简而言之:尽可能少的访问(参见Jon Skeet的回答)。

长一点的回答:

非嵌套类型、枚举和委托可访问性(可能只有内部或公共可访问性)

|默认|允许声明的访问权限 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 命名空间| public | none(总是隐式公共) Enum | public | public，内部 接口| internal | public, internal 类| internal | public, internal Struct | internal | public, internal 委托|内部|公共，内部

嵌套类型和成员可访问性

| Default | Permitted declared accessibilities ------------------------------------------------------------------ namespace | public | none (always implicitly public) enum | public | All¹ interface | public | All¹ class | private | All¹ struct | private | public, internal, private² delegate | private | All¹ constructor | private | All¹ enum member | public | none (always implicitly public) interface member | public | none (always implicitly public) method | private | All¹ field | private | All¹ user-defined operator| none | public (must be declared public) ¹ All === public, protected, internal, private, protected internal ² structs cannot inherit from structs or classes (although they can, interfaces), hence protected is not a valid modifier

嵌套类型的可访问性取决于其可访问域，该域由成员声明的可访问性和直接包含类型的可访问性域共同决定。但是，嵌套类型的可访问域不能超过包含类型的可访问域。

注意:CIL还提供了受保护的和内部的(与现有的受保护的”或“内部的”相对)，但据我所知，这在c#中目前是不可用的。

See:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ba0a1yw2.aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms173121.aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cx03xt0t.aspx (我喜欢微软的网址…)

简而言之:尽可能少的访问(参见Jon Skeet的回答)。

长一点的回答:

非嵌套类型、枚举和委托可访问性(可能只有内部或公共可访问性)

|默认|允许声明的访问权限 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 命名空间| public | none(总是隐式公共) Enum | public | public，内部 接口| internal | public, internal 类| internal | public, internal Struct | internal | public, internal 委托|内部|公共，内部

嵌套类型和成员可访问性

| Default | Permitted declared accessibilities ------------------------------------------------------------------ namespace | public | none (always implicitly public) enum | public | All¹ interface | public | All¹ class | private | All¹ struct | private | public, internal, private² delegate | private | All¹ constructor | private | All¹ enum member | public | none (always implicitly public) interface member | public | none (always implicitly public) method | private | All¹ field | private | All¹ user-defined operator| none | public (must be declared public) ¹ All === public, protected, internal, private, protected internal ² structs cannot inherit from structs or classes (although they can, interfaces), hence protected is not a valid modifier

嵌套类型的可访问性取决于其可访问域，该域由成员声明的可访问性和直接包含类型的可访问性域共同决定。但是，嵌套类型的可访问域不能超过包含类型的可访问域。

注意:CIL还提供了受保护的和内部的(与现有的受保护的”或“内部的”相对)，但据我所知，这在c#中目前是不可用的。

See:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ba0a1yw2.aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms173121.aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cx03xt0t.aspx (我喜欢微软的网址…)

top level class: internal
method: private
members (unless an interface or enum): private (including nested classes)
members (of interface or enum): public
constructor: private (note that if no constructor is explicitly defined, a public default constructor will be automatically defined)
delegate: internal
interface: internal
explicitly implemented interface member: public!

c#中所有东西的默认访问权限是“你可以为该成员声明的最受限制的访问权限”。

例如:

namespace MyCompany
{
    class Outer
    {
        void Foo() {}
        class Inner {}
    }
}

等于

namespace MyCompany
{
    internal class Outer
    {
        private void Foo() {}
        private class Inner {}
    }
}

这种情况的一个例外是使属性的一部分(通常是setter)比属性本身声明的可访问性更受限制:

public string Name
{
    get { ... }
    private set { ... } // This isn't the default, have to do it explicitly
}

这是c# 3.0规范必须说的(第3.5.1节):

Depending on the context in which a member declaration takes place, only certain types of declared accessibility are permitted. Furthermore, when a member declaration does not include any access modifiers, the context in which the declaration takes place determines the default declared accessibility. Namespaces implicitly have public declared accessibility. No access modifiers are allowed on namespace declarations. Types declared in compilation units or namespaces can have public or internal declared accessibility and default to internal declared accessibility. Class members can have any of the five kinds of declared accessibility and default to private declared accessibility. (Note that a type declared as a member of a class can have any of the five kinds of declared accessibility, whereas a type declared as a member of a namespace can have only public or internal declared accessibility.) Struct members can have public, internal, or private declared accessibility and default to private declared accessibility because structs are implicitly sealed. Struct members introduced in a struct (that is, not inherited by that struct) cannot have protected or protected internal declared accessibility. (Note that a type declared as a member of a struct can have public, internal, or private declared accessibility, whereas a type declared as a member of a namespace can have only public or internal declared accessibility.) Interface members implicitly have public declared accessibility. No access modifiers are allowed on interface member declarations. Enumeration members implicitly have public declared accessibility. No access modifiers are allowed on enumeration member declarations.

(请注意，嵌套类型将出现在“类成员”或“结构成员”部分-因此默认为私有可见性。)

我想添加一些文档链接。点击这里查看更多细节。

Internal是类的默认访问修饰符。

Private是类成员的默认访问修饰符。