我在服务器端有一个Struts2操作用于文件下载。

<action name="download" class="com.xxx.DownAction">
    <result name="success" type="stream">
        <param name="contentType">text/plain</param>
        <param name="inputName">imageStream</param>
        <param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename={fileName}</param>
        <param name="bufferSize">1024</param>
    </result>
</action>

然而,当我使用jQuery调用动作时:

$.post(
  "/download.action",{
    para1:value1,
    para2:value2
    ....
  },function(data){
      console.info(data);
   }
);

在Firebug中,我看到数据是用二进制流检索的。我想知道如何打开文件下载窗口,用户可以在本地保存文件?


当前回答

让浏览器下载文件的简单方法是像这样发出请求:

 function downloadFile(urlToSend) {
     var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
     req.open("GET", urlToSend, true);
     req.responseType = "blob";
     req.onload = function (event) {
         var blob = req.response;
         var fileName = req.getResponseHeader("fileName") //if you have the fileName header available
         var link=document.createElement('a');
         link.href=window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
         link.download=fileName;
         link.click();
     };

     req.send();
 }

这将打开浏览器下载弹出。

其他回答

我尝试下载一个CSV文件,然后在下载完成后做一些事情。所以我需要实现一个适当的回调函数。

使用window.location="…"不是一个好主意,因为下载完成后我无法操作该程序。像这样,改变头,所以这不是一个好主意。

fetch是一个很好的选择,但是它不支持ie11。window.URL.createObjectURL不支持ie11。你可以参考这个。

这是我的密码,它类似于沙赫鲁克·阿拉姆的密码。但你应该注意window。url。createobjecturl可能会造成内存泄漏。你可以参考这个。当响应到达时,数据将被存储到浏览器的内存中。因此,在单击链接之前,文件已经下载。这意味着下载后你可以做任何事情。

$.ajax({
    url: 'your download url',
    type: 'GET',
}).done(function (data, textStatus, request) {
    // csv => Blob
    var blob = new Blob([data]);

    // the file name from server.
    var fileName = request.getResponseHeader('fileName');

    if (window.navigator && window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob) { // for IE
    window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob(blob, fileName);
    } else { // for others
    var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
    const a = document.createElement('a');
    a.style.display = 'none';
    a.href = url;
    a.download = fileName;
    document.body.appendChild(a);
    a.click();
    window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);

    //Do something after download 
    ...

    }
}).then(after_download)
}

这是使用MVC时的工作代码,你从控制器中获取文件

假设你有你的字节数组声明和填充,你唯一需要做的是使用文件函数(使用System.Web.Mvc)

byte[] bytes = .... insert your bytes in the array
return File(bytes, System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Octet, "nameoffile.exe");

然后,在同一个控制器中,添加这两个函数

protected override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext context)
    {
        CheckAndHandleFileResult(context);

        base.OnResultExecuting(context);
    }

    private const string FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME = "fileDownload";

    /// <summary>
    /// If the current response is a FileResult (an MVC base class for files) then write a
    /// cookie to inform jquery.fileDownload that a successful file download has occured
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context"></param>
    private void CheckAndHandleFileResult(ResultExecutingContext context)
    {
        if (context.Result is FileResult)
            //jquery.fileDownload uses this cookie to determine that a file download has completed successfully
            Response.SetCookie(new HttpCookie(FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME, "true") { Path = "/" });
        else
            //ensure that the cookie is removed in case someone did a file download without using jquery.fileDownload
            if (Request.Cookies[FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME] != null)
                Response.Cookies[FILE_DOWNLOAD_COOKIE_NAME].Expires = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-1);
    }

然后你将能够调用你的控制器来下载并获得"success"或"failure"回调

$.fileDownload(mvcUrl('name of the controller'), {
            httpMethod: 'POST',
            successCallback: function (url) {
            //insert success code

            },
            failCallback: function (html, url) {
            //insert fail code
            }
        });

我为这个问题挣扎了很长一段时间。最后,这里建议的一个优雅的外部库帮助了我。

这就是它在任何浏览器中都很好(我使用asp.net核心)

function onDownload() { const api = '@Url.Action("myaction", "mycontroller")'; var form = new FormData(document.getElementById('form1')); fetch(api, { body: form, method: "POST"}) .then(resp => resp.blob()) .then(blob => { const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob); $('#linkdownload').attr('download', 'Attachement.zip'); $('#linkdownload').attr("href", url); $('#linkdownload') .fadeIn(3000, function() { }); }) .catch(() => alert('An error occurred')); } <button type="button" onclick="onDownload()" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Click to Process Files</button> <a role="button" href="#" style="display: none" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary" id="linkdownload">Click to download Attachments</a> <form asp-controller="mycontroller" asp-action="myaction" id="form1"></form>

        function onDownload() {
            const api = '@Url.Action("myaction", "mycontroller")'; 
            //form1 is your id form, and to get data content of form
            var form = new FormData(document.getElementById('form1'));

            fetch(api, { body: form, method: "POST"})
                .then(resp => resp.blob())
                .then(blob => {
                    const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
                    $('#linkdownload').attr('download', 'Attachments.zip');
                    $('#linkdownload').attr("href", url);
                    $('#linkdownload')
                        .fadeIn(3000,
                            function() {

                            });
                })
                .catch(() => alert('An error occurred'));                 

        }

在Rails中,我是这样做的:

function download_file(file_id) {
  let url       = '/files/' + file_id + '/download_file';
    $.ajax({
    type: 'GET',
    url: url,
    processData: false,
    success: function (data) {
       window.location = url;
    },
    error: function (xhr) {
     console.log(' Error:  >>>> ' + JSON.stringify(xhr));
    }
   });
 }

诀窍在于窗户。位置的部分。控制器的方法如下所示:

# GET /files/{:id}/download_file/
def download_file
    send_file(@file.file,
          :disposition => 'attachment',
          :url_based_filename => false)
end