下面的解决方案适用于匹配/使用multiply present(链式;串联;复合)HTML或其他标签。例如，我想编辑HTML代码以删除串联出现的<span>标记。

问题:常规sed正则表达式贪婪地匹配从第一个到最后一个的所有标记。

解决方案:非贪婪模式匹配(每个讨论在这个线程的其他地方;例如,https://stackoverflow.com/a/46719361/1904943)。

例子:

echo '<span>Will</span>This <span>remove</span>will <span>this.</span>remain.' | \
sed 's/<span>[^>]*>//g' ; echo

This will remain.

解释:

S /<span>:查找<span> [^>]:后面跟着不是>的任何东西 *>:直到你找到> //g:将任何这样的字符串替换为空。

齿顶高

我试图清理url，但我遇到了困难匹配/排除一个词- href -使用上面的方法。我简要地研究了反向查找(正则表达式来匹配不包含单词的行)，但这种方法似乎过于复杂，并没有提供令人满意的解决方案。

我决定用'(反标记)替换href，做正则表达式替换，然后用href替换'。

示例(为便于阅读，此处格式化):

printf '\n
<a aaa h href="apple">apple</a>
<a bbb "c=ccc" href="banana">banana</a>
<a class="gtm-content-click"
   data-vars-link-text="nope"
   data-vars-click-url="https://blablabla"
   data-vars-event-category="story"
   data-vars-sub-category="story"
   data-vars-item="in_content_link"
   data-vars-link-text
   href="https:example.com">Example.com</a>\n\n' |
sed 's/href/`/g ;
     s/<a[^`]*`/\n<a href/g'

<a href="apple">apple</a> 
<a href="banana">banana</a> 
<a href="https:example.com">Example.com</a>

解释:基本如上。在这里,

S /href/ ':将href替换为'(反引号) s/<a:查找URL开头 [^ ']:后面跟着任何不是'(反撇号) * ':直到你找到一个' /<a href/g:用<a href替换每一个找到的

echo "/home/one/two/three/myfile.txt" | sed 's|\(.*\)/.*|\1|'

别麻烦了，我在另一个论坛上看到的:)

使用纯(GNU) sed仍然有希望解决这个问题。尽管这不是一个通用的解决方案，在某些情况下，你可以使用“循环”来消除字符串中所有不必要的部分，就像这样:

sed -r -e ":loop" -e 's|(http://.+)/.*|\1|' -e "t loop"

-r:使用扩展的正则表达式(用于+和未转义的括号) 定义一个名为"loop"的新标签 -e:在sed中添加命令 "t loop":如果有成功的替换，则跳回标记"loop"

这里唯一的问题是它也会切掉最后一个分隔符('/')，但如果你真的需要它，你仍然可以在“循环”结束后简单地把它放回去，只需要在前面的命令行末尾追加这个额外的命令:

-e "s,$,/,"

以下是你可以用两步方法和awk完成的事情:

A=http://www.suepearson.co.uk/product/174/71/3816/  
echo $A|awk '  
{  
  var=gensub(///,"||",3,$0) ;  
  sub(/\|\|.*/,"",var);  
  print var  
}'  

输出: http://www.suepearson.co.uk

希望有帮助!

因为您特别指出您正在尝试使用sed(而不是perl、cut等)，所以请尝试分组。这就避免了非贪婪标识符可能无法被识别。第一组是协议(即协议)。'http://'， 'https://'， 'tcp://'，等等)。第二组是域:

echo "http://www.suon.co.uk/product/1/7/3/" | sed "s|^\(.*//\)\([^/]*\).*$|\1\2|"

如果您不熟悉分组，请从这里开始。

在sed中模拟惰性(非贪婪)量词

以及所有其他正则表达式口味!

Finding first occurrence of an expression: POSIX ERE (using -r option) Regex: (EXPRESSION).*|. Sed: sed -r ‍'s/(EXPRESSION).*|./\1/g' # Global `g` modifier should be on Example (finding first sequence of digits) Live demo: $ sed -r 's/([0-9]+).*|./\1/g' <<< 'foo 12 bar 34' 12 How does it work? This regex benefits from an alternation |. At each position engine tries to pick the longest match (this is a POSIX standard which is followed by couple of other engines as well) which means it goes with . until a match is found for ([0-9]+).*. But order is important too. Since global flag is set, engine tries to continue matching character by character up to the end of input string or our target. As soon as the first and only capturing group of left side of alternation is matched (EXPRESSION) rest of line is consumed immediately as well .*. We now hold our value in the first capturing group. POSIX BRE Regex: \(\(\(EXPRESSION\).*\)*.\)* Sed: sed 's/\(\(\(EXPRESSION\).*\)*.\)*/\3/' Example (finding first sequence of digits): $ sed 's/\(\(\([0-9]\{1,\}\).*\)*.\)*/\3/' <<< 'foo 12 bar 34' 12 This one is like ERE version but with no alternation involved. That's all. At each single position engine tries to match a digit. If it is found, other following digits are consumed and captured and the rest of line is matched immediately otherwise since * means more or zero it skips over second capturing group \(\([0-9]\{1,\}\).*\)* and arrives at a dot . to match a single character and this process continues. Finding first occurrence of a delimited expression: This approach will match the very first occurrence of a string that is delimited. We can call it a block of string. sed 's/\(END-DELIMITER-EXPRESSION\).*/\1/; \ s/\(\(START-DELIMITER-EXPRESSION.*\)*.\)*/\1/g' Input string: foobar start block #1 end barfoo start block #2 end -EDE: end -SDE: start $ sed 's/\(end\).*/\1/; s/\(\(start.*\)*.\)*/\1/g' Output: start block #1 end First regex \(end\).* matches and captures first end delimiter end and substitues all match with recent captured characters which is the end delimiter. At this stage our output is: foobar start block #1 end. Then the result is passed to second regex \(\(start.*\)*.\)* that is same as POSIX BRE version above. It matches a single character if start delimiter start is not matched otherwise it matches and captures the start delimiter and matches the rest of characters.

直接回答你的问题

使用方法#2(带分隔符的表达式)，你应该选择两个合适的表达式:

艾德:[^]\ / SDE: http:

用法:

$ sed 's/\([^:/]\/\).*/\1/g; s/\(\(http:.*\)*.\)*/\1/' <<< 'http://www.suepearson.co.uk/product/174/71/3816/'

输出:

http://www.suepearson.co.uk/

注意:对于相同的分隔符，这将不起作用。