使用随机类

  public static void randomizeArray(int[] arr) {

      Random rGenerator = new Random(); // Create an instance of the random class 
      for (int i =0; i< arr.length;i++ ) {
          //Swap the positions...

          int rPosition = rGenerator.nextInt(arr.length); // Generates an integer within the range (Any number from 0 - arr.length)
          int temp = arr[i]; // variable temp saves the value of the current array index;
          arr[i] = arr[rPosition];  // array at the current position (i) get the value of the random generated 
          arr[rPosition] = temp; // the array at the position of random generated gets the value of temp

      }

      for(int i = 0; i<arr.length; i++) {
          System.out.print(arr[i]); //Prints out the array
      } 

  }

你有几个选择。当涉及到洗牌时，列表与数组有点不同。

如下所示，数组比列表快，而基元数组比对象数组快。

样品时间

List<Integer> Shuffle: 43133ns
    Integer[] Shuffle: 31884ns
        int[] Shuffle: 25377ns

下面是shuffle的三种不同实现。您应该只使用集合。如果处理的是集合，则Shuffle。没有必要为了排序而将数组包装到一个集合中。下面的方法实现起来非常简单。

ShuffleUtil Class

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.*;

public class ShuffleUtil<T> {
    private static final int[] EMPTY_INT_ARRAY = new int[0];
    private static final int SHUFFLE_THRESHOLD = 5;

    private static Random rand;

主要方法

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Integer> list = null;
        Integer[] arr = null;
        int[] iarr = null;

        long start = 0;
        int cycles = 1000;
        int n = 1000;

        // Shuffle List<Integer>
        start = System.nanoTime();
        list = range(n);
        for (int i = 0; i < cycles; i++) {
            ShuffleUtil.shuffle(list);
        }
        System.out.printf("%22s: %dns%n", "List<Integer> Shuffle", (System.nanoTime() - start) / cycles);

        // Shuffle Integer[]
        start = System.nanoTime();
        arr = toArray(list);
        for (int i = 0; i < cycles; i++) {
            ShuffleUtil.shuffle(arr);
        }
        System.out.printf("%22s: %dns%n", "Integer[] Shuffle", (System.nanoTime() - start) / cycles);

        // Shuffle int[]
        start = System.nanoTime();
        iarr = toPrimitive(arr);
        for (int i = 0; i < cycles; i++) {
            ShuffleUtil.shuffle(iarr);
        }
        System.out.printf("%22s: %dns%n", "int[] Shuffle", (System.nanoTime() - start) / cycles);
    }

变换通用列表

    // ================================================================
    // Shuffle List<T> (java.lang.Collections)
    // ================================================================
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static <T> void shuffle(List<T> list) {
        if (rand == null) {
            rand = new Random();
        }
        int size = list.size();
        if (size < SHUFFLE_THRESHOLD || list instanceof RandomAccess) {
            for (int i = size; i > 1; i--) {
                swap(list, i - 1, rand.nextInt(i));
            }
        } else {
            Object arr[] = list.toArray();

            for (int i = size; i > 1; i--) {
                swap(arr, i - 1, rand.nextInt(i));
            }

            ListIterator<T> it = list.listIterator();
            int i = 0;

            while (it.hasNext()) {
                it.next();
                it.set((T) arr[i++]);
            }
        }
    }

    public static <T> void swap(List<T> list, int i, int j) {
        final List<T> l = list;
        l.set(i, l.set(j, l.get(i)));
    }

    public static <T> List<T> shuffled(List<T> list) {
        List<T> copy = copyList(list);
        shuffle(copy);
        return copy;
    }

变换泛型数组

    // ================================================================
    // Shuffle T[]
    // ================================================================
    public static <T> void shuffle(T[] arr) {
        if (rand == null) {
            rand = new Random();
        }

        for (int i = arr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            swap(arr, i, rand.nextInt(i + 1));
        }
    }

    public static <T> void swap(T[] arr, int i, int j) {
        T tmp = arr[i];
        arr[i] = arr[j];
        arr[j] = tmp;
    }

    public static <T> T[] shuffled(T[] arr) {
        T[] copy = Arrays.copyOf(arr, arr.length);
        shuffle(copy);
        return copy;
    }

打乱原语数组

    // ================================================================
    // Shuffle int[]
    // ================================================================
    public static <T> void shuffle(int[] arr) {
        if (rand == null) {
            rand = new Random();
        }

        for (int i = arr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            swap(arr, i, rand.nextInt(i + 1));
        }
    }

    public static <T> void swap(int[] arr, int i, int j) {
        int tmp = arr[i];
        arr[i] = arr[j];
        arr[j] = tmp;
    }

    public static int[] shuffled(int[] arr) {
        int[] copy = Arrays.copyOf(arr, arr.length);
        shuffle(copy);
        return copy;
    }

