为了单元测试的目的，我做了一个类来调用简单的私有方法(静态和非静态):

class MethodInvoker
{
    public function invoke($object, string $methodName, array $args=[]) {
        $privateMethod = $this->getMethod(get_class($object), $methodName);

        return $privateMethod->invokeArgs($object, $args);
    }

    private function getMethod(string $className, string $methodName) {
        $class = new \ReflectionClass($className);
        
        $method = $class->getMethod($methodName);
        $method->setAccessible(true);
    
        return $method;
    }
}

用法示例:

class TestClass {
    private function privateMethod(string $txt) {
        print_r('invoked privateMethod: ' . $txt);
    }
}

(new MethodInvoker)->invoke(new TestClass, 'privateMethod', ['argument_1']);

You seem to be aware already, but I'll just restate it anyway; It's a bad sign, if you need to test protected methods. The aim of a unit test, is to test the interface of a class, and protected methods are implementation details. That said, there are cases where it makes sense. If you use inheritance, you can see a superclass as providing an interface for the subclass. So here, you would have to test the protected method (But never a private one). The solution to this, is to create a subclass for testing purpose, and use this to expose the methods. Eg.:

class Foo {
  protected function stuff() {
    // secret stuff, you want to test
  }
}

class SubFoo extends Foo {
  public function exposedStuff() {
    return $this->stuff();
  }
}

注意，您总是可以用组合替换继承。在测试代码时，处理使用这种模式的代码通常要容易得多，因此您可能需要考虑该选项。

的选择。下面的代码是作为示例提供的。 它的实施可以更广泛。 它的实现将帮助您测试私有方法并替换私有属性。

    <?php
    class Helper{
        public static function sandbox(\Closure $call,$target,?string $slaveClass=null,...$args)
        {
            $slaveClass=!empty($slaveClass)?$slaveClass:(is_string($target)?$target:get_class($target));
            $target=!is_string($target)?$target:null;
            $call=$call->bindTo($target,$slaveClass);
            return $call(...$args);
        }
    }
    class A{
        private $prop='bay';
        public function get()
        {
            return $this->prop;    
        }
        
    }
    class B extends A{}
    $b=new B;
    $priv_prop=Helper::sandbox(function(...$args){
        return $this->prop;
    },$b,A::class);
    
    var_dump($priv_prop);// bay
    
    Helper::sandbox(function(...$args){
        $this->prop=$args[0];
    },$b,A::class,'hello');
    var_dump($b->get());// hello

您可以像下面的代码一样使用闭包

<?php

class A
{
    private string $value = 'Kolobol';
    private string $otherPrivateValue = 'I\'m very private, like a some kind of password!';

    public function setValue(string $value): void
    {
        $this->value = $value;
    }

    private function getValue(): string
    {
        return $this->value . ': ' . $this->getVeryPrivate();
    }

    private function getVeryPrivate()
    {
        return $this->otherPrivateValue;
    }
}

$getPrivateProperty = function &(string $propName) {
    return $this->$propName;
};

$getPrivateMethod = function (string $methodName) {
    return Closure::fromCallable([$this, $methodName]);
};

$objA = new A;
$getPrivateProperty = Closure::bind($getPrivateProperty, $objA, $objA);
$getPrivateMethod = Closure::bind($getPrivateMethod, $objA, $objA);
$privateByLink = &$getPrivateProperty('value');
$privateMethod = $getPrivateMethod('getValue');

echo $privateByLink, PHP_EOL; // Kolobok

$objA->setValue('Zmey-Gorynich');
echo $privateByLink, PHP_EOL; // Zmey-Gorynich

$privateByLink = 'Alyonushka';
echo $privateMethod(); // Alyonushka: I'm very private, like a some kind of password!

我想troelskn就在附近。我会这样做:

class ClassToTest
{
   protected function testThisMethod()
   {
     // Implement stuff here
   }
}

然后，实现如下内容:

class TestClassToTest extends ClassToTest
{
  public function testThisMethod()
  {
    return parent::testThisMethod();
  }
}

然后根据TestClassToTest运行测试。

应该可以通过解析代码自动生成这样的扩展类。如果PHPUnit已经提供了这样的机制，我不会感到惊讶(尽管我还没有检查)。

我想对uckelman的答案中定义的getMethod()提出一个轻微的变化。

这个版本更改了getMethod()，删除了硬编码的值，并略微简化了用法。我建议将它添加到PHPUnitUtil类中，如下面的例子所示，或者添加到PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase-extending类中(或者，我认为，全局地添加到PHPUnitUtil文件中)。

由于MyClass正在被实例化，而ReflectionClass可以接受字符串或对象…

class PHPUnitUtil {
    /**
     * Get a private or protected method for testing/documentation purposes.
     * How to use for MyClass->foo():
     *      $cls = new MyClass();
     *      $foo = PHPUnitUtil::getPrivateMethod($cls, 'foo');
     *      $foo->invoke($cls, $...);
     * @param object $obj The instantiated instance of your class
     * @param string $name The name of your private/protected method
     * @return ReflectionMethod The method you asked for
     */
    public static function getPrivateMethod($obj, $name) {
      $class = new ReflectionClass($obj);
      $method = $class->getMethod($name);
      $method->setAccessible(true);
      return $method;
    }
    // ... some other functions
}

我还创建了一个别名函数getProtectedMethod()来显式显示期望的内容，但这取决于您。