我有一个片段(F1)与这样的公共方法
public void asd() {
if (getActivity() == null) {
Log.d("yes","it is null");
}
}
是的，当我调用它(从活动)，它是空…
FragmentTransaction transaction1 = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
F1 f1 = new F1();
transaction1.replace(R.id.upperPart, f1);
transaction1.commit();
f1.asd();
一定是我做错了什么，但我不知道是什么。
当前回答
Commit调度事务，也就是说，它不会立即发生，而是在下一次主线程准备就绪时在主线程上进行调度。
我建议加一个
onAttach(Activity activity)
方法，并在它上面放一个断点，看看它什么时候相对于你对asd()的调用被调用。您将看到它在您调用asd()退出的方法之后被调用。onAttach调用是片段附加到其活动的地方，从这一点上getActivity()将返回非空(注意还有一个onDetach()调用)。
其他回答
另一个好的解决方案是使用Android的LiveData和MVVM架构。 你可以在你的ViewModel中定义一个LiveData对象，并在你的片段中观察它，当LiveData值发生变化时，只有当你的片段处于活动状态时，它才会通知你的观察者(在这种情况下是片段)，所以这将保证你的UI工作，只有当你的片段处于活动状态时才会访问活动。这是LiveData的一个优势
当然，当这个问题第一次被提出时，还没有LiveData。我把这个答案留在这里，因为在我看来，这个问题仍然存在，它可能会对某些人有所帮助。
在commit()之后调用回调函数的顺序:
无论你在commit()之后手动调用什么方法 onAttach () onCreateView () onActivityCreated ()
我需要做一些涉及一些视图的工作，所以onAttach()不适合我;它坠毁。所以我移动了我的代码的一部分，设置一些参数在一个方法调用后立即提交()(1.)，然后在onCreateView()(3.)内处理视图的代码的另一部分。
在哪里调用这个函数?如果在Fragment的构造函数中调用它，它将返回null。
当onCreateView()方法被执行时，只需调用getActivity()。
最好的办法是在onAttach被调用时保持活动引用，并在任何需要的地方使用活动引用。
@Override
public void onAttach(Context context) {
super.onAttach(activity);
mContext = context;
}
@Override
public void onDetach() {
super.onDetach();
mContext = null;
}
The other answers that suggest keeping a reference to the activity in onAttach are just suggesting a bandaid to the real problem. When getActivity returns null it means that the Fragment is not attached to the Activity. Most commonly this happens when the Activity has gone away due to rotation or the Activity being finished but the Fragment still has some kind of callback listener registered preventing it from being garbage collected. When the listener gets called if you need to do something with the Activity but the Activity is gone there isn't much you can do. In your code you should just check getActivity() != null and if it's not there then don't do anything. If you keep a reference to the Activity that is gone you are preventing the Activity from being garbage collected. Any UI things you might try to do won't be seen by the user. I can imagine some situations where in the callback listener you want to have a Context for something non-UI related, in those cases it probably makes more sense to get the Application context. Note that the only reason that the onAttach trick isn't a big memory leak is because normally after the callback listener executes it won't be needed anymore and can be garbage collected along with the Fragment, all its View's and the Activity context. If you setRetainInstance(true) there is a bigger chance of a memory leak because the Activity field will also be retained but after rotation that could be the previous Activity not the current one.
