我有一个shell脚本与这段代码:
var=`hg st -R "$path"`
if [ -n "$var" ]; then
echo $var
fi
但是条件代码总是执行，因为hg st总是打印至少一个换行符。
是否有一个简单的方法从$var中剥离空白(如PHP中的trim())?
or
有没有处理这个问题的标准方法?
我可以使用sed或AWK，但我认为有一个更优雅的解决方案来解决这个问题。
当前回答
虽然它不是严格的Bash，这将做你想要的和更多:
php -r '$x = trim(" hi there "); echo $x;'
如果你也想让它小写，可以这样做:
php -r '$x = trim(" Hi There "); $x = strtolower($x) ; echo $x;'
其他回答
如果启用了shop -s extglob，那么下面是一个简洁的解决方案。
这招对我很管用:
text=" trim my edges "
trimmed=$text
trimmed=${trimmed##+( )} #Remove longest matching series of spaces from the front
trimmed=${trimmed%%+( )} #Remove longest matching series of spaces from the back
echo "<$trimmed>" #Adding angle braces just to make it easier to confirm that all spaces are removed
#Result
<trim my edges>
用更少的行数来获得相同的结果:
text=" trim my edges "
trimmed=${${text##+( )}%%+( )}
var=' a b c '
trimmed=$(echo $var)
这里有一个trim()函数，用于修整和规范化空白
#!/bin/bash
function trim {
echo $*
}
echo "'$(trim " one two three ")'"
# 'one two three'
还有一种使用正则表达式的变体。
#!/bin/bash
function trim {
local trimmed="$@"
if [[ "$trimmed" =~ " *([^ ].*[^ ]) *" ]]
then
trimmed=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
fi
echo "$trimmed"
}
echo "'$(trim " one two three ")'"
# 'one two three'
#!/bin/bash
function trim
{
typeset trimVar
eval trimVar="\${$1}"
read trimVar << EOTtrim
$trimVar
EOTtrim
eval $1=\$trimVar
}
# Note that the parameter to the function is the NAME of the variable to trim,
# not the variable contents. However, the contents are trimmed.
# Example of use:
while read aLine
do
trim aline
echo "[${aline}]"
done < info.txt
# File info.txt contents:
# ------------------------------
# ok hello there $
# another line here $
#and yet another $
# only at the front$
#$
# Output:
#[ok hello there]
#[another line here]
#[and yet another]
#[only at the front]
#[]
Trim()删除空白(以及制表符、不可打印字符;为了简单起见，我正在考虑使用空格)。我的解决方案是:
var="$(hg st -R "$path")" # I often like to enclose shell output in double quotes
var="$(echo "${var}" | sed "s/\(^ *\| *\$\)//g")" # This is my suggestion
if [ -n "$var" ]; then
echo "[${var}]"
fi
sed命令只修剪开头和结尾的空白，但它也可以被输送到第一个命令，导致:
var="$(hg st -R "$path" | sed "s/\(^ *\| *\$\)//g")"
if [ -n "$var" ]; then
echo "[${var}]"
fi
