使用MSSQL2005,如果我首先截断子表(具有FK关系的主键的表),我可以截断带有外键约束的表吗?
我知道我也可以
使用不带where子句的DELETE,然后RESEED标识(或) 删除FK,截断表,并重新创建FK。
我认为只要我在父表之前截断子表,我就可以不做上面的任何一个选项,但我得到了这个错误:
不能截断表'TableName',因为它被一个FOREIGN KEY约束引用。
使用MSSQL2005,如果我首先截断子表(具有FK关系的主键的表),我可以截断带有外键约束的表吗?
我知道我也可以
使用不带where子句的DELETE,然后RESEED标识(或) 删除FK,截断表,并重新创建FK。
我认为只要我在父表之前截断子表,我就可以不做上面的任何一个选项,但我得到了这个错误:
不能截断表'TableName',因为它被一个FOREIGN KEY约束引用。
当前回答
下面的工作对我来说,即使有FK约束,并结合以下答案,只删除指定的表:
事务自动回滚 循环使用逗号分隔的列表 执行动态SQL(使用变量中的表名) DELETE和RESEED表(在这个线程中)
USE [YourDB];
DECLARE @TransactionName varchar(20) = 'stopdropandroll';
BEGIN TRAN @TransactionName;
set xact_abort on; /* automatic rollback https://stackoverflow.com/a/1749788/1037948 */
-- ===== DO WORK // =====
-- dynamic sql placeholder
DECLARE @SQL varchar(300);
-- LOOP: https://stackoverflow.com/a/10031803/1037948
-- list of things to loop
DECLARE @delim char = ';';
DECLARE @foreach varchar(MAX) = 'Table;Names;Separated;By;Delimiter' + @delim + 'AnotherName' + @delim + 'Still Another';
DECLARE @token varchar(MAX);
WHILE len(@foreach) > 0
BEGIN
-- set current loop token
SET @token = left(@foreach, charindex(@delim, @foreach+@delim)-1)
-- ======= DO WORK // ===========
-- dynamic sql (parentheses are required): https://stackoverflow.com/a/989111/1037948
SET @SQL = 'DELETE FROM [' + @token + ']; DBCC CHECKIDENT (''' + @token + ''',RESEED, 0);'; -- https://stackoverflow.com/a/11784890
PRINT @SQL;
EXEC (@SQL);
-- ======= // END WORK ===========
-- continue loop, chopping off token
SET @foreach = stuff(@foreach, 1, charindex(@delim, @foreach+@delim), '')
END
-- ===== // END WORK =====
-- review and commit
SELECT @@TRANCOUNT as TransactionsPerformed, @@ROWCOUNT as LastRowsChanged;
COMMIT TRAN @TransactionName;
注意:
我认为这仍然有助于按照你想要删除的顺序声明表(即先删除依赖项)。从这个答案中可以看出,不是循环特定的名称,而是用所有表替换
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DELETE FROM ?; DBCC CHECKIDENT (''?'',RESEED, 0);';
其他回答
好吧,因为我没有找到我使用的非常简单的解决方案的例子,这是:
删除外键; 截断表 重新创建外键
是这样的:
1)查找导致失败的外键名称(例如:FK_PROBLEM_REASON,带字段ID,来自表TABLE_OWNING_CONSTRAINT) 2)从表中删除该键:
ALTER TABLE TABLE_OWNING_CONSTRAINT DROP CONSTRAINT FK_PROBLEM_REASON
3)截断招聘表
TRUNCATE TABLE TABLE_TO_TRUNCATE
4)重新添加第一个表的键:
ALTER TABLE TABLE_OWNING_CONSTRAINT ADD CONSTRAINT FK_PROBLEM_REASON FOREIGN KEY(ID) REFERENCES TABLE_TO_TRUNCATE (ID)
就是这样。
正确的;你不能截断一个有FK约束的表。
通常我的处理方法是:
去掉约束 截断表格 重新创建约束。
(当然,这一切都在一笔交易中。)
当然,这只适用于子节点已经被截断的情况。否则,我会走不同的路线,完全取决于我的数据是什么样子的。(变量太多,不便在此赘述。)
最初的海报决定了为什么会这样;更多细节请看这个答案。
因为TRUNCATE TABLE是一个DDL命令,所以它不能检查表中的记录是否被子表中的记录引用。
这就是为什么DELETE有效而TRUNCATE TABLE无效的原因:因为数据库能够确保它没有被另一条记录引用。
你可以按照这个步骤来做, 通过重新播种表,可以删除表中的数据。
delete from table_name
dbcc checkident('table_name',reseed,0)
如果出现错误,则必须重新播种主表。
这是我对这个问题的解决方案。我用它来改变PK,但想法是一样的。希望这将是有用的)
PRINT 'Script starts'
DECLARE @foreign_key_name varchar(255)
DECLARE @keycnt int
DECLARE @foreign_table varchar(255)
DECLARE @foreign_column_1 varchar(255)
DECLARE @foreign_column_2 varchar(255)
DECLARE @primary_table varchar(255)
DECLARE @primary_column_1 varchar(255)
DECLARE @primary_column_2 varchar(255)
DECLARE @TablN varchar(255)
-->> Type the primary table name
SET @TablN = ''
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
