你想找出每个组的前n行。这个答案使用与OP不同的示例数据提供了一个通用的解决方案。

在MySQL 8或更高版本中，您可以根据top 5的确切定义使用ROW_NUMBER, RANK或DENSE_RANK函数。下面是这些函数根据值降序排序生成的数字。注意领带是如何处理的:

一旦你选择了函数，就像这样使用它:

SELECT *
FROM (
    SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY id ORDER BY value DESC) AS n
    FROM t
) AS x
WHERE n <= 5

DB < >小提琴

在MySQL 5。X，你可以使用穷人的排名超过分区，以达到预期的结果:外部连接表本身和每一行，计算它之前的行数(例如，前一行可以是一个较高的值)。

下面将产生类似RANK函数的结果:

SELECT t.pkid, t.catid, t.value, COUNT(b.value) + 1 AS rank
FROM t
LEFT JOIN t AS b ON b.catid = t.catid AND b.value > t.value
GROUP BY t.pkid, t.catid, t.value
HAVING COUNT(b.value) + 1 <= 5
ORDER BY t.catid, t.value DESC, t.pkid

进行以下更改以产生与DENSE_RANK函数类似的结果:

COUNT(DISTINCT b.value)

或进行以下更改，以产生类似于ROW_NUMBER函数的结果:

ON b.catid = t.catid AND (b.value > t.value OR b.value = t.value AND b.pkid < t.pkid)

DB < >小提琴

对我来说

SUBSTRING_INDEX(group_concat(col_name order by desired_col_order_name), ',', N) 

完美的工作。没有复杂的查询。

例如:每组取top 1

SELECT 
    *
FROM
    yourtable
WHERE
    id IN (SELECT 
            SUBSTRING_INDEX(GROUP_CONCAT(id
                            ORDER BY rate DESC),
                        ',',
                        1) id
        FROM
            yourtable
        GROUP BY year)
ORDER BY rate DESC;

SELECT year, id, rate
FROM (SELECT
  year, id, rate, row_number() over (partition by id order by rate DESC)
  FROM h
  WHERE year BETWEEN 2000 AND 2009
  AND id IN (SELECT rid FROM table2)
  GROUP BY id, year
  ORDER BY id, rate DESC) as subquery
WHERE row_number <= 5

子查询与您的查询几乎相同。只有改变是增加

row_number() over (partition by id order by rate DESC)

试试这个:

SET @num := 0, @type := '';
SELECT `year`, `id`, `rate`,
    @num := if(@type = `id`, @num + 1, 1) AS `row_number`,
    @type := `id` AS `dummy`
FROM (
    SELECT *
    FROM `h`
    WHERE (
        `year` BETWEEN '2000' AND '2009'
        AND `id` IN (SELECT `rid` FROM `table2`) AS `temp_rid`
    )
    ORDER BY `id`
) AS `temph`
GROUP BY `year`, `id`, `rate`
HAVING `row_number`<='5'
ORDER BY `id`, `rate DESC;

对于那些像我一样有查询超时的人。我做了下面的限制和任何其他由特定的组。

DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE count_limit200()
BEGIN
    DECLARE a INT Default 0;
    DECLARE stop_loop INT Default 0;
    DECLARE domain_val VARCHAR(250);
    DECLARE domain_list CURSOR FOR SELECT DISTINCT domain FROM db.one;

    OPEN domain_list;

    SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT(domain)) INTO stop_loop 
    FROM db.one;
    -- BEGIN LOOP
    loop_thru_domains: LOOP
        FETCH domain_list INTO domain_val;
        SET a=a+1;

        INSERT INTO db.two(book,artist,title,title_count,last_updated) 
        SELECT * FROM 
        (
            SELECT book,artist,title,COUNT(ObjectKey) AS titleCount, NOW() 
            FROM db.one 
            WHERE book = domain_val
            GROUP BY artist,title
            ORDER BY book,titleCount DESC
            LIMIT 200
        ) a ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE title_count = titleCount, last_updated = NOW();

        IF a = stop_loop THEN
            LEAVE loop_thru_domain;
        END IF;
    END LOOP loop_thru_domain;
END $$

它循环遍历一个域列表，然后每个域只插入200个限制

不，你不能任意地限制子查询(你可以在较新的mysql中有限地这样做，但不能每组5个结果)。

这是一个分组最大类型查询，在SQL中执行起来并不简单。在某些情况下，有很多更有效的方法来解决这个问题，但对于一般的top-n，你会想看看Bill对前面一个类似问题的答案。

与此问题的大多数解决方案一样，如果有多行具有相同的速率值，它可以返回超过5行，因此您可能仍然需要大量的后处理来检查这一点。