是否有任何类,库或一些代码片段,将帮助我上传文件与HTTPWebrequest?

编辑2:

我不想上传到WebDAV文件夹或类似的东西。我想模拟一个浏览器,就像你上传你的头像到一个论坛或通过一个web应用程序中的表单上传一个文件。上传到一个使用multipart/form-data的表单。

编辑:

WebClient不覆盖我的需求,所以我正在寻找一个解决方案与HTTPWebrequest。


当前回答

修改了@CristianRomanescu代码,以使用内存流,接受文件作为字节数组,允许空nvc,返回请求响应和使用授权头。使用Web Api 2测试代码。

private string HttpUploadFile(string url, byte[] file, string fileName, string paramName, string contentType, NameValueCollection nvc, string authorizationHeader)
{
    string boundary = "---------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");
    byte[] boundarybytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");

    HttpWebRequest wr = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
    wr.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
    wr.Method = "POST";
    wr.Headers.Add("Authorization", authorizationHeader);
    wr.KeepAlive = true;

    Stream rs = wr.GetRequestStream();

    string formdataTemplate = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"\r\n\r\n{1}";
    if (nvc != null)
    {
        foreach (string key in nvc.Keys)
        {
            rs.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);
            string formitem = string.Format(formdataTemplate, key, nvc[key]);
            byte[] formitembytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(formitem);
            rs.Write(formitembytes, 0, formitembytes.Length);
        }
    }

    rs.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);

    string headerTemplate = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"\r\nContent-Type: {2}\r\n\r\n";
    string header = string.Format(headerTemplate, paramName, fileName, contentType);
    byte[] headerbytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(header);
    rs.Write(headerbytes, 0, headerbytes.Length);

    rs.Write(file, 0, file.Length);

    byte[] trailer = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");
    rs.Write(trailer, 0, trailer.Length);
    rs.Close();

    WebResponse wresp = null;
    try
    {
        wresp = wr.GetResponse();
        Stream stream2 = wresp.GetResponseStream();
        StreamReader reader2 = new StreamReader(stream2);
        var response = reader2.ReadToEnd();
        return response;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        if (wresp != null)
        {
            wresp.Close();
            wresp = null;
        }
        return null;
    }
    finally
    {
        wr = null;
    }
}

Testcode:

[HttpPost]
[Route("postformdata")]
public IHttpActionResult PostFormData()
{
    // Check if the request contains multipart/form-data.
    if (!Request.Content.IsMimeMultipartContent())
    {
        throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.UnsupportedMediaType);
    }

    var provider = new MultipartMemoryStreamProvider();

    try
    {
        // Read the form data.
        var result = Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(provider).Result;
        string response = "";
        // This illustrates how to get the file names.
        foreach (var file in provider.Contents)
        {
            var fileName = file.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName.Trim('\"');
            var buffer =  file.ReadAsByteArrayAsync().Result;
            response = HttpUploadFile("https://localhost/api/v1/createfromfile", buffer, fileName, "file", "application/pdf", null, "AuthorizationKey");
        }
        return Ok(response);
    }
    catch (System.Exception e)
    {
        return InternalServerError();
    }
}

其他回答

这不需要外部代码、扩展和“低级”HTTP操作(只需要NuGet中的Microsoft.Net.Http包)。这里有一个例子:

// Perform the equivalent of posting a form with a filename and two files, in HTML:
// <form action="{url}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
//     <input type="text" name="filename" />
//     <input type="file" name="file1" />
//     <input type="file" name="file2" />
// </form>
private async Task<System.IO.Stream> UploadAsync(string url, string filename, Stream fileStream, byte [] fileBytes)
{
    // Convert each of the three inputs into HttpContent objects

    HttpContent stringContent = new StringContent(filename);
    // examples of converting both Stream and byte [] to HttpContent objects
    // representing input type file
    HttpContent fileStreamContent = new StreamContent(fileStream);
    HttpContent bytesContent = new ByteArrayContent(fileBytes);

    // Submit the form using HttpClient and 
    // create form data as Multipart (enctype="multipart/form-data")

    using (var client = new HttpClient())
    using (var formData = new MultipartFormDataContent()) 
    {
        // Add the HttpContent objects to the form data

        // <input type="text" name="filename" />
        formData.Add(stringContent, "filename", "filename");
        // <input type="file" name="file1" />
        formData.Add(fileStreamContent, "file1", "file1");
        // <input type="file" name="file2" />
        formData.Add(bytesContent, "file2", "file2");

        // Invoke the request to the server

        // equivalent to pressing the submit button on
        // a form with attributes (action="{url}" method="post")
        var response = await client.PostAsync(url, formData);

        // ensure the request was a success
        if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            return null;
        }
        return await response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync();
    }
}

我的ASP。NET上传常见问题解答中有一篇关于这方面的文章,有示例代码:使用HttpWebRequest/WebClient的RFC 1867 POST请求上传文件。此代码不将文件加载到内存中(与上面的代码相反),支持多个文件,并支持表单值、设置凭据和cookie等。

编辑:看起来好像是Axosoft把这个页面删除了。谢谢你的家伙。

它仍然可以通过archive.org访问。

这里有另一个我的评论的工作示例:

