我需要在PyLog conf文件中使用的PC的名称，并且套接字库不可用，但操作系统库可用。

对于Windows，我使用的是:

os.getenv('COMPUTERNAME', 'defaultValue')

哪里defaultValue是一个字符串，以防止None返回

关于什么:

import platform

h = platform.uname()[1]

实际上，你可能想看看platform.uname()中的所有结果

这两个都是非常可移植的:

import platform
platform.node()

import socket
socket.gethostname()

任何使用HOST或HOSTNAME环境变量的解决方案都不能移植。即使它在您的系统上运行时可以工作，但在cron等特殊环境中运行时可能无法工作。

在某些系统上，主机名是在环境中设置的。如果是这样的话，操作系统模块可以通过os.getenv把它从环境中拉出来。例如，如果HOSTNAME是包含你想要的内容的环境变量，下面将得到它:

import os
system_name = os.getenv('HOSTNAME')

Update: As noted in the comments, this doesn't always work, as not everyone's environment is set up this way. I believe that at the time I initially answered this I was using this solution as it was the first thing I'd found in a web search and it worked for me at the time. Due to the lack of portability I probably wouldn't use this now. However, I am leaving this answer for reference purposes. FWIW, it does eliminate the need for other imports if your environment has the system name and you are already importing the os module. Test it - if it doesn't work in all the environments in which you expect your program to operate, use one of the other solutions provided.

使用socket.getfqdn()获取完全限定的主机名

import socket

print socket.getfqdn()

你必须执行这行代码

sock_name = socket.gethostname()

然后你可以使用名称来查找地址:

print(socket.gethostbyname(sock_name))