无法安装gem -未能建立gem本地扩展-无法加载这样的文件——mkmf (LoadError)

Ruby 1.9.3

Gemfile的部分

#...............
gem "pony"
gem "bcrypt-ruby", :require => "bcrypt"
gem "nokogiri" 
#..................

当我试图安装宝石时，我得到一个错误

alex@ubuntu:~/$ bundle
Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/.........
Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/..
Enter your password to install the bundled RubyGems to your system: 
#####............................................................
Installing bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1) with native extensions 
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
        from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
        from extconf.rb:36:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install bcrypt-ruby -v '3.0.1'` succeeds before bundling.

然后我做这个

sudo gem install bcrypt-ruby -v '3.0.1'
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing bcrypt-ruby:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
        from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
        from extconf.rb:36:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out

也会得到一个错误。

我错过了什么?

当前回答

如果你是mac用户，你必须更新正在使用的clang版本我花了几个小时搜索这个，并安装了已卸载的xcode命令行工具，但它没有帮助。我运行gcc -v和Apple clang版本11.0.0 (clang-1100.0.33.8是输出。然后我运行xcode-select -s /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/， clang版本更新为Apple clang版本12.0.0 (clang-1200.0.32.29)。 Bundle安装之后就成功了。我希望这能有所帮助。

2021-03-03 23:35:13

其他回答

还有类似的问题:

' require':没有这样的文件加载——mkmf (LoadError) 构建gem本地扩展失败(mkmf (LoadError)) - Ubuntu 12.04

通常，解决方案是:

sudo apt-get install ruby-dev

或者，如果这不起作用，根据你的ruby版本，运行如下代码:

sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev

应该能解决你的问题。

还是不行?安装ruby-dev后尝试以下操作:

sudo apt-get install make

2012-12-07 17:13:20

在经历了几个小时的痛苦后，我终于找到了工作。

如果你正在运行brew..

brew install ruby

在终端输出/日志中，确定ruby安装的路径，brew建议“您可能想要将此添加到您的path”，所以这就是我们要做的。例如，我的是

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/bin

通过运行(省略大括号)将其添加到路径中

echo 'export PATH"{the_path_you_found_above}:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

然后通过运行更新环境

source ~/.bash_profile

现在，尝试运行您的安装，即，

sudo gem install middleman

2021-01-22 07:09:05

我在安装jquery-rails时也遇到了同样的问题。解决办法是

sudo apt-get install zlibc zlib1g zlib1g-dev

2015-11-11 04:31:51

它还有助于确保libmysqlclient-dev已安装(Ubuntu 14.04)

2015-12-10 21:45:02

确保安装了ruby-dev 确保安装了Make 如果仍然得到错误，请查找建议的包。如果你想安装gem install pg，你还需要安装lib libpq-dev (sudo apt-get install libpq-dev)。

2015-05-29 05:21:11

无法安装gem -未能建立gem本地扩展-无法加载这样的文件——mkmf (LoadError)

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