这是一个已知的错误，并不是因为文件太大。由于Android缓存Drawables，它会在使用少量图像后耗尽内存。但我找到了另一种方法，跳过android默认的缓存系统。

解决方案: 移动图像到“assets”文件夹，并使用以下函数来获得BitmapDrawable:

public static Drawable getAssetImage(Context context, String filename) throws IOException {
    AssetManager assets = context.getResources().getAssets();
    InputStream buffer = new BufferedInputStream((assets.open("drawable/" + filename + ".png")));
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(buffer);
    return new BitmapDrawable(context.getResources(), bitmap);
}

这是一个已知的错误，并不是因为文件太大。由于Android缓存Drawables，它会在使用少量图像后耗尽内存。但我找到了另一种方法，跳过android默认的缓存系统。

解决方案: 移动图像到“assets”文件夹，并使用以下函数来获得BitmapDrawable:

public static Drawable getAssetImage(Context context, String filename) throws IOException {
    AssetManager assets = context.getResources().getAssets();
    InputStream buffer = new BufferedInputStream((assets.open("drawable/" + filename + ".png")));
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(buffer);
    return new BitmapDrawable(context.getResources(), bitmap);
}

这里有很好的答案，但我想要一个完全可用的类来解决这个问题。所以我做了一个。

这是我的BitmapHelper类，是OutOfMemoryError证明:-)

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Bitmap.Config;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;

public class BitmapHelper
{

    //decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption
    public static Bitmap decodeFile(File bitmapFile, int requiredWidth, int requiredHeight, boolean quickAndDirty)
    {
        try
        {
            //Decode image size
            BitmapFactory.Options bitmapSizeOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            bitmapSizeOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
            BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(bitmapFile), null, bitmapSizeOptions);

            // load image using inSampleSize adapted to required image size
            BitmapFactory.Options bitmapDecodeOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            bitmapDecodeOptions.inTempStorage = new byte[16 * 1024];
            bitmapDecodeOptions.inSampleSize = computeInSampleSize(bitmapSizeOptions, requiredWidth, requiredHeight, false);
            bitmapDecodeOptions.inPurgeable = true;
            bitmapDecodeOptions.inDither = !quickAndDirty;
            bitmapDecodeOptions.inPreferredConfig = quickAndDirty ? Bitmap.Config.RGB_565 : Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;

            Bitmap decodedBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(bitmapFile), null, bitmapDecodeOptions);

            // scale bitmap to mathc required size (and keep aspect ratio)

            float srcWidth = (float) bitmapDecodeOptions.outWidth;
            float srcHeight = (float) bitmapDecodeOptions.outHeight;

            float dstWidth = (float) requiredWidth;
            float dstHeight = (float) requiredHeight;

            float srcAspectRatio = srcWidth / srcHeight;
            float dstAspectRatio = dstWidth / dstHeight;

            // recycleDecodedBitmap is used to know if we must recycle intermediary 'decodedBitmap'
            // (DO NOT recycle it right away: wait for end of bitmap manipulation process to avoid
            // java.lang.RuntimeException: Canvas: trying to use a recycled bitmap android.graphics.Bitmap@416ee7d8
            // I do not excatly understand why, but this way it's OK

            boolean recycleDecodedBitmap = false;

            Bitmap scaledBitmap = decodedBitmap;
            if (srcAspectRatio < dstAspectRatio)
            {
                scaledBitmap = getScaledBitmap(decodedBitmap, (int) dstWidth, (int) (srcHeight * (dstWidth / srcWidth)));
                // will recycle recycleDecodedBitmap
                recycleDecodedBitmap = true;
            }
            else if (srcAspectRatio > dstAspectRatio)
            {
                scaledBitmap = getScaledBitmap(decodedBitmap, (int) (srcWidth * (dstHeight / srcHeight)), (int) dstHeight);
                recycleDecodedBitmap = true;
            }

            // crop image to match required image size

            int scaledBitmapWidth = scaledBitmap.getWidth();
            int scaledBitmapHeight = scaledBitmap.getHeight();

            Bitmap croppedBitmap = scaledBitmap;

            if (scaledBitmapWidth > requiredWidth)
            {
                int xOffset = (scaledBitmapWidth - requiredWidth) / 2;
                croppedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(scaledBitmap, xOffset, 0, requiredWidth, requiredHeight);
                scaledBitmap.recycle();
            }
            else if (scaledBitmapHeight > requiredHeight)
            {
                int yOffset = (scaledBitmapHeight - requiredHeight) / 2;
                croppedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(scaledBitmap, 0, yOffset, requiredWidth, requiredHeight);
                scaledBitmap.recycle();
            }

            if (recycleDecodedBitmap)
            {
                decodedBitmap.recycle();
            }
            decodedBitmap = null;

            scaledBitmap = null;
            return croppedBitmap;
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * compute powerOf2 or exact scale to be used as {@link BitmapFactory.Options#inSampleSize} value (for subSampling)
     * 
     * @param requiredWidth
     * @param requiredHeight
     * @param powerOf2
     *            weither we want a power of 2 sclae or not
     * @return
     */
    public static int computeInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int dstWidth, int dstHeight, boolean powerOf2)
    {
        int inSampleSize = 1;

