如果你想设置自定义卷图标，那么使用下面的命令

/*Add a drive icon*/
cp "/Volumes/customIcon.icns" "/Volumes/dmgName/.VolumeIcon.icns"  


/*SetFile -c icnC will change the creator of the file to icnC*/
SetFile -c icnC /<your path>/.VolumeIcon.icns

现在创建读/写dmg

/*to set custom icon attribute*/
SetFile -a C /Volumes/dmgName

经过大量的研究，我得出了这个答案，我在这里把它作为我自己的问题的答案，供参考:

Make sure that "Enable access for assistive devices" is checked in System Preferences>>Universal Access. It is required for the AppleScript to work. You may have to reboot after this change (it doesn't work otherwise on Mac OS X Server 10.4). Create a R/W DMG. It must be larger than the result will be. In this example, the bash variable "size" contains the size in Kb and the contents of the folder in the "source" bash variable will be copied into the DMG: hdiutil create -srcfolder "${source}" -volname "${title}" -fs HFS+ \ -fsargs "-c c=64,a=16,e=16" -format UDRW -size ${size}k pack.temp.dmg Mount the disk image, and store the device name (you might want to use sleep for a few seconds after this operation): device=$(hdiutil attach -readwrite -noverify -noautoopen "pack.temp.dmg" | \ egrep '^/dev/' | sed 1q | awk '{print $1}') Store the background picture (in PNG format) in a folder called ".background" in the DMG, and store its name in the "backgroundPictureName" variable. Use AppleScript to set the visual styles (name of .app must be in bash variable "applicationName", use variables for the other properties as needed): echo ' tell application "Finder" tell disk "'${title}'" open set current view of container window to icon view set toolbar visible of container window to false set statusbar visible of container window to false set the bounds of container window to {400, 100, 885, 430} set theViewOptions to the icon view options of container window set arrangement of theViewOptions to not arranged set icon size of theViewOptions to 72 set background picture of theViewOptions to file ".background:'${backgroundPictureName}'" make new alias file at container window to POSIX file "/Applications" with properties {name:"Applications"} set position of item "'${applicationName}'" of container window to {100, 100} set position of item "Applications" of container window to {375, 100} update without registering applications delay 5 close end tell end tell ' | osascript Finialize the DMG by setting permissions properly, compressing and releasing it: chmod -Rf go-w /Volumes/"${title}" sync sync hdiutil detach ${device} hdiutil convert "/pack.temp.dmg" -format UDZO -imagekey zlib-level=9 -o "${finalDMGName}" rm -f /pack.temp.dmg

在雪豹上，上面的applescript不能正确设置图标的位置-这似乎是一个雪豹bug。一个解决方法是在设置图标后简单地调用close/open，即:

..
set position of item "'${applicationName}'" of container window to {100, 100}
set position of item "Applications" of container window to {375, 100}
close
open

. ds_store文件存储Mac中的windows设置。windows设置包括图标布局，窗口背景，窗口大小等。为挂载图像创建窗口时需要. ds_store文件，以保存文件和窗口背景的排列。

一旦你创建了. ds_store文件，你可以把它复制到你创建的安装程序(DMG)。

有一个叫做create-dmg的Bash小脚本，它可以构建具有自定义背景、自定义图标定位和卷名的花哨dmg。

这是我多年前为我当时经营的公司建造的;从那时起，它就依靠其他人的贡献而生存，据报道，它运行良好。

还有node-appdmg，它看起来更现代，更活跃，基于Node.js;也来看看吧。

如果你想设置自定义卷图标，那么使用下面的命令

/*Add a drive icon*/
cp "/Volumes/customIcon.icns" "/Volumes/dmgName/.VolumeIcon.icns"  


/*SetFile -c icnC will change the creator of the file to icnC*/
SetFile -c icnC /<your path>/.VolumeIcon.icns

现在创建读/写dmg

/*to set custom icon attribute*/
SetFile -a C /Volumes/dmgName

这些答案太复杂了，而且时代已经变了。下面的工作在10.9上很好，权限是正确的，它看起来不错。

从目录中创建只读DMG

#!/bin/sh
# create_dmg Frobulator Frobulator.dmg path/to/frobulator/dir [ 'Your Code Sign Identity' ]
set -e

VOLNAME="$1"
DMG="$2"
SRC_DIR="$3"
CODESIGN_IDENTITY="$4"

hdiutil create -srcfolder "$SRC_DIR" \
  -volname "$VOLNAME" \
  -fs HFS+ -fsargs "-c c=64,a=16,e=16" \
  -format UDZO -imagekey zlib-level=9 "$DMG"

if [ -n "$CODESIGN_IDENTITY" ]; then
  codesign -s "$CODESIGN_IDENTITY" -v "$DMG"
fi

创建带有图标的只读DMG。icn类型)

#!/bin/sh
# create_dmg_with_icon Frobulator Frobulator.dmg path/to/frobulator/dir path/to/someicon.icns [ 'Your Code Sign Identity' ]
set -e
VOLNAME="$1"
DMG="$2"
SRC_DIR="$3"
ICON_FILE="$4"
CODESIGN_IDENTITY="$5"

TMP_DMG="$(mktemp -u -t XXXXXXX)"
trap 'RESULT=$?; rm -f "$TMP_DMG"; exit $RESULT' INT QUIT TERM EXIT
hdiutil create -srcfolder "$SRC_DIR" -volname "$VOLNAME" -fs HFS+ \
               -fsargs "-c c=64,a=16,e=16" -format UDRW "$TMP_DMG"
TMP_DMG="${TMP_DMG}.dmg" # because OSX appends .dmg
DEVICE="$(hdiutil attach -readwrite -noautoopen "$TMP_DMG" | awk 'NR==1{print$1}')"
VOLUME="$(mount | grep "$DEVICE" | sed 's/^[^ ]* on //;s/ ([^)]*)$//')"
# start of DMG changes
cp "$ICON_FILE" "$VOLUME/.VolumeIcon.icns"
SetFile -c icnC "$VOLUME/.VolumeIcon.icns"
SetFile -a C "$VOLUME"
# end of DMG changes
hdiutil detach "$DEVICE"
hdiutil convert "$TMP_DMG" -format UDZO -imagekey zlib-level=9 -o "$DMG"
if [ -n "$CODESIGN_IDENTITY" ]; then
  codesign -s "$CODESIGN_IDENTITY" -v "$DMG"
fi

如果需要执行其他操作，最简单的方法是创建SRC_DIR的临时副本，并在创建DMG之前对其应用更改。