这不是一个很聪明的方法，但我也遇到过同样的问题，这对我来说很有效:

import csv

f = open('data.json')
data = json.load(f)
f.close()

new_data = []

for i in data:
   flat = {}
   names = i.keys()
   for n in names:
      try:
         if len(i[n].keys()) > 0:
            for ii in i[n].keys():
               flat[n+"_"+ii] = i[n][ii]
      except:
         flat[n] = i[n]
   new_data.append(flat)  

f = open(filename, "r")
writer = csv.DictWriter(f, new_data[0].keys())
writer.writeheader()
for row in new_data:
   writer.writerow(row)
f.close()

我可能迟到了，但我想，我已经处理过类似的问题。我有一个json文件，看起来像这样

我只想从这些json文件中提取一些键/值。因此，我编写了下面的代码来提取相同的内容。

    """json_to_csv.py
    This script reads n numbers of json files present in a folder and then extract certain data from each file and write in a csv file.
    The folder contains the python script i.e. json_to_csv.py, output.csv and another folder descriptions containing all the json files.
"""

import os
import json
import csv


def get_list_of_json_files():
    """Returns the list of filenames of all the Json files present in the folder
    Parameter
    ---------
    directory : str
        'descriptions' in this case
    Returns
    -------
    list_of_files: list
        List of the filenames of all the json files
    """

    list_of_files = os.listdir('descriptions')  # creates list of all the files in the folder

    return list_of_files


def create_list_from_json(jsonfile):
    """Returns a list of the extracted items from json file in the same order we need it.
    Parameter
    _________
    jsonfile : json
        The json file containing the data
    Returns
    -------
    one_sample_list : list
        The list of the extracted items needed for the final csv
    """

    with open(jsonfile) as f:
        data = json.load(f)

    data_list = []  # create an empty list

    # append the items to the list in the same order.
    data_list.append(data['_id'])
    data_list.append(data['_modelType'])
    data_list.append(data['creator']['_id'])
    data_list.append(data['creator']['name'])
    data_list.append(data['dataset']['_accessLevel'])
    data_list.append(data['dataset']['_id'])
    data_list.append(data['dataset']['description'])
    data_list.append(data['dataset']['name'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['acquisition']['image_type'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['acquisition']['pixelsX'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['acquisition']['pixelsY'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['age_approx'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['benign_malignant'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['diagnosis'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['diagnosis_confirm_type'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['melanocytic'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['clinical']['sex'])
    data_list.append(data['meta']['unstructured']['diagnosis'])
    # In few json files, the race was not there so using KeyError exception to add '' at the place
    try:
        data_list.append(data['meta']['unstructured']['race'])
    except KeyError:
        data_list.append("")  # will add an empty string in case race is not there.
    data_list.append(data['name'])

    return data_list


def write_csv():
    """Creates the desired csv file
    Parameters
    __________
    list_of_files : file
        The list created by get_list_of_json_files() method
    result.csv : csv
        The csv file containing the header only
    Returns
    _______
    result.csv : csv
        The desired csv file
    """

    list_of_files = get_list_of_json_files()
    for file in list_of_files:
        row = create_list_from_json(f'descriptions/{file}')  # create the row to be added to csv for each file (json-file)
        with open('output.csv', 'a') as c:
            writer = csv.writer(c)
            writer.writerow(row)
        c.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    write_csv()

我希望这能有所帮助。有关此代码如何工作的详细信息，请查看这里

令人惊讶的是，我发现到目前为止贴在这里的答案都没有正确处理所有可能的场景(例如，嵌套字典，嵌套列表，无值等)。

这个解决方案应该适用于所有场景:

def flatten_json(json):
    def process_value(keys, value, flattened):
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            for key in value.keys():
                process_value(keys + [key], value[key], flattened)
        elif isinstance(value, list):
            for idx, v in enumerate(value):
                process_value(keys + [str(idx)], v, flattened)
        else:
            flattened['__'.join(keys)] = value

    flattened = {}
    for key in json.keys():
        process_value([key], json[key], flattened)
    return flattened

这段代码应该适用于您，假设您的JSON数据在一个名为data. JSON的文件中。

import json
import csv

with open("data.json") as file:
    data = json.load(file)

with open("data.csv", "w") as file:
    csv_file = csv.writer(file)
    for item in data:
        fields = list(item['fields'].values())
        csv_file.writerow([item['pk'], item['model']] + fields)

正如在前面的回答中提到的，将json转换为csv的困难在于json文件可以包含嵌套字典，因此是多维数据结构，而csv是2D数据结构。但是，将多维结构转换为csv的一个好方法是使用多个主键连接在一起的csv。

在你的例子中，第一个csv输出的列是“pk”，“model”，“fields”。“pk”和“model”的值很容易获得，但因为“fields”列包含一个字典，它应该是它自己的csv，因为“codename”似乎是主键，你可以使用作为“fields”的输入来完成第一个csv。第二个csv包含来自“fields”列的字典，以codename作为主键，可用于将两个csv绑定在一起。

这是一个解决方案，为您的json文件转换嵌套字典2 csv。

import csv
import json

def readAndWrite(inputFileName, primaryKey=""):
    input = open(inputFileName+".json")
    data = json.load(input)
    input.close()

    header = set()

    if primaryKey != "":
        outputFileName = inputFileName+"-"+primaryKey
        if inputFileName == "data":
            for i in data:
                for j in i["fields"].keys():
                    if j not in header:
                        header.add(j)
    else:
        outputFileName = inputFileName
        for i in data:
            for j in i.keys():
                if j not in header:
                    header.add(j)

    with open(outputFileName+".csv", 'wb') as output_file:
        fieldnames = list(header)
        writer = csv.DictWriter(output_file, fieldnames, delimiter=',', quotechar='"')
        writer.writeheader()
        for x in data:
            row_value = {}
            if primaryKey == "":
                for y in x.keys():
                    yValue = x.get(y)
                    if type(yValue) == int or type(yValue) == bool or type(yValue) == float or type(yValue) == list:
                        row_value[y] = str(yValue).encode('utf8')
                    elif type(yValue) != dict:
                        row_value[y] = yValue.encode('utf8')
                    else:
                        if inputFileName == "data":
                            row_value[y] = yValue["codename"].encode('utf8')
                            readAndWrite(inputFileName, primaryKey="codename")
                writer.writerow(row_value)
            elif primaryKey == "codename":
                for y in x["fields"].keys():
                    yValue = x["fields"].get(y)
                    if type(yValue) == int or type(yValue) == bool or type(yValue) == float or type(yValue) == list:
                        row_value[y] = str(yValue).encode('utf8')
                    elif type(yValue) != dict:
                        row_value[y] = yValue.encode('utf8')
                writer.writerow(row_value)

readAndWrite("data")

此代码适用于任何给定的json文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Mon Jun 17 20:35:35 2019
author: Ram
"""

import json
import csv

with open("file1.json") as file:
    data = json.load(file)



# create the csv writer object
pt_data1 = open('pt_data1.csv', 'w')
csvwriter = csv.writer(pt_data1)

count = 0

for pt in data:

      if count == 0:

             header = pt.keys()

             csvwriter.writerow(header)

             count += 1

      csvwriter.writerow(pt.values())

pt_data1.close()