我想将流程的标准输出和标准错误重定向到单个文件。我在巴什怎么做?


当前回答

我想要一个解决方案,将stdout和stderr的输出写入日志文件,并且stderr仍在控制台上。所以我需要通过tee复制stderr输出。

这是我找到的解决方案:

command 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3 1>>logfile | tee -a logfile

第一次交换stderr和stdout然后将stdout附加到日志文件将stderr管道到tee,并将其附加到日志文件中

其他回答

除了费南多·法布雷蒂所做的,我稍微改变了一下功能,去掉了&关闭,这对我来说很有用。

    function saveStandardOutputs {
      if [ "$OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED" == "false" ]; then
        exec 3>&1
        exec 4>&2
        trap restoreStandardOutputs EXIT
      else
          echo "[ERROR]: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: Cannot save standard outputs because they have been redirected before"
          exit 1;
      fi
  }

  # Parameters: $1 => logfile to write to
  function redirectOutputsToLogfile {
      if [ "$OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED" == "false" ]; then
        LOGFILE=$1
        if [ -z "$LOGFILE" ]; then
            echo "[ERROR]: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: logfile empty [$LOGFILE]"
        fi
        if [ ! -f $LOGFILE ]; then
            touch $LOGFILE
        fi
        if [ ! -f $LOGFILE ]; then
            echo "[ERROR]: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: creating logfile [$LOGFILE]"
            exit 1
        fi
        saveStandardOutputs
        exec 1>>${LOGFILE}
        exec 2>&1
        OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED="true"
      else
        echo "[ERROR]: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: Cannot redirect standard outputs because they have been redirected before"
          exit 1;
      fi
  }

  function restoreStandardOutputs {
      if [ "$OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED" == "true" ]; then
      exec 1>&3   #restore stdout
      exec 2>&4   #restore stderr
      OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED="false"
     fi
  }

  LOGFILE_NAME="tmp/one.log"
  OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED="false"

  echo "this goes to standard output"
  redirectOutputsToLogfile $LOGFILE_NAME
  echo "this goes to logfile"
  echo "${LOGFILE_NAME}"
  restoreStandardOutputs
  echo "After restore this goes to standard output"

以下函数可用于自动切换stdout/stderr和日志文件之间的输出。

#!/bin/bash

    #set -x

    # global vars
    OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED="false"
    LOGFILE=/dev/stdout

    # "private" function used by redirect_outputs_to_logfile()
    function save_standard_outputs {
        if [ "$OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED" == "true" ]; then
            echo "[ERROR]: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: Cannot save standard outputs because they have been redirected before"
            exit 1;
        fi
        exec 3>&1
        exec 4>&2

        trap restore_standard_outputs EXIT
    }

    # Params: $1 => logfile to write to
    function redirect_outputs_to_logfile {
        if [ "$OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED" == "true" ]; then
            echo "[ERROR]: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: Cannot redirect standard outputs because they have been redirected before"
            exit 1;
        fi
        LOGFILE=$1
        if [ -z "$LOGFILE" ]; then
            echo "[ERROR]: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: logfile empty [$LOGFILE]"

        fi
        if [ ! -f $LOGFILE ]; then
            touch $LOGFILE
        fi
        if [ ! -f $LOGFILE ]; then
            echo "[ERROR]: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: creating logfile [$LOGFILE]"
            exit 1
        fi

        save_standard_outputs

        exec 1>>${LOGFILE%.log}.log
        exec 2>&1
        OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED="true"
    }

    # "private" function used by save_standard_outputs() 
    function restore_standard_outputs {
        if [ "$OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED" == "false" ]; then
            echo "[ERROR]: ${FUNCNAME[0]}: Cannot restore standard outputs because they have NOT been redirected"
            exit 1;
        fi
        exec 1>&-   #closes FD 1 (logfile)
        exec 2>&-   #closes FD 2 (logfile)
        exec 2>&4   #restore stderr
        exec 1>&3   #restore stdout

        OUTPUTS_REDIRECTED="false"
    }

脚本内部用法示例:

echo "this goes to stdout"
redirect_outputs_to_logfile /tmp/one.log
echo "this goes to logfile"
restore_standard_outputs 
echo "this goes to stdout"
LOG_FACILITY="local7.notice"
LOG_TOPIC="my-prog-name"
LOG_TOPIC_OUT="$LOG_TOPIC-out[$$]"
LOG_TOPIC_ERR="$LOG_TOPIC-err[$$]"

exec 3>&1 > >(tee -a /dev/fd/3 | logger -p "$LOG_FACILITY" -t "$LOG_TOPIC_OUT" )
exec 2> >(logger -p "$LOG_FACILITY" -t "$LOG_TOPIC_ERR" )

它是相关的:将标准输出和标准错误写入syslog。

它几乎可以工作,但不能从xinetd;(

看看这里。应该是:

yourcommand &> filename

它将标准输出和标准错误重定向到文件名。

您可以将stderr重定向到stdout,并将stdout重定向到文件中:

some_command >file.log 2>&1

见第20章。I/O重定向

这种格式比最流行的仅适用于Bash的&>格式更受欢迎。在Bourne shell中,它可以解释为在后台运行命令。格式也更可读-2(标准错误)重定向为1(标准输出)。