实用方法

简单的实用工具方法复制和转换数组到列表，反之亦然。

    // ================================================================
    // Utility methods
    // ================================================================
    protected static <T> List<T> copyList(List<T> list) {
        List<T> copy = new ArrayList<T>(list.size());
        for (T item : list) {
            copy.add(item);
        }
        return copy;
    }

    protected static int[] toPrimitive(Integer[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            return null;
        } else if (array.length == 0) {
            return EMPTY_INT_ARRAY;
        }
        final int[] result = new int[array.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            result[i] = array[i].intValue();
        }
        return result;
    }

    protected static Integer[] toArray(List<Integer> list) {
        return toArray(list, Integer.class);
    }

    protected static <T> T[] toArray(List<T> list, Class<T> clazz) {
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        final T[] arr = list.toArray((T[]) Array.newInstance(clazz, list.size()));
        return arr;
    }

范围类

生成一个值范围，类似于Python的range函数。

    // ================================================================
    // Range class for generating a range of values.
    // ================================================================
    protected static List<Integer> range(int n) {
        return toList(new Range(n), new ArrayList<Integer>());
    }

    protected static <T> List<T> toList(Iterable<T> iterable) {
        return toList(iterable, new ArrayList<T>());
    }

    protected static <T> List<T> toList(Iterable<T> iterable, List<T> destination) {
        addAll(destination, iterable.iterator());

        return destination;
    }

    protected static <T> void addAll(Collection<T> collection, Iterator<T> iterator) {
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            collection.add(iterator.next());
        }
    }

    private static class Range implements Iterable<Integer> {
        private int start;
        private int stop;
        private int step;

        private Range(int n) {
            this(0, n, 1);
        }

        private Range(int start, int stop) {
            this(start, stop, 1);
        }

        private Range(int start, int stop, int step) {
            this.start = start;
            this.stop = stop;
            this.step = step;
        }

        @Override
        public Iterator<Integer> iterator() {
            final int min = start;
            final int max = stop / step;

            return new Iterator<Integer>() {
                private int current = min;

                @Override
                public boolean hasNext() {
                    return current < max;
                }

                @Override
                public Integer next() {
                    if (hasNext()) {
                        return current++ * step;
                    } else {
                        throw new NoSuchElementException("Range reached the end");
                    }
                }

                @Override
                public void remove() {
                    throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Can't remove values from a Range");
                }
            };
        }
    }
}

下面是一个使用数组列表的简单方法:

List<Integer> solution = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 1; i <= 6; i++) {
    solution.add(i);
}
Collections.shuffle(solution);

我在一些答案中看到了一些遗漏的信息，所以我决定添加一个新的。

Java集合数组。asList接受类型为T的var-arg (T…)。如果传递一个基元数组(int array)， asList方法将推断并生成一个List<int[]>，这是一个单元素列表(其中一个元素是基元数组)。如果你洗牌这个元素列表，它不会改变任何东西。

首先，你需要将原始数组转换为Wrapper对象数组。为此，您可以使用ArrayUtils。apache.commons.lang中的一个对象方法。然后将生成的数组传递给一个List，最后洗牌。

  int[] intArr = {1,2,3};
  List<Integer> integerList = Arrays.asList(ArrayUtils.toObject(array));
  Collections.shuffle(integerList);
  //now! elements in integerList are shuffled!

其中一种解决方法是使用排列来预先计算所有的排列并存储在数组列表中

Java 8在Java .util. random类中引入了一个新方法ints()。ints()方法返回无限的伪随机int值流。您可以通过提供最小值和最大值来限制指定范围内的随机数。

Random genRandom = new Random();
int num = genRandom.nextInt(arr.length);

在生成随机数的帮助下，您可以遍历循环并与随机数交换当前索引。 这就是生成空间复杂度为O(1)的随机数的方法。

这是knuth shuffle算法。

public class Knuth { 

    // this class should not be instantiated
    private Knuth() { }

    /**
     * Rearranges an array of objects in uniformly random order
     * (under the assumption that <tt>Math.random()</tt> generates independent
     * and uniformly distributed numbers between 0 and 1).
     * @param a the array to be shuffled
     */
    public static void shuffle(Object[] a) {
        int n = a.length;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            // choose index uniformly in [i, n-1]
            int r = i + (int) (Math.random() * (n - i));
            Object swap = a[r];
            a[r] = a[i];
            a[i] = swap;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Reads in a sequence of strings from standard input, shuffles
     * them, and prints out the results.
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // read in the data
        String[] a = StdIn.readAllStrings();

        // shuffle the array
        Knuth.shuffle(a);

        // print results.
        for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
            StdOut.println(a[i]);
    }
}