        // Raw height and width of image
        final int srcHeight = options.outHeight;
        final int srcWidth = options.outWidth;

        if (powerOf2)
        {
            //Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2.

            int tmpWidth = srcWidth, tmpHeight = srcHeight;
            while (true)
            {
                if (tmpWidth / 2 < dstWidth || tmpHeight / 2 < dstHeight)
                    break;
                tmpWidth /= 2;
                tmpHeight /= 2;
                inSampleSize *= 2;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            // Calculate ratios of height and width to requested height and width
            final int heightRatio = Math.round((float) srcHeight / (float) dstHeight);
            final int widthRatio = Math.round((float) srcWidth / (float) dstWidth);

            // Choose the smallest ratio as inSampleSize value, this will guarantee
            // a final image with both dimensions larger than or equal to the
            // requested height and width.
            inSampleSize = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;
        }

        return inSampleSize;
    }

    public static Bitmap drawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable)
    {
        if (drawable instanceof BitmapDrawable)
        {
            return ((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap();
        }

        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
        drawable.setBounds(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight());
        drawable.draw(canvas);

        return bitmap;
    }

    public static Bitmap getScaledBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int newWidth, int newHeight)
    {
        int width = bitmap.getWidth();
        int height = bitmap.getHeight();
        float scaleWidth = ((float) newWidth) / width;
        float scaleHeight = ((float) newHeight) / height;

        // CREATE A MATRIX FOR THE MANIPULATION
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        // RESIZE THE BIT MAP
        matrix.postScale(scaleWidth, scaleHeight);

        // RECREATE THE NEW BITMAP
        Bitmap resizedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, width, height, matrix, false);
        return resizedBitmap;
    }

}

在manifest.xml文件中添加以下代码行:

<application

    android:hardwareAccelerated="false"
    android:largeHeap="true">

    <activity>
    </activity>

</application>

在我的一个应用程序中，我需要从相机/画廊中拍照。如果用户从相机点击图像(可能是200万，500万或800万)，图像大小从kBs到mb不等。如果图像大小较小(或高达1-2MB)以上代码工作正常，但如果我有图像的大小超过4MB或5MB，然后OOM进入帧:(

然后我努力解决这个问题，最后我对Fedor的(所有功劳都归功于Fedor，因为它是一个很好的解决方案)代码做出了以下改进:)

private Bitmap decodeFile(String fPath) {
    // Decode image size
    BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    /*
     * If set to true, the decoder will return null (no bitmap), but the
     * out... fields will still be set, allowing the caller to query the
     * bitmap without having to allocate the memory for its pixels.
     */
    opts.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
    opts.inDither = false; // Disable Dithering mode
    opts.inPurgeable = true; // Tell to gc that whether it needs free
                                // memory, the Bitmap can be cleared
    opts.inInputShareable = true; // Which kind of reference will be used to
                                    // recover the Bitmap data after being
                                    // clear, when it will be used in the
                                    // future

    BitmapFactory.decodeFile(fPath, opts);

    // The new size we want to scale to
    final int REQUIRED_SIZE = 70;

    // Find the correct scale value. 
    int scale = 1;

    if (opts.outHeight > REQUIRED_SIZE || opts.outWidth > REQUIRED_SIZE) {

        // Calculate ratios of height and width to requested height and width
        final int heightRatio = Math.round((float) opts.outHeight
                / (float) REQUIRED_SIZE);
        final int widthRatio = Math.round((float) opts.outWidth
                / (float) REQUIRED_SIZE);

        // Choose the smallest ratio as inSampleSize value, this will guarantee
        // a final image with both dimensions larger than or equal to the
        // requested height and width.
        scale = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;//
    }

    // Decode bitmap with inSampleSize set
    opts.inJustDecodeBounds = false;

    opts.inSampleSize = scale;

    Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(fPath, opts).copy(
            Bitmap.Config.RGB_565, false);

    return bm;

}

希望这篇文章能对面临同样问题的朋友有所帮助!

欲了解更多，请参考此

这样的OutofMemoryException不能通过调用System.gc()等完全解决。

通过参考活动生命周期

Activity状态由操作系统本身决定，取决于每个进程的内存使用情况和每个进程的优先级。

您可以考虑使用的每个位图图片的大小和分辨率。我建议减小尺寸，重新采样到低分辨率，参考图库的设计(一张小图片PNG，一张原始图片)。