如果我有对象的引用:
var test = {};
可能(但不是立即)具有嵌套对象,例如:
{level1: {level2: {level3: "level3"}}};
检查深度嵌套对象中是否存在属性的最佳方法是什么?
警报(测试级别1);生成未定义,但警告(test.level1.level2.level3);失败。
我目前正在做这样的事情:
if(test.level1 && test.level1.level2 && test.level1.level2.level3) {
alert(test.level1.level2.level3);
}
但我想知道是否有更好的方法。
根据@Stephane LaFlèche的回答,我提出了另一个剧本版本。
JSFiddle演示
var obj = {"a":{"b":{"c":"Hello World"}},"resTest":"potato","success":"This path exists"};
checkForPathInObject = function(object,path,value) {
var pathParts = path.split("."),
result = false;
// Check if required parameters are set; if not, return false
if(!object || typeof object == 'undefined' || !path || typeof path != 'string')
return false;
/* Loop through object keys to find a way to the path or check for value
* If the property does not exist, set result to false
* If the property is an object, update @object
* Otherwise, update result */
for(var i=0;i<pathParts.length;i++){
var currentPathPart = pathParts[i];
if(!object.hasOwnProperty( currentPathPart )) {
result = false;
} else if (object[ currentPathPart ] && path == pathParts[i]) {
result = pathParts[i];
break;
} else if(typeof object[ currentPathPart ] == 'object') {
object = object[ currentPathPart ];
} else {
result = object[ currentPathPart ];
}
}
/* */
if(typeof value != 'undefined' && value == result)
return true;
return result;
};
// Uncomment the lines below to test the script
// alert( checkForPathInObject(obj,'a.b.c') ); // Results "Hello World"
// alert( checkForPathInObject(obj,'a.success') ); // Returns false
// alert( checkForPathInObject(obj,'resTest', 'potato') ); // Returns true
我知道这个问题很古老,但我想通过将其添加到所有对象来提供一个扩展。我知道人们倾向于不赞成使用Object原型来实现扩展的对象功能,但我发现没有什么比这更容易的了。此外,现在还允许使用Object.defineProperty方法。
Object.defineProperty( Object.prototype, "has", { value: function( needle ) {
var obj = this;
var needles = needle.split( "." );
for( var i = 0; i<needles.length; i++ ) {
if( !obj.hasOwnProperty(needles[i])) {
return false;
}
obj = obj[needles[i]];
}
return true;
}});
现在,为了测试任何对象中的任何属性,只需执行以下操作:
if( obj.has("some.deep.nested.object.somewhere") )
这里有一个jsfiddle来测试它,特别是它包含一些jQuery,如果您直接修改Object.prototype,因为属性变为可枚举,则会中断。这对于第三方图书馆来说应该很好。
今天刚刚编写了这个函数,它对嵌套对象中的属性进行了深入搜索,如果找到了,则返回该属性的值。
/**
* Performs a deep search looking for the existence of a property in a
* nested object. Supports namespaced search: Passing a string with
* a parent sub-object where the property key may exist speeds up
* search, for instance: Say you have a nested object and you know for
* certain the property/literal you're looking for is within a certain
* sub-object, you can speed the search up by passing "level2Obj.targetProp"
* @param {object} obj Object to search
* @param {object} key Key to search for
* @return {*} Returns the value (if any) located at the key
*/
var getPropByKey = function( obj, key ) {
var ret = false, ns = key.split("."),
args = arguments,
alen = args.length;
// Search starting with provided namespace
if ( ns.length > 1 ) {
obj = (libName).getPropByKey( obj, ns[0] );
key = ns[1];
}
// Look for a property in the object
if ( key in obj ) {
return obj[key];
} else {
for ( var o in obj ) {
if ( (libName).isPlainObject( obj[o] ) ) {
ret = (libName).getPropByKey( obj[o], key );
if ( ret === 0 || ret === undefined || ret ) {
return ret;
}
}
}
}
return false;
}
还有一个非常紧凑的:
function ifSet(object, path) {
return path.split('.').reduce((obj, part) => obj && obj[part], object)
}
打电话:
let a = {b:{c:{d:{e:'found!'}}}}
ifSet(a, 'b.c.d.e') == 'found!'
ifSet(a, 'a.a.a.a.a.a') == undefined
它的性能不会很好,因为它拆分了一个字符串(但增加了调用的可读性),并遍历所有内容,即使已经很明显找不到任何内容(但提高了函数本身的可读性。
至少比get快http://jsben.ch/aAtmc