我怎样才能将我的JS对象转换为FormData?
我这样做的原因是,我有一个用~100个表单字段值构造的对象。
var item = {
description: 'Some Item',
price : '0.00',
srate : '0.00',
color : 'red',
...
...
}
现在我被要求将上传文件功能添加到我的表单,当然,通过JSON是不可能的,所以我计划移动到FormData。那么有什么方法可以将我的JS对象转换为FormData呢?
递归地
const toFormData = (f => f(f))(h => f => f(x => h(h)(f)(x)))(f => fd => pk => d => {
if (d instanceof Object) {
Object.keys(d).forEach(k => {
const v = d[k]
if (pk) k = `${pk}[${k}]`
if (v instanceof Object && !(v instanceof Date) && !(v instanceof File)) {
return f(fd)(k)(v)
} else {
fd.append(k, v)
}
})
}
return fd
})(new FormData())()
let data = {
name: 'John',
age: 30,
colors: ['red', 'green', 'blue'],
children: [
{ name: 'Max', age: 3 },
{ name: 'Madonna', age: 10 }
]
}
console.log('data', data)
document.getElementById("data").insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', JSON.stringify(data))
let formData = toFormData(data)
for (let key of formData.keys()) {
console.log(key, formData.getAll(key).join(','))
document.getElementById("item").insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<li>${key} = ${formData.getAll(key).join(',')}</li>`)
}
<p id="data"></p>
<ul id="item"></ul>
其他的答案对我来说是不完整的。我从@Vladimir Novopashin的回答开始修改。以下是我需要的东西和我发现的bug:
文件支持
支持数组
Bug:复杂对象内的文件需要添加。prop而不是[prop]。例如,formData。附加('照片[0][文件]',文件)不工作在谷歌chrome,而
formData.append('照片[0]。文件',文件)工作
忽略对象中的某些属性
下面的代码应该可以在IE11和常绿浏览器上运行。
function objectToFormData(obj, rootName, ignoreList) {
var formData = new FormData();
function appendFormData(data, root) {
if (!ignore(root)) {
root = root || '';
if (data instanceof File) {
formData.append(root, data);
} else if (Array.isArray(data)) {
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
appendFormData(data[i], root + '[' + i + ']');
}
} else if (typeof data === 'object' && data) {
for (var key in data) {
if (data.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
if (root === '') {
appendFormData(data[key], key);
} else {
appendFormData(data[key], root + '.' + key);
}
}
}
} else {
if (data !== null && typeof data !== 'undefined') {
formData.append(root, data);
}
}
}
}
function ignore(root){
return Array.isArray(ignoreList)
&& ignoreList.some(function(x) { return x === root; });
}
appendFormData(obj, rootName);
return formData;
}
2022年更新
Axios现在支持将对象自动序列化为FormData
从0.27版开始,如果请求的Content-Type报头被设置为multipart/form-data, Axios就支持将对象自动序列化为FormData对象。阅读更多
嵌套对象和文件
下面的解决方案处理嵌套对象、数组和文件。
const buildFormData = (formData: FormData, data: FormVal, parentKey?: string) => {
if (Array.isArray(data)) {
data.forEach((el) => {
buildFormData(formData, el, parentKey)
})
} else if (typeof data === "object" && !(data instanceof File)) {
Object.keys(data).forEach((key) => {
buildFormData(formData, (data as FormDataNest)[key], parentKey ? `${parentKey}.${key}` : key)
})
} else {
if (isNil(data)) {
return
}
let value = typeof data === "boolean" || typeof data === "number" ? data.toString() : data
formData.append(parentKey as string, value)
}
}
export const getFormData = (data: Record<string, FormDataNest>) => {
const formData = new FormData()
buildFormData(formData, data)
return formData
}
类型
type FormDataPrimitive = string | Blob | number | boolean
interface FormDataNest {
[x: string]: FormVal
}
type FormVal = FormDataNest | FormDataPrimitive
递归地
const toFormData = (f => f(f))(h => f => f(x => h(h)(f)(x)))(f => fd => pk => d => {
if (d instanceof Object) {
Object.keys(d).forEach(k => {
const v = d[k]
if (pk) k = `${pk}[${k}]`
if (v instanceof Object && !(v instanceof Date) && !(v instanceof File)) {
return f(fd)(k)(v)
} else {
fd.append(k, v)
}
})
}
return fd
})(new FormData())()
let data = {
name: 'John',
age: 30,
colors: ['red', 'green', 'blue'],
children: [
{ name: 'Max', age: 3 },
{ name: 'Madonna', age: 10 }
]
}
console.log('data', data)
document.getElementById("data").insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', JSON.stringify(data))
let formData = toFormData(data)
for (let key of formData.keys()) {
console.log(key, formData.getAll(key).join(','))
document.getElementById("item").insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<li>${key} = ${formData.getAll(key).join(',')}</li>`)
}
<p id="data"></p>
<ul id="item"></ul>
使用ES6和更函数式的编程方法@adeneo的答案可能是这样的:
function getFormData(object) {
const formData = new FormData();
Object.keys(object).forEach(key => formData.append(key, object[key]));
return formData;
}
或者使用.reduce()和箭头函数:
const getFormData = object => Object.keys(object).reduce((formData, key) => {
formData.append(key, object[key]);
return formData;
}, new FormData());