通过@Meyi扩展答案

final variable can only be set once and it is initialized when accessed.(for example from code section below if you use the value of biggestNumberOndice only then the value will be initialized and memory will be assigned). const is internally final in nature but the main difference is that its compile time constant which is initialized during compilation even if you don't use its value it will get initialized and will take space in memory. Variable from classes can be final but not constant and if you want a constant at class level make it static const.

代码:

void main() {

    // final demonstration
    final biggestNumberOndice = '6';
    //  biggestNumberOndice = '8';     // Throws an error for reinitialization

    // const
    const smallestNumberOnDice = 1;

}

class TestClass {

    final biggestNumberOndice = '6';

    //const smallestNumberOnDice = 1;  //Throws an error
    //Error .  only static fields can be declared as constants.

    static const smallestNumberOnDice = 1;
}

dart的网站上有一个帖子，解释得很好。

最后:

"final"表示单赋值:final变量或字段必须有初始化式。一旦赋值，最终变量的值就不能更改。Final修改变量。

常量:

“const”在Dart中有一个更复杂和微妙的含义。Const用于修改值。你可以在创建集合时使用它，比如const[1,2,3]，也可以在构造对象(而不是new)时使用它，比如const Point(2,3)。在这里，const意味着对象的整个深度状态可以完全在编译时确定，对象将被冻结并且完全不可变。

Const对象有几个有趣的属性和限制:

它们必须从可以在编译时计算的数据中创建。const对象不能访问运行时计算所需的任何内容。1 + 2是一个有效的const表达式，但new DateTime.now()不是。

它们是深刻的、传递的不可变的。如果final字段包含一个集合，则该集合仍然可以是可变的。如果你有一个const集合，它里面的所有东西也必须是const，递归地。

它们被规范化了。这有点像字符串实习:对于任何给定的const值，无论对const表达式求值多少次，都会创建一个const对象并重新使用。

那么，这意味着什么呢?

Const: If the value you have is computed at runtime (new DateTime.now(), for example), you can not use a const for it. However, if the value is known at compile time (const a = 1;), then you should use const over final. There are 2 other large differences between const and final. Firstly, if you're using const inside a class, you have to declare it as static const rather than just const. Secondly, if you have a const collection, everything inside of that is in const. If you have a final collection, everything inside of that is not final.

最后: 如果在编译时不知道Final的值，则应该在const上使用Final，并且它将在运行时计算/获取。如果你想要一个不可更改的HTTP响应，如果你想从数据库中获取一些东西，或者如果你想从本地文件中读取，请使用final。编译时不知道的任何东西都应该在const上使用final。

话虽如此，const和final都不能被重赋，但final对象中的字段，只要它们本身不是const或final，就可以被重赋(不像const)。

你不能使用final对象初始化const对象。例如:

  final myConst = 1;
  const myFinal = 2;

  final a = myConst; // possible
  final b = myFinal; // possible
  const c = myConst; // this is not possible
  const d = myFinal; // possible

dart中的Final和const很容易混淆，以至于我们认为它们是相同的。

让我们来看看它们的区别:

附注:我包括图像而不是文本，因为我不能将信息制成表格 在Stackoverflow .md格式轻松。

通过@Meyi扩展答案

final variable can only be set once and it is initialized when accessed.(for example from code section below if you use the value of biggestNumberOndice only then the value will be initialized and memory will be assigned). const is internally final in nature but the main difference is that its compile time constant which is initialized during compilation even if you don't use its value it will get initialized and will take space in memory. Variable from classes can be final but not constant and if you want a constant at class level make it static const.

代码:

void main() {

    // final demonstration
    final biggestNumberOndice = '6';
    //  biggestNumberOndice = '8';     // Throws an error for reinitialization

    // const
    const smallestNumberOnDice = 1;

}

class TestClass {

    final biggestNumberOndice = '6';

    //const smallestNumberOnDice = 1;  //Throws an error
    //Error .  only static fields can be declared as constants.

    static const smallestNumberOnDice = 1;
}

const是一个编译时常量。

final是一个运行时常数。