我开始使用Json。NET将JSON格式的字符串转换为对象，反之亦然。在Json中我不确定。NET框架，它是可能的转换字符串在JSON到XML格式，反之亦然?
当前回答
下面是将xml转换为json的完整c#代码
public static class JSon
{
public static string XmlToJSON(string xml)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(xml);
return XmlToJSON(doc);
}
public static string XmlToJSON(XmlDocument xmlDoc)
{
StringBuilder sbJSON = new StringBuilder();
sbJSON.Append("{ ");
XmlToJSONnode(sbJSON, xmlDoc.DocumentElement, true);
sbJSON.Append("}");
return sbJSON.ToString();
}
// XmlToJSONnode: Output an XmlElement, possibly as part of a higher array
private static void XmlToJSONnode(StringBuilder sbJSON, XmlElement node, bool showNodeName)
{
if (showNodeName)
sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(node.Name) + "\": ");
sbJSON.Append("{");
// Build a sorted list of key-value pairs
// where key is case-sensitive nodeName
// value is an ArrayList of string or XmlElement
// so that we know whether the nodeName is an array or not.
SortedList<string, object> childNodeNames = new SortedList<string, object>();
// Add in all node attributes
if (node.Attributes != null)
foreach (XmlAttribute attr in node.Attributes)
StoreChildNode(childNodeNames, attr.Name, attr.InnerText);
// Add in all nodes
foreach (XmlNode cnode in node.ChildNodes)
{
if (cnode is XmlText)
StoreChildNode(childNodeNames, "value", cnode.InnerText);
else if (cnode is XmlElement)
StoreChildNode(childNodeNames, cnode.Name, cnode);
}
// Now output all stored info
foreach (string childname in childNodeNames.Keys)
{
List<object> alChild = (List<object>)childNodeNames[childname];
if (alChild.Count == 1)
OutputNode(childname, alChild[0], sbJSON, true);
else
{
sbJSON.Append(" \"" + SafeJSON(childname) + "\": [ ");
foreach (object Child in alChild)
OutputNode(childname, Child, sbJSON, false);
sbJSON.Remove(sbJSON.Length - 2, 2);
sbJSON.Append(" ], ");
}
}
sbJSON.Remove(sbJSON.Length - 2, 2);
sbJSON.Append(" }");
}
// StoreChildNode: Store data associated with each nodeName
// so that we know whether the nodeName is an array or not.
private static void StoreChildNode(SortedList<string, object> childNodeNames, string nodeName, object nodeValue)
{
// Pre-process contraction of XmlElement-s
if (nodeValue is XmlElement)
{
// Convert <aa></aa> into "aa":null
// <aa>xx</aa> into "aa":"xx"
XmlNode cnode = (XmlNode)nodeValue;
if (cnode.Attributes.Count == 0)
{
XmlNodeList children = cnode.ChildNodes;
if (children.Count == 0)
nodeValue = null;
else if (children.Count == 1 && (children[0] is XmlText))
nodeValue = ((XmlText)(children[0])).InnerText;
}
}
// Add nodeValue to ArrayList associated with each nodeName
// If nodeName doesn't exist then add it
List<object> ValuesAL;
if (childNodeNames.ContainsKey(nodeName))
{
ValuesAL = (List<object>)childNodeNames[nodeName];
}
else
{
ValuesAL = new List<object>();
childNodeNames[nodeName] = ValuesAL;
}
ValuesAL.Add(nodeValue);
}
private static void OutputNode(string childname, object alChild, StringBuilder sbJSON, bool showNodeName)
{
if (alChild == null)
{
if (showNodeName)
sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(childname) + "\": ");
sbJSON.Append("null");
}
else if (alChild is string)
{
if (showNodeName)
sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(childname) + "\": ");
string sChild = (string)alChild;
sChild = sChild.Trim();
sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(sChild) + "\"");
}
else
XmlToJSONnode(sbJSON, (XmlElement)alChild, showNodeName);
sbJSON.Append(", ");
}
// Make a string safe for JSON
private static string SafeJSON(string sIn)
{
StringBuilder sbOut = new StringBuilder(sIn.Length);
foreach (char ch in sIn)
{
if (Char.IsControl(ch) || ch == '\'')
{
int ich = (int)ch;
sbOut.Append(@"\u" + ich.ToString("x4"));
continue;
}
else if (ch == '\"' || ch == '\\' || ch == '/')
{
sbOut.Append('\\');
}
sbOut.Append(ch);
}
return sbOut.ToString();
}
}
要将给定的XML字符串转换为JSON，只需如下所示调用XmlToJSON()函数。
string xml = "<menu id=\"file\" value=\"File\"> " +
"<popup>" +
"<menuitem value=\"New\" onclick=\"CreateNewDoc()\" />" +
"<menuitem value=\"Open\" onclick=\"OpenDoc()\" />" +
"<menuitem value=\"Close\" onclick=\"CloseDoc()\" />" +
"</popup>" +
"</menu>";
string json = JSON.XmlToJSON(xml);
// json = { "menu": {"id": "file", "popup": { "menuitem": [ {"onclick": "CreateNewDoc()", "value": "New" }, {"onclick": "OpenDoc()", "value": "Open" }, {"onclick": "CloseDoc()", "value": "Close" } ] }, "value": "File" }}
其他回答
下面是将xml转换为json的完整c#代码
public static class JSon
{
public static string XmlToJSON(string xml)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(xml);
return XmlToJSON(doc);
}
public static string XmlToJSON(XmlDocument xmlDoc)
{
StringBuilder sbJSON = new StringBuilder();
sbJSON.Append("{ ");
XmlToJSONnode(sbJSON, xmlDoc.DocumentElement, true);
sbJSON.Append("}");
return sbJSON.ToString();
}
// XmlToJSONnode: Output an XmlElement, possibly as part of a higher array
private static void XmlToJSONnode(StringBuilder sbJSON, XmlElement node, bool showNodeName)
{
if (showNodeName)
sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(node.Name) + "\": ");
sbJSON.Append("{");
// Build a sorted list of key-value pairs
// where key is case-sensitive nodeName
// value is an ArrayList of string or XmlElement
// so that we know whether the nodeName is an array or not.
SortedList<string, object> childNodeNames = new SortedList<string, object>();
// Add in all node attributes
if (node.Attributes != null)
foreach (XmlAttribute attr in node.Attributes)
StoreChildNode(childNodeNames, attr.Name, attr.InnerText);
// Add in all nodes
foreach (XmlNode cnode in node.ChildNodes)
{
if (cnode is XmlText)
StoreChildNode(childNodeNames, "value", cnode.InnerText);
else if (cnode is XmlElement)
StoreChildNode(childNodeNames, cnode.Name, cnode);
}
// Now output all stored info
foreach (string childname in childNodeNames.Keys)
{
List<object> alChild = (List<object>)childNodeNames[childname];
if (alChild.Count == 1)
OutputNode(childname, alChild[0], sbJSON, true);
else
{
sbJSON.Append(" \"" + SafeJSON(childname) + "\": [ ");
foreach (object Child in alChild)
OutputNode(childname, Child, sbJSON, false);
sbJSON.Remove(sbJSON.Length - 2, 2);
sbJSON.Append(" ], ");
}
}
sbJSON.Remove(sbJSON.Length - 2, 2);
sbJSON.Append(" }");
}
// StoreChildNode: Store data associated with each nodeName
// so that we know whether the nodeName is an array or not.
