试试这个:

select COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, IS_NULLABLE 
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS IC
where TABLE_NAME = 'tablename' and COLUMN_NAME = 'columnname'

试试这个:

select COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, IS_NULLABLE 
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS IC
where TABLE_NAME = 'tablename' and COLUMN_NAME = 'columnname'

将另一个答案放入环中，这将给你这些列和更多:

SELECT col.TABLE_CATALOG AS [Database]
     , col.TABLE_SCHEMA AS Owner
     , col.TABLE_NAME AS TableName
     , col.COLUMN_NAME AS ColumnName
     , col.ORDINAL_POSITION AS OrdinalPosition
     , col.COLUMN_DEFAULT AS DefaultSetting
     , col.DATA_TYPE AS DataType
     , col.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS MaxLength
     , col.DATETIME_PRECISION AS DatePrecision
     , CAST(CASE col.IS_NULLABLE
                WHEN 'NO' THEN 0
                ELSE 1
            END AS bit)AS IsNullable
     , COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('[' + col.TABLE_SCHEMA + '].[' + col.TABLE_NAME + ']'), col.COLUMN_NAME, 'IsIdentity')AS IsIdentity
     , COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('[' + col.TABLE_SCHEMA + '].[' + col.TABLE_NAME + ']'), col.COLUMN_NAME, 'IsComputed')AS IsComputed
     , CAST(ISNULL(pk.is_primary_key, 0)AS bit)AS IsPrimaryKey
  FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS col
       LEFT JOIN(SELECT SCHEMA_NAME(o.schema_id)AS TABLE_SCHEMA
                      , o.name AS TABLE_NAME
                      , c.name AS COLUMN_NAME
                      , i.is_primary_key
                   FROM sys.indexes AS i JOIN sys.index_columns AS ic ON i.object_id = ic.object_id
                                                                     AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
                                         JOIN sys.objects AS o ON i.object_id = o.object_id
                                         LEFT JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id
                                                                   AND c.column_id = ic.column_id
                  WHERE i.is_primary_key = 1)AS pk ON col.TABLE_NAME = pk.TABLE_NAME
                                                  AND col.TABLE_SCHEMA = pk.TABLE_SCHEMA
                                                  AND col.COLUMN_NAME = pk.COLUMN_NAME
 WHERE col.TABLE_NAME = 'YourTableName'
   AND col.TABLE_SCHEMA = 'dbo'
 ORDER BY col.TABLE_NAME, col.ORDINAL_POSITION;

存储过程sp_columns返回详细的表信息。

exec sp_columns MyTable

这里没有主键，但这可以帮助其他只想拥有一个包含字段名和基本字段属性的表名的用户

USE [**YourDB**]
GO
SELECT tbl.name, fld.[Column Name],fld.[Constraint],fld.DataType 
FROM sys.all_objects as tbl left join 
(SELECT c.OBJECT_ID,  c.name AS 'Column Name',
       t.name + '(' + cast(c.max_length as varchar(50)) + ')' As 'DataType',
       case 
         WHEN  c.is_nullable = 0 then 'null' else 'not null'
         END AS 'Constraint'
  FROM sys.columns c
  JOIN sys.types t
    ON c.user_type_id = t.user_type_id
) as fld on tbl.OBJECT_ID = fld.OBJECT_ID
WHERE ( tbl.[type]='U' and tbl.[is_ms_shipped] = 0)
ORDER BY tbl.[name],fld.[Column Name]
GO

Marc_s的答案很好，但如果主键列出现在其他索引中，这些列会出现不止一次，那么它就有一个缺陷。如。

演示:

create table dbo.DummyTable
(
    id int not null identity(0,1) primary key,
    Msg varchar(80) null
);

create index NC_DummyTable_id ON DummyTable(id);

下面是我用来解决这个问题的存储过程:

create or alter procedure dbo.GetTableColumns
(
    @schemaname nvarchar(128),
    @tablename nvarchar(128)
)
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

    with ctePKCols as
    (
        select 
            i.object_id,
            ic.column_id
        from 
            sys.indexes i
            join sys.index_columns ic ON i.object_id = ic.object_id AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
        where 
            i.is_primary_key = 1
    )
    SELECT
        c.name AS column_name,
        t.name AS typename,
        c.max_length AS MaxLength,
        c.precision,
        c.scale,
        c.is_nullable,
        is_primary_key = CASE WHEN ct.column_id IS NOT NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
    FROM 
        sys.columns c
        JOIN sys.types t ON t.user_type_id = c.user_type_id
        LEFT JOIN ctePKCols ct ON ct.column_id = c.column_id AND ct.object_id = c.object_id
    WHERE 
        c.object_ID = OBJECT_ID(quotename(@schemaname) + '.' + quotename(@tablename))
    
END 
GO

exec dbo.GetTableColumns 'dbo', 'DummyTable'