这里有一个简单的解决方案，可以使用底数r。它从原始的数字列表中删除数字5。您可以使用相同的方法从列表中删除任何您想要的元素。

#the original list
original_list = c(1:10)

#the list element to remove
remove = 5

#the new list (which will not contain whatever the `remove` variable equals)
new_list = c()

#go through all the elements in the list and add them to the new list if they don't equal the `remove` variable
counter = 1
for (n in original_list){
  if (n != ){
    new_list[[counter]] = n
    counter = counter + 1
  }
}

new_list变量不再包含5。

new_list
# [1]  1  2  3  4  6  7  8  9 10

rlist包(http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rlist/index.html)用于处理各种列表操作。

示例(http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rlist/vignettes/Filtering.html):

library(rlist)
devs <- 
  list(
    p1=list(name="Ken",age=24,
      interest=c("reading","music","movies"),
      lang=list(r=2,csharp=4,python=3)),
    p2=list(name="James",age=25,
      interest=c("sports","music"),
      lang=list(r=3,java=2,cpp=5)),
    p3=list(name="Penny",age=24,
      interest=c("movies","reading"),
      lang=list(r=1,cpp=4,python=2)))

list.remove(devs, c("p1","p2"))

结果:

# $p3
# $p3$name
# [1] "Penny"
# 
# $p3$age
# [1] 24
# 
# $p3$interest
# [1] "movies"  "reading"
# 
# $p3$lang
# $p3$lang$r
# [1] 1
# 
# $p3$lang$cpp
# [1] 4
# 
# $p3$lang$python
# [1] 2

如果你有一个命名列表，想要删除一个特定的元素，你可以尝试:

lst <- list(a = 1:4, b = 4:8, c = 8:10)

if("b" %in% names(lst)) lst <- lst[ - which(names(lst) == "b")]

这将创建一个包含元素a, b, c的列表lst。第二行在检查元素b是否存在后删除元素b(以避免@hjv提到的问题)。

或更好:

lst$b <- NULL

这样，尝试删除一个不存在的元素就不是问题(例如lst$g <- NULL)

你可以用which。

x<-c(1:5)
x
#[1] 1 2 3 4 5
x<-x[-which(x==4)]
x
#[1] 1 2 3 5

我想补充的是，如果它是一个命名列表，你可以简单地使用。

l <- list(a = 1, b = 2)    
> within(l, rm(a))
$b
[1] 2

所以你可以覆盖原来的列表

l <- within(l, rm(a)) 

从列表l中删除名为a的元素。

在命名列表的情况下，我发现这些helper函数很有用

member <- function(list,names){
    ## return the elements of the list with the input names
    member..names <- names(list)
    index <- which(member..names %in% names)
    list[index]    
}


exclude <- function(list,names){
     ## return the elements of the list not belonging to names
     member..names <- names(list)
     index <- which(!(member..names %in% names))
    list[index]    
}  
aa <- structure(list(a = 1:10, b = 4:5, fruits = c("apple", "orange"
)), .Names = c("a", "b", "fruits"))

> aa
## $a
##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10

## $b
## [1] 4 5

## $fruits
## [1] "apple"  "orange"


> member(aa,"fruits")
## $fruits
## [1] "apple"  "orange"


> exclude(aa,"fruits")
## $a
##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10

## $b
## [1] 4 5