更简单的方法是预先构建字符串，并将其用作sed的参数

rpstring="s/KEYWORD/$REPLACE/g"
sed -i $rpstring  test.txt

警告:不考虑换行。要获得更深入的答案，请参阅这个so问题。(谢谢Ed Morton和Niklas Peter)

请注意，逃避一切是一个坏主意。Sed需要对许多字符进行转义，以获得它们的特殊含义。例如，如果转义替换字符串中的一个数字，它将转换为反向引用。

正如Ben Blank所说，在替换字符串中只有三个字符需要转义(转义本身，正斜杠表示语句结束，&表示replace all):

ESCAPED_REPLACE=$(printf '%s\n' "$REPLACE" | sed -e 's/[\/&]/\\&/g')
# Now you can use ESCAPED_REPLACE in the original sed statement
sed "s/KEYWORD/$ESCAPED_REPLACE/g"

如果你需要转义KEYWORD字符串，下面是你需要的:

sed -e 's/[]\/$*.^[]/\\&/g'

并可用于:

KEYWORD="The Keyword You Need";
ESCAPED_KEYWORD=$(printf '%s\n' "$KEYWORD" | sed -e 's/[]\/$*.^[]/\\&/g');

# Now you can use it inside the original sed statement to replace text
sed "s/$ESCAPED_KEYWORD/$ESCAPED_REPLACE/g"

请记住，如果使用/以外的字符作为分隔符，则需要将上面表达式中的斜杠替换为您正在使用的字符。请参阅PeterJCLaw的评论以获得解释。

编辑:由于以前没有考虑到的一些极端情况，上面的命令已经更改了几次。详细信息请查看编辑历史记录。

基于钢琴龙的正则表达式，我做了一个bash函数，逃脱关键字和替换。

function sedeasy {
  sed -i "s/$(echo $1 | sed -e 's/\([[\/.*]\|\]\)/\\&/g')/$(echo $2 | sed -e 's/[\/&]/\\&/g')/g" $3
}

下面是如何使用它:

sedeasy "include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*" "include /apps/*/conf/nginx.conf" /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

答案有很多……如果您不介意使用bash函数模式，下面是一个很好的答案。下面的目标是允许将sed与几乎任何参数一起作为关键字(F_PS_TARGET)或作为REPLACE (F_PS_REPLACE)使用。我们在许多情况下进行了测试，它似乎相当安全。下面的实现对KEYWORD和replace都支持制表符、换行符和单引号。

注意:这里的思想是使用sed来转义另一个sed命令的条目。

CODE

F_REVERSE_STRING_R=""
f_reverse_string() {
    : 'Do a string reverse.

    To undo just use a reversed string as STRING_INPUT.

    Args:
        STRING_INPUT (str): String input.

    Returns:
        F_REVERSE_STRING_R (str): The modified string.
    '

    local STRING_INPUT=$1
    F_REVERSE_STRING_R=$(echo "x${STRING_INPUT}x" | tac | rev)
    F_REVERSE_STRING_R=${F_REVERSE_STRING_R%?}
    F_REVERSE_STRING_R=${F_REVERSE_STRING_R#?}
}

# [Ref(s).: https://stackoverflow.com/a/2705678/3223785 ]
F_POWER_SED_ECP_R=""
f_power_sed_ecp() {
    : 'Escape strings for the "sed" command.

    Escaped characters will be processed as is (e.g. /n, /t ...).

    Args:
        F_PSE_VAL_TO_ECP (str): Value to be escaped.
        F_PSE_ECP_TYPE (int): 0 - For the TARGET value; 1 - For the REPLACE value.

