今天用pip升级了我的电脑，并检查了这里的其他答案，我可以告诉你它可能是任何东西。您应该逐一检查错误，查找您需要的特定库。在我的例子中，这些是我必须安装的库:

$ sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libffi-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libjpeg-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libvirt-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libsqlite3-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev
$ sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev python-dev

HTH

在我的例子中，命令sudo apt-get install unixodbc-dev解决了这个问题。我得到了一个特定于sql.h头文件的错误。

就像罗宾·温斯洛在评论中说的:

我在这里找到了解决方案:stackoverflow.com/a/5178444/613540

在我的例子中，我的完整错误信息是:

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lz 
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
error: Setup script exited with error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

我试图安装洪流:

sudo python3 setup.py install

与给定的stackoverflow链接，我解决这个问题:

sudo apt install zlib1g-dev

注意，以下软件包已经安装:

libxslt1-dev is already the newest version.
python3-dev is already the newest version.
libxml2-dev is already the newest version.

希望对大家有所帮助!

这适用于我，12.04,python2.7.6

sudo apt-get install libxml2 libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev
sudo apt-get install lxml

这对我来说已经足够了:

sudo apt-get install build-essential

我的堆栈是这样的:

> >                            ^
> >     In file included from /usr/include/openssl/ssl.h:156:0,
> >                      from OpenSSL/crypto/x509.h:17,
> >                      from OpenSSL/crypto/crypto.h:17,
> >                      from OpenSSL/crypto/crl.c:3:
> >     /usr/include/openssl/x509.h:751:15: note: previous declaration of ‘X509_REVOKED_dup’ was here
> >      X509_REVOKED *X509_REVOKED_dup(X509_REVOKED *rev);
> >                    ^
> >     error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
> >     
> >     ----------------------------------------   Rolling back uninstall of > pyOpenSSL Command "/home/marta/env/pb/bin/python -u -c
> "import setuptools,
> > tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-14ekWY/pyOpenSSL/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n',
> > '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install
> > --record /tmp/pip-2HERvW-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/marta/env/pb/include/site/python2.7/pyOpenSSL" failed with error
> > code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-14ekWY/pyOpenSSL/

在同样的情况下，请考虑其中一个安装文件中的错字(错误)，并手动编辑它，将“X509_REVOKED_dup”更改为“X509_REVOKED_dupe”(没有引号)。我已经编辑了x509.h文件:

sed -e的 usr / include / openssl - x509。h

这对我来说很有效，但请参考下面链接的帖子，因为他们编辑了另一个文件:

sed -e's/X509_REVOKED_dup/X509_REVOKED_dupe/g' -i OpenSSL/crypto/crl.c . sed -e's/X509_REVOKED_dup/X509_REVOKED_dupe/g

https://groups.google.com/forum/ !主题/ kivy-users / Qt0jNIOACZc