我需要为Mac应用程序创建一个很好的安装程序。我希望它是一个磁盘映像(DMG),具有预定义的大小、布局和背景图像。

我需要在一个脚本中以编程方式做到这一点,将其集成到现有的构建系统中(实际上更多的是一个包系统,因为它只创建安装程序。构建是单独完成的)。

我已经用“hdiutil”完成了DMG的创建,我还没有发现的是如何制作图标布局和指定背景位图。


当前回答

我的应用,DropDMG,是一个简单的方法来创建磁盘图像的背景图片,图标布局,自定义卷图标,和软件许可协议。它可以通过“dropdmg”命令行工具或AppleScript从构建系统中控制。如果需要,图片和许可证RTF文件可以存储在您的版本控制系统下。

其他回答

对于那些对这个话题感兴趣的人,我应该提到我是如何创建DMG的:

hdiutil create XXX.dmg -volname "YYY" -fs HFS+ -srcfolder "ZZZ"

在哪里

XXX == disk image file name (duh!)
YYY == window title displayed when DMG is opened
ZZZ == Path to a folder containing the files that will be copied into the DMG

经过大量的研究,我得出了这个答案,我在这里把它作为我自己的问题的答案,供参考:

Make sure that "Enable access for assistive devices" is checked in System Preferences>>Universal Access. It is required for the AppleScript to work. You may have to reboot after this change (it doesn't work otherwise on Mac OS X Server 10.4). Create a R/W DMG. It must be larger than the result will be. In this example, the bash variable "size" contains the size in Kb and the contents of the folder in the "source" bash variable will be copied into the DMG: hdiutil create -srcfolder "${source}" -volname "${title}" -fs HFS+ \ -fsargs "-c c=64,a=16,e=16" -format UDRW -size ${size}k pack.temp.dmg Mount the disk image, and store the device name (you might want to use sleep for a few seconds after this operation): device=$(hdiutil attach -readwrite -noverify -noautoopen "pack.temp.dmg" | \ egrep '^/dev/' | sed 1q | awk '{print $1}') Store the background picture (in PNG format) in a folder called ".background" in the DMG, and store its name in the "backgroundPictureName" variable. Use AppleScript to set the visual styles (name of .app must be in bash variable "applicationName", use variables for the other properties as needed): echo ' tell application "Finder" tell disk "'${title}'" open set current view of container window to icon view set toolbar visible of container window to false set statusbar visible of container window to false set the bounds of container window to {400, 100, 885, 430} set theViewOptions to the icon view options of container window set arrangement of theViewOptions to not arranged set icon size of theViewOptions to 72 set background picture of theViewOptions to file ".background:'${backgroundPictureName}'" make new alias file at container window to POSIX file "/Applications" with properties {name:"Applications"} set position of item "'${applicationName}'" of container window to {100, 100} set position of item "Applications" of container window to {375, 100} update without registering applications delay 5 close end tell end tell ' | osascript Finialize the DMG by setting permissions properly, compressing and releasing it: chmod -Rf go-w /Volumes/"${title}" sync sync hdiutil detach ${device} hdiutil convert "/pack.temp.dmg" -format UDZO -imagekey zlib-level=9 -o "${finalDMGName}" rm -f /pack.temp.dmg

在雪豹上,上面的applescript不能正确设置图标的位置-这似乎是一个雪豹bug。一个解决方法是在设置图标后简单地调用close/open,即:

..
set position of item "'${applicationName}'" of container window to {100, 100}
set position of item "Applications" of container window to {375, 100}
close
open

我找到了这个很棒的mac应用程序来自动化这个过程- http://www.araelium.com/dmgcanvas/ 如果你正在为你的MAC应用程序创建DMG安装程序,你必须看看

这些答案太复杂了,而且时代已经变了。下面的工作在10.9上很好,权限是正确的,它看起来不错。

从目录中创建只读DMG

#!/bin/sh
# create_dmg Frobulator Frobulator.dmg path/to/frobulator/dir [ 'Your Code Sign Identity' ]
set -e

VOLNAME="$1"
DMG="$2"
SRC_DIR="$3"
CODESIGN_IDENTITY="$4"

hdiutil create -srcfolder "$SRC_DIR" \
  -volname "$VOLNAME" \
  -fs HFS+ -fsargs "-c c=64,a=16,e=16" \
  -format UDZO -imagekey zlib-level=9 "$DMG"

if [ -n "$CODESIGN_IDENTITY" ]; then
  codesign -s "$CODESIGN_IDENTITY" -v "$DMG"
fi

创建带有图标的只读DMG。icn类型)

#!/bin/sh
# create_dmg_with_icon Frobulator Frobulator.dmg path/to/frobulator/dir path/to/someicon.icns [ 'Your Code Sign Identity' ]
set -e
VOLNAME="$1"
DMG="$2"
SRC_DIR="$3"
ICON_FILE="$4"
CODESIGN_IDENTITY="$5"