    Returns:
        F_POWER_SED_ECP_R (str): Escaped value.
    '

    local F_PSE_VAL_TO_ECP=$1
    local F_PSE_ECP_TYPE=$2

    # NOTE: Operational characters of "sed" will be escaped, as well as single quotes.
    # By Questor
    if [ ${F_PSE_ECP_TYPE} -eq 0 ] ; then
    # NOTE: For the TARGET value. By Questor

        F_POWER_SED_ECP_R=$(echo "x${F_PSE_VAL_TO_ECP}x" | sed 's/[]\/$*.^[]/\\&/g' | sed "s/'/\\\x27/g" | sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/\\n/g')
    else
    # NOTE: For the REPLACE value. By Questor

        F_POWER_SED_ECP_R=$(echo "x${F_PSE_VAL_TO_ECP}x" | sed 's/[\/&]/\\&/g' | sed "s/'/\\\x27/g" | sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/\\n/g')
    fi

    F_POWER_SED_ECP_R=${F_POWER_SED_ECP_R%?}
    F_POWER_SED_ECP_R=${F_POWER_SED_ECP_R#?}
}

# [Ref(s).: https://stackoverflow.com/a/24134488/3223785 ,
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/21740695/3223785 ,
# https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/655558/61742 ,
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/11461628/3223785 ,
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/45151986/3223785 ,
# https://linuxaria.com/pills/tac-and-rev-to-see-files-in-reverse-order ,
# https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/631355/61742 ]
F_POWER_SED_R=""
f_power_sed() {
    : 'Facilitate the use of the "sed" command. Replaces in files and strings.

    Args:
        F_PS_TARGET (str): Value to be replaced by the value of F_PS_REPLACE.
        F_PS_REPLACE (str): Value that will replace F_PS_TARGET.
        F_PS_FILE (Optional[str]): File in which the replacement will be made.
        F_PS_SOURCE (Optional[str]): String to be manipulated in case "F_PS_FILE" was
    not informed.
        F_PS_NTH_OCCUR (Optional[int]): [1~n] - Replace the nth match; [n~-1] - Replace
    the last nth match; 0 - Replace every match; Default 1.

    Returns:
        F_POWER_SED_R (str): Return the result if "F_PS_FILE" is not informed.
    '

    local F_PS_TARGET=$1
    local F_PS_REPLACE=$2
    local F_PS_FILE=$3
    local F_PS_SOURCE=$4
    local F_PS_NTH_OCCUR=$5
    if [ -z "$F_PS_NTH_OCCUR" ] ; then
        F_PS_NTH_OCCUR=1
    fi

    local F_PS_REVERSE_MODE=0
    if [ ${F_PS_NTH_OCCUR} -lt -1 ] ; then
        F_PS_REVERSE_MODE=1
        f_reverse_string "$F_PS_TARGET"
        F_PS_TARGET="$F_REVERSE_STRING_R"
        f_reverse_string "$F_PS_REPLACE"
        F_PS_REPLACE="$F_REVERSE_STRING_R"
        f_reverse_string "$F_PS_SOURCE"
        F_PS_SOURCE="$F_REVERSE_STRING_R"
        F_PS_NTH_OCCUR=$((-F_PS_NTH_OCCUR))
    fi

    f_power_sed_ecp "$F_PS_TARGET" 0
    F_PS_TARGET=$F_POWER_SED_ECP_R
    f_power_sed_ecp "$F_PS_REPLACE" 1
    F_PS_REPLACE=$F_POWER_SED_ECP_R

    local F_PS_SED_RPL=""
    if [ ${F_PS_NTH_OCCUR} -eq -1 ] ; then
    # NOTE: We kept this option because it performs better when we only need to replace
    # the last occurrence. By Questor

        # [Ref(s).: https://linuxhint.com/use-sed-replace-last-occurrence/ ,
        # https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/713866/61742 ]
        F_PS_SED_RPL="'s/\(.*\)$F_PS_TARGET/\1$F_PS_REPLACE/'"
    elif [ ${F_PS_NTH_OCCUR} -gt 0 ] ; then
        # [Ref(s).: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/587924/61742 ]
        F_PS_SED_RPL="'s/$F_PS_TARGET/$F_PS_REPLACE/$F_PS_NTH_OCCUR'"
    elif [ ${F_PS_NTH_OCCUR} -eq 0 ] ; then
        F_PS_SED_RPL="'s/$F_PS_TARGET/$F_PS_REPLACE/g'"
    fi