private static void StoreChildNode(SortedList<string, object> childNodeNames, string nodeName, object nodeValue)
{
// Pre-process contraction of XmlElement-s
if (nodeValue is XmlElement)
{
// Convert <aa></aa> into "aa":null
// <aa>xx</aa> into "aa":"xx"
XmlNode cnode = (XmlNode)nodeValue;
if (cnode.Attributes.Count == 0)
{
XmlNodeList children = cnode.ChildNodes;
if (children.Count == 0)
nodeValue = null;
else if (children.Count == 1 && (children[0] is XmlText))
nodeValue = ((XmlText)(children[0])).InnerText;
}
}
// Add nodeValue to ArrayList associated with each nodeName
// If nodeName doesn't exist then add it
List<object> ValuesAL;
if (childNodeNames.ContainsKey(nodeName))
{
ValuesAL = (List<object>)childNodeNames[nodeName];
}
else
{
ValuesAL = new List<object>();
childNodeNames[nodeName] = ValuesAL;
}
ValuesAL.Add(nodeValue);
}
private static void OutputNode(string childname, object alChild, StringBuilder sbJSON, bool showNodeName)
{
if (alChild == null)
{
if (showNodeName)
sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(childname) + "\": ");
sbJSON.Append("null");
}
else if (alChild is string)
{
if (showNodeName)
sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(childname) + "\": ");
string sChild = (string)alChild;
sChild = sChild.Trim();
sbJSON.Append("\"" + SafeJSON(sChild) + "\"");
}
else
XmlToJSONnode(sbJSON, (XmlElement)alChild, showNodeName);
sbJSON.Append(", ");
}
// Make a string safe for JSON
private static string SafeJSON(string sIn)
{
StringBuilder sbOut = new StringBuilder(sIn.Length);
foreach (char ch in sIn)
{
if (Char.IsControl(ch) || ch == '\'')
{
int ich = (int)ch;
sbOut.Append(@"\u" + ich.ToString("x4"));
continue;
}
else if (ch == '\"' || ch == '\\' || ch == '/')
{
sbOut.Append('\\');
}
sbOut.Append(ch);
}
return sbOut.ToString();
}
}
要将给定的XML字符串转换为JSON，只需如下所示调用XmlToJSON()函数。
string xml = "<menu id=\"file\" value=\"File\"> " +
"<popup>" +
"<menuitem value=\"New\" onclick=\"CreateNewDoc()\" />" +
"<menuitem value=\"Open\" onclick=\"OpenDoc()\" />" +
"<menuitem value=\"Close\" onclick=\"CloseDoc()\" />" +
"</popup>" +
"</menu>";
string json = JSON.XmlToJSON(xml);
// json = { "menu": {"id": "file", "popup": { "menuitem": [ {"onclick": "CreateNewDoc()", "value": "New" }, {"onclick": "OpenDoc()", "value": "Open" }, {"onclick": "CloseDoc()", "value": "Close" } ] }, "value": "File" }}
我花了很长时间寻找公认解决方案的替代代码，希望不使用外部程序集/项目。感谢DynamicJson项目的源代码，我想到了以下内容:
public XmlDocument JsonToXML(string json)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
using (var reader = JsonReaderWriterFactory.CreateJsonReader(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(json), XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas.Max))
{
XElement xml = XElement.Load(reader);
doc.LoadXml(xml.ToString());
}
return doc;
}
注意:出于xPath目的，我希望使用XmlDocument而不是XElement。 此外，这段代码显然只能从JSON转换为XML，有各种相反的方法。
你也可以用.NET Framework做这些转换:
JSON到XML:使用System.Runtime.Serialization.Json
var xml = XDocument.Load(JsonReaderWriterFactory.CreateJsonReader(
Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(jsonString), new XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas()));
XML转JSON:使用System.Web.Script.Serialization
var json = new JavaScriptSerializer().Serialize(GetXmlData(XElement.Parse(xmlString)));
private static Dictionary<string, object> GetXmlData(XElement xml)
{
var attr = xml.Attributes().ToDictionary(d => d.Name.LocalName, d => (object)d.Value);