--Here will be created the temporary table with all reference FKs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Creating the temporary table'
select cast(f.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_key_name
, r.keycnt
, cast(c.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_table
, cast(fc.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_column_1
, cast(fc2.name as varchar(255)) as foreign_column_2
, cast(p.name as varchar(255)) as primary_table
, cast(rc.name as varchar(255)) as primary_column_1
, cast(rc2.name as varchar(255)) as primary_column_2
into #ConTab
from sysobjects f
inner join sysobjects c on f.parent_obj = c.id
inner join sysreferences r on f.id = r.constid
inner join sysobjects p on r.rkeyid = p.id
inner join syscolumns rc on r.rkeyid = rc.id and r.rkey1 = rc.colid
inner join syscolumns fc on r.fkeyid = fc.id and r.fkey1 = fc.colid
left join syscolumns rc2 on r.rkeyid = rc2.id and r.rkey2 = rc.colid
left join syscolumns fc2 on r.fkeyid = fc2.id and r.fkey2 = fc.colid
where f.type = 'F' and p.name = @TablN
ORDER BY cast(p.name as varchar(255))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Cursor, below, will drop all reference FKs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @CURSOR CURSOR
/*Fill in cursor*/
PRINT 'Cursor 1 starting. All refernce FK will be droped'
SET @CURSOR = CURSOR SCROLL
FOR
select foreign_key_name
, keycnt
, foreign_table
, foreign_column_1
, foreign_column_2
, primary_table
, primary_column_1
, primary_column_2
from #ConTab
OPEN @CURSOR
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
EXEC ('ALTER TABLE ['+@foreign_table+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+@foreign_key_name+']')
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
END
CLOSE @CURSOR
PRINT 'Cursor 1 finished work'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Here you should provide the chainging script for the primary table
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Altering primary table begin'
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
PRINT 'Altering finished'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Cursor, below, will add again all reference FKs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Cursor 2 starting. All refernce FK will added'
SET @CURSOR = CURSOR SCROLL
FOR
select foreign_key_name
, keycnt
, foreign_table
, foreign_column_1
, foreign_column_2
, primary_table
, primary_column_1
, primary_column_2
from #ConTab
OPEN @CURSOR
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [' +@foreign_table+ '] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [' +@foreign_key_name+ '] FOREIGN KEY(['+@foreign_column_1+'])
REFERENCES [' +@primary_table+'] (['+@primary_column_1+'])')
EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [' +@foreign_table+ '] CHECK CONSTRAINT [' +@foreign_key_name+']')
FETCH NEXT FROM @CURSOR INTO @foreign_key_name, @keycnt, @foreign_table, @foreign_column_1, @foreign_column_2,
@primary_table, @primary_column_1, @primary_column_2
END
CLOSE @CURSOR
PRINT 'Cursor 2 finished work'
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PRINT 'Temporary table droping'
drop table #ConTab
PRINT 'Finish'