这有一个非常具体的原因，它在项目设置中。当您试图将WPF控件/窗口添加到. net 2.0类库或项目中时，通常会发生这种情况。出现此错误的原因是项目不知道它正在构建WPF控件或窗口，因此试图将其作为c# 2.0项目构建。

解决方案涉及编辑.csproj文件。右键单击引起问题的项目，选择“卸载项目”。右键单击未加载的项目并选择“Edit .csproj”。将打开.csproj文件，您可以看到XML。看看下面这行:

<Import Project=…..

它在文件的末尾，你仅有的一行大概是

<Import Project="$(MSBuildBinPath)\Microsoft.CSharp.targets" />

这告诉Visual Studio将项目构建为. net 2.0项目。我们要做的是告诉Visual Studio这实际上是一个WPF项目，所以我们必须添加以下一行:

<Import Project="$(MSBuildBinPath)\Microsoft.WinFX.targets" />

这一行将告诉Visual Studio将项目构建为WPF项目。现在你的.csproj文件底部应该是这样的:

<Import Project="$(MSBuildBinPath)\Microsoft.CSharp.targets" />
<Import Project="$(MSBuildBinPath)\Microsoft.WinFX.targets" />

保存.csproj文件，在解决方案资源管理器中右键单击它，并选择“重新加载项目”编译，就是这样，您都完成了!

右键单击项目中的文件夹以创建新的UserControl，这是我的问题。 我在文件夹外创建了相同的控件，就是这样。

导致这个错误的另一个常见原因是:

Right click on folder in project to create new UserControl. This creates a class and xaml file that derives from user control in the namespace of the folder. Then you decide to change the namespace of the class because you're really just using folders for organization of code. The x:Class attribute will not get automatically updated so it will be searching for a class that doesn't exist. Could probably use a better error message like "x:Class type could not be found in namesace bla.blaa.blaaa."

我也有同样的问题，但对我来说，这些都没用。在我的情况下，我拥有的每个WPF项目(包括新创建的项目)都停止编译此错误。最后，我卸载了所有的。net框架，然后重新安装了它们，一切又开始工作了。我还重新安装了Visual Studio，但结果没有影响。

I know this was answered due to a different cause, but this is a highly hit posting and I had ran into the same issue with a class library. In this case, it turned out to be both a change in my namespace (answered in this post here) and that the compiler could not rebuild the Window.g.i.cs which defines the InitializeComponent() method. It couldn't because the class library was missing the ProjectTypeGuid value for WPF projects in the csproj file. Instructions for this are here and here. I thought I would share in case someone else has run into the same issue. Just changing the namespace isn't enough in this case.

帮助我的是将.csproj中的第一行更改为

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.WindowsDesktop">