我有两门课。我的主活动和一个扩展AsyncTask,现在在我的主活动中,我需要从AsyncTask中的OnPostExecute()获得结果。如何将结果传递给我的主活动?

下面是示例代码。

我的主要活动。

public class MainActivity extends Activity{

    AasyncTask asyncTask = new AasyncTask();

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle aBundle) {
        super.onCreate(aBundle);            

        //Calling the AsyncTask class to start to execute.  
        asyncTask.execute(a.targetServer); 

        //Creating a TextView.
        TextView displayUI = asyncTask.dataDisplay;
        displayUI = new TextView(this);
        this.setContentView(tTextView); 
    }

}

这是AsyncTask类

public class AasyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {

TextView dataDisplay; //store the data  
String soapAction = "http://sample.com"; //SOAPAction header line. 
String targetServer = "https://sampletargeturl.com"; //Target Server.

//SOAP Request.
String soapRequest = "<sample XML request>";    



@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... string) {

String responseStorage = null; //storage of the response

try {


    //Uses URL and HttpURLConnection for server connection. 
    URL targetURL = new URL(targetServer);
    HttpURLConnection httpCon = (HttpURLConnection) targetURL.openConnection();
    httpCon.setDoOutput(true);
    httpCon.setDoInput(true);
    httpCon.setUseCaches(false); 
    httpCon.setChunkedStreamingMode(0);

    //properties of SOAPAction header
    httpCon.addRequestProperty("SOAPAction", soapAction);
    httpCon.addRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=utf-8"); 
    httpCon.addRequestProperty("Content-Length", "" + soapRequest.length());
    httpCon.setRequestMethod(HttpPost.METHOD_NAME);


    //sending request to the server.
    OutputStream outputStream = httpCon.getOutputStream(); 
    Writer writer = new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream);
    writer.write(soapRequest);
    writer.flush();
    writer.close();


    //getting the response from the server
    InputStream inputStream = httpCon.getInputStream(); 
    BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
    ByteArrayBuffer byteArrayBuffer = new ByteArrayBuffer(50);

    int intResponse = httpCon.getResponseCode();

    while ((intResponse = bufferedReader.read()) != -1) {
        byteArrayBuffer.append(intResponse);
    }

    responseStorage = new String(byteArrayBuffer.toByteArray()); 

    } catch (Exception aException) {
    responseStorage = aException.getMessage(); 
    }
    return responseStorage;
}

protected void onPostExecute(String result) {

    aTextView.setText(result);

}       

}   

当前回答

你可以调用AsyncTask的get()方法(或者重载的get(long, TimeUnit))。此方法将阻塞,直到AsyncTask完成它的工作,此时它将返回Result。

在创建/启动异步任务和调用get方法之间做其他工作是明智的,否则你不能非常有效地利用异步任务。

其他回答

你可以在几行中完成,只是在调用AsyncTask时覆盖onPostExecute。这里有一个例子:

new AasyncTask()
{
    @Override public void onPostExecute(String result)
    {
       // do whatever you want with result 
    }
}.execute(a.targetServer);

我希望这对你有帮助,编码快乐:)

在Activity类中创建一个静态成员。然后在onPostExecute期间分配该值

例如,如果你的AsyncTask的结果是一个字符串,在你的Activity中创建一个公共静态字符串

datfromasynctask;

然后,在AsyncTask的onPostExecute中,简单地对主类进行静态调用并设置值。

MainActivity。dataFromAsyncTask = "result blah";

这个答案可能晚了,但我想提到一些事情,当你的活动依赖于AsyncTask。这将帮助您防止崩溃和内存管理。正如上面已经提到的,我们也称它们为回调。它们将作为一个通知器工作,但永远不会发送活动的强引用或接口总是使用弱引用在这些情况下。

请参考下面的截图,以了解如何导致问题。

正如你所看到的,如果我们用一个强引用启动AsyncTask,那么在我们获得数据之前,并不能保证我们的Activity/Fragment将是活的,所以在这些情况下使用WeakReference会更好,这也将有助于内存管理,因为我们永远不会持有我们的Activity的强引用,那么它将有资格在它扭曲后进行垃圾收集。

查看下面的代码片段,了解如何使用强大的WeakReference -

java接口,将作为一个通知器工作。

public interface MyTaskInformer {

    void onTaskDone(String output);

}

MySmallAsyncTask.java AsyncTask做长时间运行的任务,这将使用WeakReference。

public class MySmallAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {

    // ***** Hold weak reference *****
    private WeakReference<MyTaskInformer> mCallBack;

    public MySmallAsyncTask(MyTaskInformer callback) {
        this.mCallBack = new WeakReference<>(callback);
    }

    @Override
    protected String doInBackground(String... params) {

        // Here do whatever your task is like reading/writing file
        // or read data from your server or any other heavy task

        // Let us suppose here you get response, just return it
        final String output = "Any out, mine is just demo output";

        // Return it from here to post execute
        return output;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
        super.onPostExecute(s);

        // Here you can't guarantee that Activity/Fragment is alive who started this AsyncTask

        // Make sure your caller is active

        final MyTaskInformer callBack = mCallBack.get();

        if(callBack != null) {
            callBack.onTaskDone(s);
        }
    }
}

这个类用于在这个类上启动我的AsyncTask实现接口,并覆盖这个强制方法。

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements MyTaskInformer {

    private TextView mMyTextView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        mMyTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_text_view);

        // Start your AsyncTask and pass reference of MyTaskInformer in constructor
        new MySmallAsyncTask(this).execute();
    }

    @Override
    public void onTaskDone(String output) {

        // Here you will receive output only if your Activity is alive.
        // no need to add checks like if(!isFinishing())

        mMyTextView.setText(output);
    }
}

可能有点过分了,但我为执行代码和结果都提供了回调。显然,为了线程安全,你要小心你在执行回调中访问的内容。

AsyncTask实现:

public class AsyncDbCall<ExecuteType,ResultType> extends AsyncTask<ExecuteType, Void,  
ResultType>
{
    public interface ExecuteCallback<E, R>
    {
        public R execute(E executeInput);
    }
    public interface PostExecuteCallback<R>
    {
        public void finish(R result);
    }

    private PostExecuteCallback<ResultType> _resultCallback = null;
    private ExecuteCallback<ExecuteType,ResultType> _executeCallback = null;


    AsyncDbCall(ExecuteCallback<ExecuteType,ResultType> executeCallback, PostExecuteCallback<ResultType> postExecuteCallback)
    {
        _resultCallback = postExecuteCallback;
        _executeCallback = executeCallback;
    }

    AsyncDbCall(ExecuteCallback<ExecuteType,ResultType> executeCallback)
    {
        _executeCallback = executeCallback;
    }

    @Override
    protected ResultType doInBackground(final ExecuteType... params)
    {
        return  _executeCallback.execute(params[0]);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(ResultType result)
    {
        if(_resultCallback != null)
            _resultCallback.finish(result);
    }
}

一个回调:

 AsyncDbCall.ExecuteCallback<Device, Device> updateDeviceCallback = new 
 AsyncDbCall.ExecuteCallback<Device, Device>()
    {
        @Override
        public Device execute(Device device)
        {
            deviceDao.updateDevice(device);
            return device;
        }
    };

最后执行异步任务:

 new AsyncDbCall<>(addDeviceCallback, resultCallback).execute(device);

在Oncreate()中:

`

myTask.execute("url");
String result = "";
try {
      result = myTask.get().toString();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
      // TODO Auto-generated catch block
      e.printStackTrace();
}catch (ExecutionException e) {
      // TODO Auto-generated catch block
      e.printStackTrace();

}`