TMP_DMG="$(mktemp -u -t XXXXXXX)"
trap 'RESULT=$?; rm -f "$TMP_DMG"; exit $RESULT' INT QUIT TERM EXIT
hdiutil create -srcfolder "$SRC_DIR" -volname "$VOLNAME" -fs HFS+ \
               -fsargs "-c c=64,a=16,e=16" -format UDRW "$TMP_DMG"
TMP_DMG="${TMP_DMG}.dmg" # because OSX appends .dmg
DEVICE="$(hdiutil attach -readwrite -noautoopen "$TMP_DMG" | awk 'NR==1{print$1}')"
VOLUME="$(mount | grep "$DEVICE" | sed 's/^[^ ]* on //;s/ ([^)]*)$//')"
# start of DMG changes
cp "$ICON_FILE" "$VOLUME/.VolumeIcon.icns"
SetFile -c icnC "$VOLUME/.VolumeIcon.icns"
SetFile -a C "$VOLUME"
# end of DMG changes
hdiutil detach "$DEVICE"
hdiutil convert "$TMP_DMG" -format UDZO -imagekey zlib-level=9 -o "$DMG"
if [ -n "$CODESIGN_IDENTITY" ]; then
  codesign -s "$CODESIGN_IDENTITY" -v "$DMG"
fi

如果需要执行其他操作,最简单的方法是创建SRC_DIR的临时副本,并在创建DMG之前对其应用更改。

我终于得到了这个工作在我自己的项目(这恰好是在Xcode)。将这3个脚本添加到构建阶段将自动为您的产品创建一个漂亮而整洁的磁盘映像。您所要做的就是构建您的项目,DMG将在您的产品文件夹中等待。

脚本1(创建临时磁盘映像):

#!/bin/bash
#Create a R/W DMG

dir="$TEMP_FILES_DIR/disk"
dmg="$BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR/$PRODUCT_NAME.temp.dmg"

rm -rf "$dir"
mkdir "$dir"
cp -R "$BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR/$PRODUCT_NAME.app" "$dir"
ln -s "/Applications" "$dir/Applications"
mkdir "$dir/.background"
cp "$PROJECT_DIR/$PROJECT_NAME/some_image.png" "$dir/.background"
rm -f "$dmg"
hdiutil create "$dmg" -srcfolder "$dir" -volname "$PRODUCT_NAME" -format UDRW

#Mount the disk image, and store the device name
hdiutil attach "$dmg" -noverify -noautoopen -readwrite

脚本2(设置窗口属性脚本):

#!/usr/bin/osascript
#get the dimensions of the main window using a bash script

set {width, height, scale} to words of (do shell script "system_profiler SPDisplaysDataType | awk '/Main Display: Yes/{found=1} /Resolution/{width=$2; height=$4} /Retina/{scale=($2 == \"Yes\" ? 2 : 1)} /^ {8}[^ ]+/{if(found) {exit}; scale=1} END{printf \"%d %d %d\\n\", width, height, scale}'")
set x to ((width / 2) / scale)
set y to ((height / 2) / scale)

#get the product name using a bash script
set {product_name} to words of (do shell script "printf \"%s\", $PRODUCT_NAME")
set background to alias ("Volumes:"&product_name&":.background:some_image.png")

tell application "Finder"
    tell disk product_name
        open
        set current view of container window to icon view
        set toolbar visible of container window to false
        set statusbar visible of container window to false
        set the bounds of container window to {x, y, (x + 479), (y + 383)}
        set theViewOptions to the icon view options of container window
        set arrangement of theViewOptions to not arranged
        set icon size of theViewOptions to 128
        set background picture of theViewOptions to background
        set position of item (product_name & ".app") of container window to {100, 225}
        set position of item "Applications" of container window to {375, 225}
        update without registering applications
        close
    end tell
end tell

上述测量的窗口工作为我的项目,特别是由于我的背景图片和图标分辨率的大小;您可能需要为自己的项目修改这些值。

脚本3(制作最终磁盘映像脚本):

#!/bin/bash
dir="$TEMP_FILES_DIR/disk"
cp "$PROJECT_DIR/$PROJECT_NAME/some_other_image.png" "$dir/"

#unmount the temp image file, then convert it to final image file
sync
sync
hdiutil detach /Volumes/$PRODUCT_NAME
rm -f "$BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR/$PRODUCT_NAME.dmg"
hdiutil convert "$BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR/$PRODUCT_NAME.temp.dmg" -format UDZO -imagekey zlib-level=9 -o "$BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR/$PRODUCT_NAME.dmg"
rm -f "$BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR/$PRODUCT_NAME.temp.dmg"

#Change the icon of the image file
sips -i "$dir/some_other_image.png"
DeRez -only icns "$dir/some_other_image.png" > "$dir/tmpicns.rsrc"
Rez -append "$dir/tmpicns.rsrc" -o "$BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR/$PRODUCT_NAME.dmg"
SetFile -a C "$BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR/$PRODUCT_NAME.dmg"

rm -rf "$dir"

确保您正在使用的图像文件在$PROJECT_DIR/$PROJECT_NAME/目录!