我在文本输入中使用占位符,效果很好。但我也希望在选择框中使用占位符。当然,我可以使用以下代码:

<select>
    <option value="">Select your option</option>
    <option value="hurr">Durr</option>
</select>

但“选择您的选项”是黑色而不是浅灰色。所以我的解决方案可能是基于CSS的。jQuery也很好。

这只会使下拉列表中的选项变灰(因此单击箭头后):

option:first {
    color: #999;
}

问题是:人们如何在选择框中创建占位符?但这已经得到了回应,欢呼。

使用此选项会导致所选值始终为灰色(即使在选择实际选项后):

select {
    color: #999;
}

当前回答

您需要表单验证,现代浏览器从头开始就提供了这一功能。

因此,您不必担心用户无法选择字段。因为当他这样做时,浏览器验证会告诉他,这是一个错误的选择。

浏览器内置的验证函数checkValidatity()。

Bootstrap也有一个很好的例子。

HTML

<form class="needs-validation">
  <select required>
    <option value="">Please select an option</option>
    <option value="1">Foo</option>
    <option value="2">Bar</option>
  </select>
<form>

Java脚本

form = document.getElementByClassName('needs-validation');
if(form.checkValidity() === true) {
  //form validation succeeded
} else {
  //form validation failed
}

其他回答

2023年的解决方案:具有选择器:

选择:已(选项:已禁用:已选中[隐藏]){颜色:灰色;}选择选项{颜色:黑色;}<选择><option selected disabled hidden>选择</option><option>一个</option><option>两个</option><option>三个</option></选择>

由于本主题中提供的答案之间的样式和功能不同,下表阐明了所提供的HTML、HTML+CSS和HTML+CSS+Javascript解决方案的样式和适用的表单逻辑。

我不得不使用代码格式,因为出于某种原因,标记中不允许使用表。将使用代码段提供一个HTML表来解决表限制。

我将这篇文章标记为社区维基,这样任何人都可以详细介绍新的文章,但请将JQuery、React、Angular、CoffeeScript等添加到另一篇文章中,以保持此表的简单。

         | Technologies |                                                                Styling                                                                |
  Post   | CSS | Java-  | Select: Placeholder |  Select: valid option  |                  Option: placeholder                    |     Option: valid option     |
   ID    |     | script | Color |  Validation | Color |    Required    | Visibility | Selectable | Color |   Cond. formatting    | Color |   Cond. formatting   |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
41167307 | No  |   No   | Black |   Invalid   | Black |      Yes       |  Visible   |     No     | Grey  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50200912 | No  |   No   | Black |    Valid    | Black |       No       | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5859221  | No  |   No   | Black |    Valid    | Black |       No       |  Visible   |     No     | Grey  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38120777 | No  |   No   | Black |    Valid    | Black |       No       | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54860799 | Yes |   No   | Grey  |   Invalid   | Black |      Yes       | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52661024 | Yes |   No   | Grey  |   Invalid   | Black |      Yes       | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black | select:invalid{Grey} |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8442831  | Yes |   No   | Grey  |   Invalid   | Black |      Yes       | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black | select:invalid{Grey} |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29806043 | Yes |   No   | Grey  |   Invalid   | Black |      Yes       | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
61966461 | Yes |   No   | Grey  |   Invalid   | Black |      Yes       | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  | select:valid{visible} | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
44406771 | Yes |   No   | Grey  |   Invalid   | Grey  |      No        |  Visible   |     No     | Grey  |          No           | Black | select:invalid{Grey} |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
40603035 | Yes |   No   | Black |    Valid    | Black |      No        | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
22994211 | Yes |   No   | Grey  |    Valid    | Black |      No        | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21722343 | Yes |   No   | Grey  |    Valid    | Grey  |      No        | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
48960650 | Yes |  Yes   | Grey  |   Invalid   | Black |      No        | Invisible  |    N/A     |  N/A  |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5805194  | Yes |  Yes   | Grey  |    Valid    | Black |      No        |  Visible   |    Yes     | Black |          No           | Black |          No          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50840409 | Yes |  Yes   | Grey  |    Valid    | Black |      Yes       |  Visible   |    Yes     | Grey  |          No           | Black |          No          |

下面是一个工作示例,如何使用纯JavaScript实现这一点,该JavaScript处理第一次单击后的选项颜色:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <style>
      #myselect {
        color: gray;
      }
    </style>
  </head>

  <body>
    <select id="myselect">
      <option disabled selected>Choose Item
      </option>

      <option>Item 1
      </option>

      <option>Item 2
      </option>

      <option>Item 3
      </option>
    </select>

    <script>
      // Add event listener to change color in the first click
      document.getElementById("myselect").addEventListener("click", setColor)
      function setColor()
      {
        var combo = document.getElementById("myselect");
        combo.style.color = 'red';
        // Remove Event Listener after the color is changed at the first click
        combo.removeEventListener("click", setColor);
      }
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

在Angular中,我们可以添加一个选项作为占位符,它可以隐藏在选项下拉列表中。我们甚至可以添加一个自定义下拉图标作为背景,代替浏览器下拉图标。

技巧是仅在未选择值时启用占位符css

/**我的组件模板*/

 <div class="dropdown">
      <select [ngClass]="{'placeholder': !myForm.value.myField}"
 class="form-control" formControlName="myField">
        <option value="" hidden >Select a Gender</option>
        <option value="Male">Male</option>
        <option value="Female">Female</option>
      </select>
    </div>

/**我的组件.TS*/

constructor(fb: FormBuilder) {
  this.myForm = this.fb.build({
    myField: ''
  });
}

/**全局.scss*/

.dropdown {
  width: 100%;
  height: 30px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: no-repeat white;
  background-image:url('angle-arrow-down.svg');
  background-position: center right;
  select {
    background: transparent;
    padding: 3px;
    font-size: 1.2em;
    height: 30px;
    width: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;

    /*For moz*/
    -moz-appearance: none;
    /* IE10 */
    &::-ms-expand {
      display: none;
    }
    /*For chrome*/
    -webkit-appearance:none;
    &.placeholder {
      opacity: 0.7;
      color: theme-color('mutedColor');
    }
    option {
      color: black;
    }
  }
}

selected使页面加载时选择特定选项禁用可确保表单提交中排除该选项隐藏直观地隐藏下拉列表中的选项

<选择><option selected disabled hidden>选择选项</option><option>一个</option><option>两个</option><option>三个</option></选择>