我在文本输入中使用占位符,效果很好。但我也希望在选择框中使用占位符。当然,我可以使用以下代码:
<select>
<option value="">Select your option</option>
<option value="hurr">Durr</option>
</select>
但“选择您的选项”是黑色而不是浅灰色。所以我的解决方案可能是基于CSS的。jQuery也很好。
这只会使下拉列表中的选项变灰(因此单击箭头后):
option:first {
color: #999;
}
问题是:人们如何在选择框中创建占位符?但这已经得到了回应,欢呼。
使用此选项会导致所选值始终为灰色(即使在选择实际选项后):
select {
color: #999;
}
您需要表单验证,现代浏览器从头开始就提供了这一功能。
因此,您不必担心用户无法选择字段。因为当他这样做时,浏览器验证会告诉他,这是一个错误的选择。
浏览器内置的验证函数checkValidatity()。
Bootstrap也有一个很好的例子。
HTML
<form class="needs-validation">
<select required>
<option value="">Please select an option</option>
<option value="1">Foo</option>
<option value="2">Bar</option>
</select>
<form>
Java脚本
form = document.getElementByClassName('needs-validation');
if(form.checkValidity() === true) {
//form validation succeeded
} else {
//form validation failed
}
由于本主题中提供的答案之间的样式和功能不同,下表阐明了所提供的HTML、HTML+CSS和HTML+CSS+Javascript解决方案的样式和适用的表单逻辑。
我不得不使用代码格式,因为出于某种原因,标记中不允许使用表。将使用代码段提供一个HTML表来解决表限制。
我将这篇文章标记为社区维基,这样任何人都可以详细介绍新的文章,但请将JQuery、React、Angular、CoffeeScript等添加到另一篇文章中,以保持此表的简单。
| Technologies | Styling |
Post | CSS | Java- | Select: Placeholder | Select: valid option | Option: placeholder | Option: valid option |
ID | | script | Color | Validation | Color | Required | Visibility | Selectable | Color | Cond. formatting | Color | Cond. formatting |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
41167307 | No | No | Black | Invalid | Black | Yes | Visible | No | Grey | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50200912 | No | No | Black | Valid | Black | No | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5859221 | No | No | Black | Valid | Black | No | Visible | No | Grey | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38120777 | No | No | Black | Valid | Black | No | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54860799 | Yes | No | Grey | Invalid | Black | Yes | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52661024 | Yes | No | Grey | Invalid | Black | Yes | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | select:invalid{Grey} |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8442831 | Yes | No | Grey | Invalid | Black | Yes | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | select:invalid{Grey} |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29806043 | Yes | No | Grey | Invalid | Black | Yes | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
61966461 | Yes | No | Grey | Invalid | Black | Yes | Invisible | N/A | N/A | select:valid{visible} | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
44406771 | Yes | No | Grey | Invalid | Grey | No | Visible | No | Grey | No | Black | select:invalid{Grey} |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
40603035 | Yes | No | Black | Valid | Black | No | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
22994211 | Yes | No | Grey | Valid | Black | No | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21722343 | Yes | No | Grey | Valid | Grey | No | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
48960650 | Yes | Yes | Grey | Invalid | Black | No | Invisible | N/A | N/A | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5805194 | Yes | Yes | Grey | Valid | Black | No | Visible | Yes | Black | No | Black | No |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50840409 | Yes | Yes | Grey | Valid | Black | Yes | Visible | Yes | Grey | No | Black | No |
在Angular中,我们可以添加一个选项作为占位符,它可以隐藏在选项下拉列表中。我们甚至可以添加一个自定义下拉图标作为背景,代替浏览器下拉图标。
技巧是仅在未选择值时启用占位符css
/**我的组件模板*/
<div class="dropdown">
<select [ngClass]="{'placeholder': !myForm.value.myField}"
class="form-control" formControlName="myField">
<option value="" hidden >Select a Gender</option>
<option value="Male">Male</option>
<option value="Female">Female</option>
</select>
</div>
/**我的组件.TS*/
constructor(fb: FormBuilder) {
this.myForm = this.fb.build({
myField: ''
});
}
/**全局.scss*/
.dropdown {
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
overflow: hidden;
background: no-repeat white;
background-image:url('angle-arrow-down.svg');
background-position: center right;
select {
background: transparent;
padding: 3px;
font-size: 1.2em;
height: 30px;
width: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
/*For moz*/
-moz-appearance: none;
/* IE10 */
&::-ms-expand {
display: none;
}
/*For chrome*/
-webkit-appearance:none;
&.placeholder {
opacity: 0.7;
color: theme-color('mutedColor');
}
option {
color: black;
}
}
}