我正在尝试使用Xcode 7 beta 2中提供的新UI测试编写一个测试用例。该应用程序有一个登录屏幕,它调用服务器登录。由于这是一个异步操作,因此存在与此相关的延迟。
在进行进一步的步骤之前,是否有一种方法可以在XCTestCase中引起延迟或等待机制?
没有合适的文档,我浏览了类的头文件。找不到任何与此相关的信息。
意见/建议吗?
我正在尝试使用Xcode 7 beta 2中提供的新UI测试编写一个测试用例。该应用程序有一个登录屏幕,它调用服务器登录。由于这是一个异步操作,因此存在与此相关的延迟。
在进行进一步的步骤之前,是否有一种方法可以在XCTestCase中引起延迟或等待机制?
没有合适的文档,我浏览了类的头文件。找不到任何与此相关的信息。
意见/建议吗?
当前回答
下面的代码只适用于Objective C。
- (void)wait:(NSUInteger)interval {
XCTestExpectation *expectation = [self expectationWithDescription:@"wait"];
dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(interval * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[expectation fulfill];
});
[self waitForExpectationsWithTimeout:interval handler:nil];
}
只需调用这个函数,如下所示。
[self wait: 10];
其他回答
下面的代码只适用于Objective C。
- (void)wait:(NSUInteger)interval {
XCTestExpectation *expectation = [self expectationWithDescription:@"wait"];
dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(interval * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
[expectation fulfill];
});
[self waitForExpectationsWithTimeout:interval handler:nil];
}
只需调用这个函数,如下所示。
[self wait: 10];
基于@Ted的回答,我使用了这个扩展:
extension XCTestCase {
// Based on https://stackoverflow.com/a/33855219
func waitFor<T>(object: T, timeout: TimeInterval = 5, file: String = #file, line: UInt = #line, expectationPredicate: @escaping (T) -> Bool) {
let predicate = NSPredicate { obj, _ in
expectationPredicate(obj as! T)
}
expectation(for: predicate, evaluatedWith: object, handler: nil)
waitForExpectations(timeout: timeout) { error in
if (error != nil) {
let message = "Failed to fulful expectation block for \(object) after \(timeout) seconds."
let location = XCTSourceCodeLocation(filePath: file, lineNumber: line)
let issue = XCTIssue(type: .assertionFailure, compactDescription: message, detailedDescription: nil, sourceCodeContext: .init(location: location), associatedError: nil, attachments: [])
self.record(issue)
}
}
}
}
你可以这样用
let element = app.staticTexts["Name of your element"]
waitFor(object: element) { $0.exists }
它还允许等待元素消失或任何其他属性更改(通过使用适当的块)
waitFor(object: element) { !$0.exists } // Wait for it to disappear
根据XCUIElement的API, .exists可以用来检查查询是否存在,所以下面的语法在某些情况下是有用的!
let app = XCUIApplication()
app.launch()
let label = app.staticTexts["Hello, world!"]
while !label.exists {
sleep(1)
}
如果你有信心你的期望最终会得到满足,你可以试着运行这个。应该注意的是,如果等待太长,崩溃可能是可取的,在这种情况下,应该使用@Joe Masilotti的帖子中的waitForExpectationsWithTimeout(_,handler:_)。
此外,你可以只睡觉:
sleep(10)
因为uitest在另一个进程中运行,所以这是可行的。我不知道这有多明智,但确实有效。
Xcode 9 引入了XCTWaiter的新技巧
测试用例显式等待
wait(for: [documentExpectation], timeout: 10)
服务员实例委托测试
XCTWaiter(delegate: self).wait(for: [documentExpectation], timeout: 10)
服务生类返回结果
let result = XCTWaiter.wait(for: [documentExpectation], timeout: 10)
switch(result) {
case .completed:
//all expectations were fulfilled before timeout!
case .timedOut:
//timed out before all of its expectations were fulfilled
case .incorrectOrder:
//expectations were not fulfilled in the required order
case .invertedFulfillment:
//an inverted expectation was fulfilled
case .interrupted:
//waiter was interrupted before completed or timedOut
}
示例使用
在Xcode 9之前
Objective - C
- (void)waitForElementToAppear:(XCUIElement *)element withTimeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout
{
NSUInteger line = __LINE__;
NSString *file = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:__FILE__];
NSPredicate *existsPredicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"exists == true"];
[self expectationForPredicate:existsPredicate evaluatedWithObject:element handler:nil];
[self waitForExpectationsWithTimeout:timeout handler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (error != nil) {
NSString *message = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Failed to find %@ after %f seconds",element,timeout];
[self recordFailureWithDescription:message inFile:file atLine:line expected:YES];
}
}];
}
使用
XCUIElement *element = app.staticTexts["Name of your element"];
[self waitForElementToAppear:element withTimeout:5];
斯威夫特
func waitForElementToAppear(element: XCUIElement, timeout: NSTimeInterval = 5, file: String = #file, line: UInt = #line) {
let existsPredicate = NSPredicate(format: "exists == true")
expectationForPredicate(existsPredicate,
evaluatedWithObject: element, handler: nil)
waitForExpectationsWithTimeout(timeout) { (error) -> Void in
if (error != nil) {
let message = "Failed to find \(element) after \(timeout) seconds."
self.recordFailureWithDescription(message, inFile: file, atLine: line, expected: true)
}
}
}
使用
let element = app.staticTexts["Name of your element"]
self.waitForElementToAppear(element)
or
let element = app.staticTexts["Name of your element"]
self.waitForElementToAppear(element, timeout: 10)
源