我已经将记录插入到SQL Server数据库表中。该表定义了一个主键,并且自动递增标识种子被设置为“Yes”。这样做主要是因为在SQL Azure中,每个表都必须定义一个主键和标识。

但是由于我必须从表中删除一些记录,这些表的标识种子将受到干扰,索引列(自动生成的增量为1)也将受到干扰。

如何在删除记录后重置标识列,使该列具有升序数字顺序?

标识列在数据库中的任何地方都不能用作外键。


当前回答

我尝试了@anil shahs的答案,它重置了身份。但是当插入新的行时,它得到了恒等式= 2。所以我把语法改为:

DELETE FROM [TestTable]

DBCC CHECKIDENT ('[TestTable]', RESEED, 0)
GO

那么第一行将得到恒等式= 1。

其他回答

需要注意的是,如果所有的数据都是通过DELETE从表中删除的(即没有WHERE子句),那么只要a)权限允许,b)没有fk引用表(这里似乎就是这种情况),使用TRUNCATE table将是首选,因为它可以更有效地DELETE并同时重置IDENTITY种子。以下细节取自TRUNCATE TABLE的MSDN页面:

Compared to the DELETE statement, TRUNCATE TABLE has the following advantages: Less transaction log space is used. The DELETE statement removes rows one at a time and records an entry in the transaction log for each deleted row. TRUNCATE TABLE removes the data by deallocating the data pages used to store the table data and records only the page deallocations in the transaction log. Fewer locks are typically used. When the DELETE statement is executed using a row lock, each row in the table is locked for deletion. TRUNCATE TABLE always locks the table (including a schema (SCH-M) lock) and page but not each row. Without exception, zero pages are left in the table. After a DELETE statement is executed, the table can still contain empty pages. For example, empty pages in a heap cannot be deallocated without at least an exclusive (LCK_M_X) table lock. If the delete operation does not use a table lock, the table (heap) will contain many empty pages. For indexes, the delete operation can leave empty pages behind, although these pages will be deallocated quickly by a background cleanup process. If the table contains an identity column, the counter for that column is reset to the seed value defined for the column. If no seed was defined, the default value 1 is used. To retain the identity counter, use DELETE instead.

下面是:

DELETE FROM [MyTable];
DBCC CHECKIDENT ('[MyTable]', RESEED, 0);

变成:

TRUNCATE TABLE [MyTable];

请参阅TRUNCATE TABLE文档(上面有链接)以获得有关限制等的其他信息。

发出2号命令就可以做到这一点

DBCC CHECKIDENT ('[TestTable]', RESEED,0)
DBCC CHECKIDENT ('[TestTable]', RESEED)

第一个将标识重置为零,下一个将其设置为下一个可用值 ——雅各

在开发过程中,我一直试图为大量的表完成这项工作,这非常有效。

DBCC CHECKIDENT('www.newsType', RESEED, 1);
DBCC CHECKIDENT('www.newsType', RESEED);

因此,您首先强制将其设置为1,然后将其设置为表中当前行的最高索引。快速和简单的休息idex。

我使用下面的脚本来做到这一点。只有一种情况下,它会产生一个“错误”,即如果你已经删除了表中的所有行,而IDENT_CURRENT当前设置为1,即表中只有一行开始。

DECLARE @maxID int = (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM dbo.Tbl)
;

IF @maxID IS NULL
    IF (SELECT IDENT_CURRENT('dbo.Tbl')) > 1
        DBCC CHECKIDENT ('dbo.Tbl', RESEED, 0)
    ELSE
        DBCC CHECKIDENT ('dbo.Tbl', RESEED, 1)
    ;
ELSE
    DBCC CHECKIDENT ('dbo.Tbl', RESEED, @maxID)
;

截断表是首选,因为它可以清除记录,重置计数器并回收磁盘空间。

Delete和CheckIdent应该只在外键阻止截断的情况下使用。