我提供了另一个答案，因为这里没有一个答案是针对从测试包加载资源的。如果您正在使用一个输出JSON的远程服务，并且希望在不触及实际服务的情况下对解析结果进行单元测试，则可以获取一个或多个响应，并将它们放入项目中的Tests文件夹中的文件中。

func testCanReadTestJSONFile() {
    let path = NSBundle(forClass: ForecastIOAdapterTests.self).pathForResource("ForecastIOSample", ofType: "json")
    if let jsonData = NSData(contentsOfFile:path!) {
        let json = JSON(data: jsonData)
        if let currentTemperature = json["currently"]["temperature"].double {
            println("json: \(json)")
            XCTAssertGreaterThan(currentTemperature, 0)
        }
    }
}

这也使用了SwiftyJSON，但获得测试包和加载文件的核心逻辑是问题的答案。

Swift 3.0, Xcode 8, iOS 10

 if let path = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "person", withExtension: "json") {

        do {
            let jsonData = try Data(contentsOf: path, options: .mappedIfSafe)
            do {
                if let jsonResult = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: jsonData, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions(rawValue: 0)) as? NSDictionary {
                    if let personArray = jsonResult.value(forKey: "person") as? NSArray {
                        for (_, element) in personArray.enumerated() {
                            if let element = element as? NSDictionary {
                                let name = element.value(forKey: "name") as! String
                                let age = element.value(forKey: "age") as! String
                                let employed = element.value(forKey: "employed") as! String
                                print("Name: \(name),  age: \(age), employed: \(employed)")
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            } catch let error as NSError {
                print("Error: \(error)")
            }
        } catch let error as NSError {
            print("Error: \(error)")
        }
    }

输出:

Name: Bob,  age: 16, employed: No
Name: Vinny,  age: 56, employed: Yes

Swift 4 JSON类与可解码-为那些喜欢类

定义类如下:

class People: Decodable {
  var person: [Person]?

  init(fileName : String){
    // url, data and jsonData should not be nil
    guard let url = Bundle.main.url(forResource: fileName, withExtension: "json") else { return }
    guard let data = try? Data(contentsOf: url) else { return }
    guard let jsonData = try? JSONDecoder().decode(People.self, from: data) else { return }

    // assigns the value to [person]
    person = jsonData.person
  }
}

class Person : Decodable {
  var name: String
  var age: String
  var employed: String
}

用法，非常抽象:

let people = People(fileName: "people")
let personArray = people.person

这允许People类和Person类的方法，如果需要，变量(属性)和方法也可以标记为private。

斯威夫特4。X和5。x使用可解码

struct ResponseData: Decodable {
    var person: [Person]
}
struct Person : Decodable {
    var name: String
    var age: String
    var employed: String
}

func loadJson(filename fileName: String) -> [Person]? {
    if let url = Bundle.main.url(forResource: fileName, withExtension: "json") {
        do {
            let data = try Data(contentsOf: url)
            let decoder = JSONDecoder()
            let jsonData = try decoder.decode(ResponseData.self, from: data)
            return jsonData.person
        } catch {
            print("error:\(error)")
        }
    }
    return nil
}

斯威夫特3

func loadJson(filename fileName: String) -> [String: AnyObject]? {
    if let url = Bundle.main.url(forResource: fileName, withExtension: "json") {
        do {
            let data = try Data(contentsOf: url)
            let object = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .allowFragments)
            if let dictionary = object as? [String: AnyObject] {
                return dictionary
            }
        } catch {
            print("Error!! Unable to parse  \(fileName).json")
        }
    }
    return nil
}

Swift 2.1答案(基于Abhishek):

    if let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("test", ofType: "json") {
        do {
            let jsonData = try NSData(contentsOfFile: path, options: NSDataReadingOptions.DataReadingMappedIfSafe)
            do {
                let jsonResult: NSDictionary = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(jsonData, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers) as! NSDictionary
                if let people : [NSDictionary] = jsonResult["person"] as? [NSDictionary] {
                    for person: NSDictionary in people {
                        for (name,value) in person {
                            print("\(name) , \(value)")
                        }
                    }
                }
            } catch {}
        } catch {}
    }

为Swift 3更新了最安全的方式

    private func readLocalJsonFile() {

    if let urlPath = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "test", withExtension: "json") {

        do {
            let jsonData = try Data(contentsOf: urlPath, options: .mappedIfSafe)

            if let jsonDict = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: jsonData, options: .mutableContainers) as? [String: AnyObject] {

                if let personArray = jsonDict["person"] as? [[String: AnyObject]] {

                    for personDict in personArray {

                        for (key, value) in personDict {

                            print(key, value)
                        }
                        print("\n")
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        catch let jsonError {
            print(jsonError)
        }
    }
}