#Sender", "#Reciever", msg)

只是为了补充答案,以便您的邮件传递系统可以扩展。

我建议有一个配置文件(可以是.json, .yml, .ini等),包含发件人的电子邮件配置,密码和收件人。

通过这种方式,您可以根据需要创建不同的可定制项目。

下面是一个包含3个文件,config, functions和main的小示例。纯文本邮件。

config_email.ini

[email_1]
sender = test@test.com
password = XXXXXXXXXXX
recipients= ["email_2@test.com", "email_2@test.com"]

[email_2]
sender = test_2@test.com
password = XXXXXXXXXXX
recipients= ["email_2@test.com", "email_2@test.com", "email_3@test.com"]

这些项将从main.py调用,它将返回它们各自的值。

函数functions_email.py文件:

import smtplib,configparser,json
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

def get_credentials(item):
    parse = configparser.ConfigParser()
    parse.read('config_email.ini')
    sender = parse[item]['sender ']
    password = parse[item]['password']
    recipients= json.loads(parse[item]['recipients'])
    return sender,password,recipients

def get_msg(sender,recipients,subject,mail_body):
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    msg['From'] = sender 
    msg['To'] = ', '.join(recipients)       
    text = """\
    """+mail_body+""" """
    part1 = MIMEText(text, "plain")
    msg.attach(part1)
    return msg

def send_email(msg,sender,password,recipients):
    s = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.test.com')
    s.login(sender,password)
    s.sendmail(sender, recipients, msg.as_string())
    s.quit()    

文件main.py:

from functions_email import *

sender,password,recipients = get_credenciales('email_2')
subject= 'text to subject'
mail_body = 'body....................'
msg = get_msg(sender,recipients ,subject,mail_body)    
send_email(msg,sender,password,recipients)

最好的问候!

就你的代码而言,它似乎没有任何根本性的错误,除了,不清楚你实际上是如何调用这个函数的。我能想到的是,当您的服务器没有响应时,您将得到这个SMTPServerDisconnected错误。如果您查找smtplib中的getreply()函数(摘自下面),您将得到一个概念。

def getreply(self):
    """Get a reply from the server.

    Returns a tuple consisting of:

      - server response code (e.g. '250', or such, if all goes well)
        Note: returns -1 if it can't read response code.

      - server response string corresponding to response code (multiline
        responses are converted to a single, multiline string).

    Raises SMTPServerDisconnected if end-of-file is reached.
    """

查看https://github.com/rreddy80/sendEmails/blob/master/sendEmailAttachments.py上的一个例子,它也使用了一个函数调用来发送电子邮件,如果这就是你想要做的(DRY方法)。

我对发送电子邮件的包选项不满意,我决定制作并开源我自己的电子邮件发送器。它易于使用,并支持高级用例。

如何安装:

pip install redmail

用法:

from redmail import EmailSender
email = EmailSender(
    host="<SMTP HOST ADDRESS>",
    port=<PORT NUMBER>,
)

email.send(
    sender="me@example.com",
    receivers=["you@example.com"],
    subject="An example email",
    text="Hi, this is text body.",
    html="<h1>Hi,</h1><p>this is HTML body</p>"
)

如果您的服务器需要用户和密码,只需将user_name和密码传递给EmailSender。

我在send方法中包含了很多特性:

包含附件 将图像直接包含到HTML主体中 金贾的模板 漂亮的HTML表格开箱即用

文档: https://red-mail.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

源代码:https://github.com/Miksus/red-mail

我编写了一个简单的函数send_email(),用于使用smtplib和电子邮件包发送电子邮件(链接到我的文章)。它还使用dotenv包来加载发件人的电子邮件和密码(请不要在代码中保密!)我正在使用Gmail电子邮件服务。密码是应用程序密码(这里是谷歌文档如何生成应用程序密码)。

import os
import smtplib
from email.message import EmailMessage
from dotenv import load_dotenv
_ = load_dotenv()


def send_email(to, subject, message):
    try:
        email_address = os.environ.get("EMAIL_ADDRESS")
        email_password = os.environ.get("EMAIL_PASSWORD")

        if email_address is None or email_password is None:
            # no email address or password
            # something is not configured properly
            print("Did you set email address and password correctly?")
            return False

        # create email
        msg = EmailMessage()
        msg['Subject'] = subject
        msg['From'] = email_address
        msg['To'] = to
        msg.set_content(message)

        # send email
        with smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465) as smtp:
            smtp.login(email_address, email_password)
            smtp.send_message(msg)
        return True
    except Exception as e:
        print("Problem during send email")
        print(str(e))
    return False

以上方法对于简单的电子邮件发送是可行的。如果您正在寻找更高级的功能,例如HTML内容或附件,当然可以手工编码,但我建议使用现有的包,例如yagmail。

Gmail每天限制500封邮件。对于每天发送许多电子邮件,请考虑事务性电子邮件服务提供商,如Amazon SES, MailGun, MailJet或SendGrid。