您可以使用这些步骤将密钥导入到现有的密钥存储库。这些说明结合了这个帖子和其他网站的答案。这些指令对我来说是有效的(java密钥库):

运行

Openssl pkcs12 -export -in你的服务器。CRT -inkey你的钥匙。密钥输出服务器。P12 -name someename -certfile yourca. xmlCRT -caname根

(如果需要，使用-chain选项。这样做对我来说失败了)。 这将要求密码-您必须提供正确的密码，否则将得到一个错误 (标题错误或填充错误等)。

It will ask you to enter a new password - you must enter a password here - enter anything but remember it. (Let us assume you enter Aragorn). This will create the server.p12 file in the pkcs format. Now to import it into the *.jks file run: keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore server.p12 -srcstoretype PKCS12 -destkeystore yourexistingjavakeystore.jks -deststoretype JKS -deststorepass existingjavastorepassword -destkeypass existingjavastorepassword (Very important - do not leave out the deststorepass and the destkeypass parameters.) It will ask you for the src key store password. Enter Aragorn and hit enter. The certificate and key is now imported into your existing java keystore.

根据上面的答案，下面是如何为你的基于java的web服务器创建一个全新的密钥存储库，使用keytool独立创建一个Comodo证书和私钥(需要JDK 1.6+)

Issue this command and at the password prompt enter somepass - 'server.crt' is your server's cert and 'server.key' is the private key you used for issuing the CSR: openssl pkcs12 -export -in server.crt -inkey server.key -out server.p12 -name www.yourdomain.com -CAfile AddTrustExternalCARoot.crt -caname "AddTrust External CA Root" Then use keytool to convert the p12 keystore into a jks keystore: keytool -importkeystore -deststorepass somepass -destkeypass somepass -destkeystore keystore.jks -srckeystore server.p12 -srcstoretype PKCS12 -srcstorepass somepass

然后导入你从Comodo收到的另外两个根/中间证书:

进口COMODORSAAddTrustCA.crt: keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias cert1 -file COMODORSAAddTrustCA. exeCRT -keystore keystore.jks 进口COMODORSADomainValidationSecureServerCA.crt: keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias cert2 -file COMODORSADomainValidationSecureServerCA. txtCRT -keystore keystore.jks

是的，keytool没有导入私钥的功能，这确实是一个可悲的事实。

在最后，我使用了这里描述的解决方案

信不信由你，keytool并没有提供像将私钥导入keystore这样的基本功能。您可以尝试将PKSC12文件与私钥合并到keystore中:

keytool -importkeystore \
  -deststorepass storepassword \
  -destkeypass keypassword \
  -destkeystore my-keystore.jks \
  -srckeystore cert-and-key.p12 \
  -srcstoretype PKCS12 \
  -srcstorepass p12password \
  -alias 1

或者使用IBM的更友好的KeyMan来处理密钥库，而不是keytool。

还有一点:

#!/bin/bash

# We have:
#
# 1) $KEY : Secret key in PEM format ("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----") 
# 2) $LEAFCERT : Certificate for secret key obtained from some
#    certification outfit, also in PEM format ("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----")   
# 3) $CHAINCERT : Intermediate certificate linking $LEAFCERT to a trusted
#    Self-Signed Root CA Certificate 
#
# We want to create a fresh Java "keystore" $TARGET_KEYSTORE with the
# password $TARGET_STOREPW, to be used by Tomcat for HTTPS Connector.
#
# The keystore must contain: $KEY, $LEAFCERT, $CHAINCERT
# The Self-Signed Root CA Certificate is obtained by Tomcat from the
# JDK's truststore in /etc/pki/java/cacerts

# The non-APR HTTPS connector (APR uses OpenSSL-like configuration, much
# easier than this) in server.xml looks like this 
# (See: https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/ssl-howto.html):
#
#  <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol"
#                SSLEnabled="true"
#                maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"
#                clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"
#                keystoreFile="/etc/tomcat6/etl-web.keystore.jks"
#                keystorePass="changeit" />
#

# Let's roll:    

TARGET_KEYSTORE=/etc/tomcat6/foo-server.keystore.jks
TARGET_STOREPW=changeit

TLS=/etc/pki/tls

KEY=$TLS/private/httpd/foo-server.example.com.key
LEAFCERT=$TLS/certs/httpd/foo-server.example.com.pem
CHAINCERT=$TLS/certs/httpd/chain.cert.pem

# ----
# Create PKCS#12 file to import using keytool later
# ----

# From https://www.sslshopper.com/ssl-converter.html:
# The PKCS#12 or PFX format is a binary format for storing the server certificate,
# any intermediate certificates, and the private key in one encryptable file. PFX
# files usually have extensions such as .pfx and .p12. PFX files are typically used 
# on Windows machines to import and export certificates and private keys.

TMPPW=$$ # Some random password

PKCS12FILE=`mktemp`

if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
  echo "Creation of temporary PKCS12 file failed -- exiting" >&2; exit 1
fi

TRANSITFILE=`mktemp`

if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
  echo "Creation of temporary transit file failed -- exiting" >&2; exit 1
fi

cat "$KEY" "$LEAFCERT" > "$TRANSITFILE"

openssl pkcs12 -export -passout "pass:$TMPPW" -in "$TRANSITFILE" -name etl-web > "$PKCS12FILE"

/bin/rm "$TRANSITFILE"

# Print out result for fun! Bug in doc (I think): "-pass " arg does not work, need "-passin"

openssl pkcs12 -passin "pass:$TMPPW" -passout "pass:$TMPPW" -in "$PKCS12FILE" -info

# ----
# Import contents of PKCS12FILE into a Java keystore. WTF, Sun, what were you thinking?
# ----

if [[ -f "$TARGET_KEYSTORE" ]]; then
  /bin/rm "$TARGET_KEYSTORE"
fi

keytool -importkeystore \
   -deststorepass  "$TARGET_STOREPW" \
   -destkeypass    "$TARGET_STOREPW" \
   -destkeystore   "$TARGET_KEYSTORE" \
   -srckeystore    "$PKCS12FILE" \
   -srcstoretype  PKCS12 \
   -srcstorepass  "$TMPPW" \
   -alias foo-the-server

/bin/rm "$PKCS12FILE"

# ----
# Import the chain certificate. This works empirically, it is not at all clear from the doc whether this is correct
# ----

echo "Importing chain"

TT=-trustcacerts

keytool -import $TT -storepass "$TARGET_STOREPW" -file "$CHAINCERT" -keystore "$TARGET_KEYSTORE" -alias chain

# ----
# Print contents
# ----

echo "Listing result"

keytool -list -storepass "$TARGET_STOREPW" -keystore "$TARGET_KEYSTORE"

如果您在单个.pem文件中收到了组合的证书和密钥，就像MongoDB Atlas的身份验证一样，那么，

使用文本编辑器打开pem文件，将其拆分为两个文件，例如cert.pem和key。Pem(你可以在文件中很清楚地进行分割)，然后使用openssl命令创建一个单独的p12格式文件，如下所示:

 openssl pkcs12 -export -out server.p12 -name test\
 -in cert.pem -inkey key.pem

我使用的是Java 8，至少在Java 8或更高版本中，生成的p12 (server.p12)现在是keystore文件，因此如果不需要向它添加任何certs，您可以直接使用它，而不需要使用keytool。