    # NOTE: As the "sed" commands below always process literal values for the "F_PS_TARGET"
    # so we use the "-z" flag in case it has multiple lines. By Quaestor
    # [Ref(s).: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/525524/61742 ]
    if [ -z "$F_PS_FILE" ] ; then
        F_POWER_SED_R=$(echo "x${F_PS_SOURCE}x" | eval "sed -z $F_PS_SED_RPL")
        F_POWER_SED_R=${F_POWER_SED_R%?}
        F_POWER_SED_R=${F_POWER_SED_R#?}
        if [ ${F_PS_REVERSE_MODE} -eq 1 ] ; then
            f_reverse_string "$F_POWER_SED_R"
            F_POWER_SED_R="$F_REVERSE_STRING_R"
        fi
    else
        if [ ${F_PS_REVERSE_MODE} -eq 0 ] ; then
            eval "sed -i -z $F_PS_SED_RPL \"$F_PS_FILE\""
        else
            tac "$F_PS_FILE" | rev | eval "sed -z $F_PS_SED_RPL" | tac | rev > "$F_PS_FILE"
        fi
    fi

}

模型

f_power_sed "F_PS_TARGET" "F_PS_REPLACE" "" "F_PS_SOURCE"
echo "$F_POWER_SED_R"

例子

f_power_sed "{ gsub(/,[ ]+|$/,\"\0\"); print }' ./  and eliminate" "[ ]+|$/,\"\0\""  "" "Great answer (+1). If you change your awk to awk '{ gsub(/,[ ]+|$/,\"\0\"); print }' ./  and eliminate that concatenation of the final \", \" then you don't have to go through the gymnastics on eliminating the final record. So: readarray -td '' a < <(awk '{ gsub(/,[ ]+/,\"\0\"); print; }' <<<\"$string\") on Bash that supports readarray. Note your method is Bash 4.4+ I think because of the -d in readar"
echo "$F_POWER_SED_R"

如果您只想将参数转义到sed命令

模型

# "TARGET" value.
f_power_sed_ecp "F_PSE_VAL_TO_ECP" 0
echo "$F_POWER_SED_ECP_R"

# "REPLACE" value.
f_power_sed_ecp "F_PSE_VAL_TO_ECP" 1
echo "$F_POWER_SED_ECP_R"

重要提示:如果KEYWORD和/或replace replace的字符串包含制表符或换行符，您将需要在“sed”命令中使用“-z”标志。详情请点击这里。

例子

f_power_sed_ecp "{ gsub(/,[ ]+|$/,\"\0\"); print }' ./  and eliminate" 0
echo "$F_POWER_SED_ECP_R"
f_power_sed_ecp "[ ]+|$/,\"\0\"" 1
echo "$F_POWER_SED_ECP_R"

注意:上面的f_power_sed_ecp和f_power_sed函数是作为ez_i项目的一部分完全免费提供的-轻松创建shell脚本安装程序!

现在回复有点晚了……但有一种更简单的方法。只需更改分隔符(即分隔字段的字符)。所以不是s/foo/bar/而是s|bar|foo。

这里有一个简单的方法:

sed 's|/\*!50017 DEFINER=`snafu`@`localhost`\*/||g'

结果输出没有那个讨厌的DEFINER子句。

如果您正在生成一个随机密码以传递给sed替换模式，那么您应该注意随机字符串中的哪一组字符。如果您选择一个由base64编码的值组成的密码，那么在base64中只有一个字符是可能的，而且在sed replace模式中也是一个特殊字符。这个字符是“/”，很容易从你生成的密码中删除:

# password 32 characters log, minus any copies of the "/" character.
pass=`openssl rand -base64 32 | sed -e 's/\///g'`;