如何从特定的变更集中提取补丁?

$ hg export -o patchfile changeset

然后你可以导入到另一个分支:

$ hg import patchfile

您如何查看未提交的内容或当前代码库的状态?

要查看已更改的文件列表:

$ hg status

这将打印每个已更改的文件及其状态，包括:

M - Modified. The file has been changed and the changes have not been committed. A - Added. The file was not tracked before, but if you commit Mercurial will begin tracking it. R - Removed. The file was tracked before, but if you commit Mercurial will cease tracking it in this and future commits. ? - Unknown. The file is not currently tracked by Mercurial. Committing will have no effect on it unless you use hg add to add it. ! - Missing. The file was tracked but Mercurial cannot find it in the working copy.

要查看实际对文件所做的更改:

$ hg diff

你如何“标记”、“标记”或“发布”一组特定文件的特定修订，以便以后总是可以提取它?

$ hg tag my-tag

您还可以克隆存储库来创建一个特殊的标记存储库。

$ hg clone working-repository my-tag-repository

如何与Subversion交互?

有三种方法:

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convert扩展将把一个现有的Subversion存储库克隆为一个Mercurial存储库。它是Mercurial公司提供的。它的工作原理大致如下:

hg convert <Subversion URL or directory> <path to new Mercurial repository>

例如，这将获取SixApart memcached存储库的主干。

hg convert http://code.sixapart.com/svn/memcached/trunk

扩展可以增量地将新修订从Subversion存储库引入Mercurial存储库(有点像pull)。但是，它不支持获取Mercurial的修订并将它们发送回Subversion(不推送)。[XXX:如有错误请纠正]。

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The hgsubversion extension. It is in many ways the most sophisticated solution as it uses the Subversion API to communicate with the Subversion repository. It aims to become the hg-svn bridge. It allow full round-tripping of revisions (full clone, pull, and push), However as of this writing [XXX: Amend this if/when it becomes incorrect] it is still in development and there are not yet official releases. As a consequence it works with only the most up-to-date Mercurial (1.3 as of this writing).

It maps tags and branches (preceding all tags with tags/ to distinguish them from equivalently named branches). It maintains a special branch closed-branches for closing off branches which are removed in Subversion. It requires that the Subversion repository be laid out according to the convention of trunk/branches/tags. The command set is typically hg svn <subcommand> though it aims at being integrated to the point that you don't need the 'svn' part (i.e. it wants to treat a Subversion clone as much as possible like any other Mercurial repository).;

它是这样工作的:

克隆:

hg svnclone <Subversion URL> 

OR(仅适用于svn:// url)

hg clone <svn:// URL>

拉:

hg svn pull

推动:

hg svn push

输入:

hg svn incoming

输出:

hg svn outgoing

检查整个存储库:

hg svnclone http://code.sixapart.com/svn/memcached

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hgsvn实用程序(位桶树)。直到最近，这只允许您克隆和提取Subversion存储库，但从hgsvn 0.1.7开始，它支持推送。我不知道它推力有多大。任何有经验的人都应该更新这个。它有以下显著特点:

It generates a Mercurial tag for every SVN tag. It puts a local tag on every changeset to mark its SVN revision. It puts every Mercurial revision on a named branch named after its SVN branch. For example branches/some-feature would be like hg branch some-feature. It puts the trunk on trunk (i.e. nothing is on the Mercurial default branch, unless the user explicitly switches to it.) It will try to identify branches and tags, and create them but if it can't it just skips them. This is handy when the Subversion repository is not following the conventional trunk/branches/tags layout.

它是这样工作的:

克隆:

hgimportsvn <Subversion URL>

拉:

hgpullsvn

推动:

hgpushsvn

输入:

hgpullsvn -n

输出:

hgpushsvn -n

检查整个存储库:

hgimportsvn http://code.sixapart.com/svn/memcached

检查只是后备箱:

hgimportsvn http://code.sixapart.com/svn/memcached/trunk

如何设置Mercurial?

Mercurial将其配置信息存储在~/中。*nix系统为%UserProfile%\ mercury .ini, Windows系统为%UserProfile%\ mercury .ini。(%UserProfile%在Windows 2000或Windows XP系统上通常是“C:\Documents and Settings\[username]\”，在Windows Vista和Windows 7系统上通常是C:\ users \[username]\)

首先，你应该在你的.hgrc或mercury .ini中设置你的Mercurial用户名:

# This is a Mercurial configuration file.
[ui]
username = Firstname Lastname <email.address@example.net>

Windows系统上的TortoiseHg用户也可以执行hgtk userconfig命令

参见“Mercurial:权威指南”第2章中的“创建Mercurial配置文件”。

如何将其配置为忽略文件?

Ignore是在存储库根目录中一个名为.hgignore的普通文本文件中配置的。添加它就像一个普通的文件:

hg add .hgignore

有两种语法选项可用于文件匹配，glob和regexp。Glob是类unix的文件名扩展，regexp是正则表达式。通过在一行上单独添加syntax: glob或syntax: regexp来激活每一个。接下来的所有行都将使用该语法，直到下一个语法标记。您可以有任意多的语法标记。默认语法是regexp，因此如果只使用regexp，则不需要任何语法标记。

您可以使用#添加注释

例子:

# python temporary files
syntax: glob
*.pyc

#editor autosaves
*~

# temporary data
syntax: regexp
temp

Ignore仅适用于非托管文件(即尚未签入的文件)。要忽略版本控制下的文件，可以使用开关-I和-X。