        List<MimePart> mimeParts = new List<MimePart>();

        try
        {
            foreach (string key in form.AllKeys)
            {
                StringMimePart part = new StringMimePart();

                part.Headers["Content-Disposition"] = "form-data; name=\"" + key + "\"";
                part.StringData = form[key];

                mimeParts.Add(part);
            }

            int nameIndex = 0;

            foreach (UploadFile file in files)
            {
                StreamMimePart part = new StreamMimePart();

                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(file.FieldName))
                    file.FieldName = "file" + nameIndex++;

                part.Headers["Content-Disposition"] = "form-data; name=\"" + file.FieldName + "\"; filename=\"" + file.FileName + "\"";
                part.Headers["Content-Type"] = file.ContentType;

                part.SetStream(file.Data);

                mimeParts.Add(part);
            }

            string boundary = "----------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");

            req.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
            req.Method = "POST";

            long contentLength = 0;

            byte[] _footer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("--" + boundary + "--\r\n");

            foreach (MimePart part in mimeParts)
            {
                contentLength += part.GenerateHeaderFooterData(boundary);
            }

            req.ContentLength = contentLength + _footer.Length;

            byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
            byte[] afterFile = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n");
            int read;

            using (Stream s = req.GetRequestStream())
            {
                foreach (MimePart part in mimeParts)
                {
                    s.Write(part.Header, 0, part.Header.Length);

                    while ((read = part.Data.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
                        s.Write(buffer, 0, read);

                    part.Data.Dispose();

                    s.Write(afterFile, 0, afterFile.Length);
                }

                s.Write(_footer, 0, _footer.Length);
            }

            return (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
        }
        catch
        {
            foreach (MimePart part in mimeParts)
                if (part.Data != null)
                    part.Data.Dispose();

            throw;
        }

这里有一个使用的例子:

            UploadFile[] files = new UploadFile[] 
            { 
                new UploadFile(@"C:\2.jpg","new_file","image/jpeg") //new_file is id of upload field
            };

            NameValueCollection form = new NameValueCollection();

            form["id_hidden_input"] = "value_hidden_inpu"; //there is additional param (hidden fields on page)


            HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(full URL of action);

            // set credentials/cookies etc. 
            req.CookieContainer = hrm.CookieContainer; //hrm is my class. i copied all cookies from last request to current (for auth)
            HttpWebResponse resp = HttpUploadHelper.Upload(req, files, form);

            using (Stream s = resp.GetResponseStream())
            using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(s))
            {
                string response = sr.ReadToEnd();
            }
             //profit!

类似这样的代码很接近:(未测试的代码)

byte[] data; // data goes here.

HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Credentials = userNetworkCredentials;
request.Method = "PUT";
request.ContentType = "application/octet-stream";
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream();
stream.Write(data,0,data.Length);
stream.Close();
response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream());
temp = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();

采取以上和修改它接受一些头值,和多个文件

    NameValueCollection headers = new NameValueCollection();
        headers.Add("Cookie", "name=value;");
        headers.Add("Referer", "http://google.com");
    NameValueCollection nvc = new NameValueCollection();
        nvc.Add("name", "value");

    HttpUploadFile(url, new string[] { "c:\\file1.txt", "c:\\file2.jpg" }, new string[] { "file", "image" }, new string[] { "application/octet-stream", "image/jpeg" }, nvc, headers);

public static void HttpUploadFile(string url, string[] file, string[] paramName, string[] contentType, NameValueCollection nvc, NameValueCollection headerItems)
{
    //log.Debug(string.Format("Uploading {0} to {1}", file, url));
    string boundary = "---------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");
    byte[] boundarybytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");

    HttpWebRequest wr = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);

    foreach (string key in headerItems.Keys)
    {
        if (key == "Referer")
        {
            wr.Referer = headerItems[key];
        }
        else
        {
            wr.Headers.Add(key, headerItems[key]);
        }
    }

    wr.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
    wr.Method = "POST";
    wr.KeepAlive = true;
    wr.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;

    Stream rs = wr.GetRequestStream();

    string formdataTemplate = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"\r\n\r\n{1}";
    foreach (string key in nvc.Keys)
    {
        rs.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);
        string formitem = string.Format(formdataTemplate, key, nvc[key]);
        byte[] formitembytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(formitem);
        rs.Write(formitembytes, 0, formitembytes.Length);
    }
    rs.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);

    string headerTemplate = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"\r\nContent-Type: {2}\r\n\r\n";
    string header = "";

    for(int i =0; i<file.Count();i++)
    {
        header = string.Format(headerTemplate, paramName[i], System.IO.Path.GetFileName(file[i]), contentType[i]);
        byte[] headerbytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(header);
        rs.Write(headerbytes, 0, headerbytes.Length);

        FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(file[i], FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
        int bytesRead = 0;
        while ((bytesRead = fileStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) != 0)
        {
            rs.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
        }
        fileStream.Close();
        rs.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);
    }
    rs.Close();

    WebResponse wresp = null;
    try
    {
        wresp = wr.GetResponse();
        Stream stream2 = wresp.GetResponseStream();
        StreamReader reader2 = new StreamReader(stream2);
        //log.Debug(string.Format("File uploaded, server response is: {0}", reader2.ReadToEnd()));
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        //log.Error("Error uploading file", ex);
            wresp.Close();
            wresp = null;
    }
    finally
    {
        wr = null;
    }
}