if (xml.HasElements) attr.Add("_value", xml.Elements().Select(e => GetXmlData(e)));
else if (!xml.IsEmpty) attr.Add("_value", xml.Value);
return new Dictionary<string, object> { { xml.Name.LocalName, attr } };
}
试试这个函数。我刚刚写了它，还没有太多机会测试它，但我的初步测试是有希望的。
public static XmlDocument JsonToXml(string json)
{
XmlNode newNode = null;
XmlNode appendToNode = null;
XmlDocument returnXmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
returnXmlDoc.LoadXml("<Document />");
XmlNode rootNode = returnXmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Document");
appendToNode = rootNode;
string[] arrElementData;
string[] arrElements = json.Split('\r');
foreach (string element in arrElements)
{
string processElement = element.Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Replace("\t", "").Trim();
if ((processElement.IndexOf("}") > -1 || processElement.IndexOf("]") > -1) && appendToNode != rootNode)
{
appendToNode = appendToNode.ParentNode;
}
else if (processElement.IndexOf("[") > -1)
{
processElement = processElement.Replace(":", "").Replace("[", "").Replace("\"", "").Trim();
newNode = returnXmlDoc.CreateElement(processElement);
appendToNode.AppendChild(newNode);
appendToNode = newNode;
}
else if (processElement.IndexOf("{") > -1 && processElement.IndexOf(":") > -1)
{
processElement = processElement.Replace(":", "").Replace("{", "").Replace("\"", "").Trim();
newNode = returnXmlDoc.CreateElement(processElement);
appendToNode.AppendChild(newNode);
appendToNode = newNode;
}
else
{
if (processElement.IndexOf(":") > -1)
{
arrElementData = processElement.Replace(": \"", ":").Replace("\",", "").Replace("\"", "").Split(':');
newNode = returnXmlDoc.CreateElement(arrElementData[0]);
for (int i = 1; i < arrElementData.Length; i++)
{
newNode.InnerText += arrElementData[i];
}
appendToNode.AppendChild(newNode);
}
}
}
return returnXmlDoc;
}
是的，你可以这样做(我这样做)，但要注意转换时的一些矛盾，并适当地处理。您不能自动符合所有的接口可能性，并且在控制转换方面有有限的内置支持—许多JSON结构和值不能自动以两种方式转换。请记住，我使用的是Newtonsoft JSON库和MS XML库的默认设置，所以你的里程可能会有所不同:
XML -> json
All data becomes string data (for example you will always get "false" not false or "0" not 0) Obviously JavaScript treats these differently in certain cases. Children elements can become nested-object {} OR nested-array [ {} {} ...] depending if there is only one or more than one XML child-element. You would consume these two differently in JavaScript, etc. Different examples of XML conforming to the same schema can produce actually different JSON structures this way. You can add the attribute json:Array='true' to your element to workaround this in some (but not necessarily all) cases. Your XML must be fairly well-formed, I have noticed it doesn't need to perfectly conform to W3C standard, but 1. you must have a root element and 2. you cannot start element names with numbers are two of the enforced XML standards I have found when using Newtonsoft and MS libraries. In older versions, Blank elements do not convert to JSON. They are ignored. A blank element does not become "element":null
一个新的更新改变了如何处理null(感谢Jon Story指出):https://www.newtonsoft.com/json/help/html/T_Newtonsoft_Json_NullValueHandling.htm
Json -> XML
您需要一个将转换为根XML元素的顶级对象，否则解析器将失败。 您的对象名称不能以数字开头，因为它们不能转换为元素(XML技术上甚至比这更严格)，但我可以“逃避”打破一些其他元素命名规则。
请随时提到你注意到的任何其他问题，我已经开发了自己的自定义例程，用于准备和清理字符串，因为我来回转换。你的情况可能需要也可能不需要准备/清理。正如StaxMan提到的，您的情况实际上可能需要您在对象之间进行转换……这可能需要适当的接口和一堆case语句/等等来处理我上面提到的警告。
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