POST 和 PUT 在 HTTP 中有什么区别?

背景信息分析:

根据 RFC 2616,第 9.5 条,POST 用于创建资源:

使用 POST 方法要求原始服务器接受请求中包含的实体作为请求-URI 在请求线中识别的资源的新子属。

根据 RFC 2616,第 9.6 条,PUT 用于创建或取代资源:

PUT 方法要求关闭的实体存储在提供的请求-URI. 如果请求-URI 提到已经存在的资源,关闭的实体 SHOULD 将被视为居住在原始服务器的修改版本. 如果请求-URI 没有指向现有资源,并且 URI 能够由请求用户年龄定义为新资源。

我的问题:

那么,哪种HTTP方法应该用于创建资源?或者两者都应该得到支持?

当前回答

Create => HTTP PUT
Retrieve => HTTP GET
Update => HTTP POST
Delete => HTTP DELETE

事实上, CRUD 操作的 R(选择) 和 D(选择) 可以直接地图到 HTTP 方法 GET 和 DELETE 相应。然而,混淆在 C(现实) 和 U(更新) 操作中。在某些情况下,可以使用 PUT 为创建而在其他情况下需要 POST。

基于上述定义,我的使用 HTTP PUT 方法与使用 HTTP POST 方法为 REST 服务是: 使用 HTTP PUT 方法,当:

The client includes all aspect of the resource including the unique identifier to uniquely identify the resource. Example: creating a new employee.
The client provides all the information for a resource to be able to modify that resource.This implies that the server side does not update any aspect of the resource (such as an update date).

The server will provide some information concerning the newly created resource. For example, take a logging system. A new entry in the log will most likely have a numbering scheme which is determined on the server side. Upon creating a new log entry, the new sequence number will be determined by the server and not by the client.
On a modification of a resource, the server will provide such information as a resource state or an update date. Again in this case not all information was provided by the client and the resource will be changing from one modification request to the next. Hence a non idempotent operation.

结论

2013-10-10 04:18:51

其他回答

使用 POST 创建,而 PUT 更新,这就是 Ruby on Rails 如何做到这一点。

PUT    /items/1      #=> update
POST   /items        #=> create

2009-03-10 14:28:57

我想添加我的“实用”建议. 使用 PUT 当你知道“ID”可以恢复你正在储存的对象. 使用 PUT 不会工作太好,如果你需要, 说, 数据库创建的 ID 将被返回给你进行未来的搜索或更新。

因此: 保存现有用户,或者客户端创建 ID 的用户,并确认 ID 是独一无二的:

PUT /user/12345 HTTP/1.1  <-- create the user providing the id 12345
Host: mydomain.example

GET /user/12345 HTTP/1.1  <-- return that user
Host: mydomain.example

否则,使用 POST 首先创建对象,然后使用 PUT 更新对象:

POST /user HTTP/1.1   <--- create the user, server returns 12345
Host: mydomain.example

PUT /user/12345 HTTP/1.1  <--- update the user
Host: mydomain.example

2011-01-15 19:59:06

Create => HTTP PUT
Retrieve => HTTP GET
Update => HTTP POST
Delete => HTTP DELETE

基于上述定义,我的使用 HTTP PUT 方法与使用 HTTP POST 方法为 REST 服务是: 使用 HTTP PUT 方法,当:

The client includes all aspect of the resource including the unique identifier to uniquely identify the resource. Example: creating a new employee.
The client provides all the information for a resource to be able to modify that resource.This implies that the server side does not update any aspect of the resource (such as an update date).

The server will provide some information concerning the newly created resource. For example, take a logging system. A new entry in the log will most likely have a numbering scheme which is determined on the server side. Upon creating a new log entry, the new sequence number will be determined by the server and not by the client.
On a modification of a resource, the server will provide such information as a resource state or an update date. Again in this case not all information was provided by the client and the resource will be changing from one modification request to the next. Hence a non idempotent operation.

结论

2013-10-10 04:18:51

PUT 仅仅是该服务应该从现在开始使用的内容的声明,以便代表客户所识别的资源; POST 是该服务应该从现在开始包含(可能复制)的内容的声明,但服务器如何识别该内容。

PUT x(如果 x 识别一个资源):“用我的内容取代 x 识别的资源的内容。

原始答案(可能更容易阅读):

“拿我给你的东西,把它放在你想要的任何地方,只要你给我它的URL,当你完成。

2012-08-01 20:10:42

除了其他人提出的差异之外,我想添加另一个。

在 POST 方法中,您可以在表格数据中发送身体参数

在 PUT 方法中,您必须在 x-www-form-urlencoded 中发送身体参数

标题内容类型:应用程序/x-www-form-urlencoded

因此,您不能在 PUT 方法中发送文件或多部分数据。