我需要在SQL server上编写一个查询，以获得特定表中的列列表，其相关数据类型(长度)以及它们是否不为空。我已经做到了这么多。
但现在我还需要得到，在同一个表中，对一个列- TRUE，如果该列是一个主键。
我该怎么做呢?
我的期望输出是:
Column name | Data type | Length | isnull | Pk
当前回答
select
c.name as [column name],
t.name as [type name],
tbl.name as [table name]
from sys.columns c
inner join sys.types t
on c.system_type_id = t.system_type_id
inner join sys.tables tbl
on c.object_id = tbl.object_id
where
c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName1')
and
t.name like '%YourSearchDataType%'
union
(select
c.name as [column name],
t.name as [type name],
tbl.name as [table name]
from sys.columns c
inner join sys.types t
on c.system_type_id = t.system_type_id
inner join sys.tables tbl
on c.object_id = tbl.object_id
where
c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName2')
and
t.name like '%YourSearchDataType%')
union
(select
c.name as [column name],
t.name as [type name],
tbl.name as [table name]
from sys.columns c
inner join sys.types t
on c.system_type_id = t.system_type_id
inner join sys.tables tbl
on c.object_id = tbl.object_id
where
c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName3')
and
t.name like '%YourSearchDataType%')
order by tbl.name
根据一个数据库中三个不同表的搜索数据类型，搜索哪个列在哪个表中。这个查询可以扩展到'n'个表。
其他回答
select
c.name as [column name],
t.name as [type name],
tbl.name as [table name]
from sys.columns c
inner join sys.types t
on c.system_type_id = t.system_type_id
inner join sys.tables tbl
on c.object_id = tbl.object_id
where
c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName1')
and
t.name like '%YourSearchDataType%'
union
(select
c.name as [column name],
t.name as [type name],
tbl.name as [table name]
from sys.columns c
inner join sys.types t
on c.system_type_id = t.system_type_id
inner join sys.tables tbl
on c.object_id = tbl.object_id
where
c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName2')
and
t.name like '%YourSearchDataType%')
union
(select
c.name as [column name],
t.name as [type name],
tbl.name as [table name]
from sys.columns c
inner join sys.types t
on c.system_type_id = t.system_type_id
inner join sys.tables tbl
on c.object_id = tbl.object_id
where
c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName3')
and
t.name like '%YourSearchDataType%')
order by tbl.name
根据一个数据库中三个不同表的搜索数据类型，搜索哪个列在哪个表中。这个查询可以扩展到'n'个表。
我刚刚做了marc_s“presentation ready”:
SELECT
c.name 'Column Name',
t.name 'Data type',
IIF(t.name = 'nvarchar', c.max_length / 2, c.max_length) 'Max Length',
c.precision 'Precision',
c.scale 'Scale',
IIF(c.is_nullable = 0, 'No', 'Yes') 'Nullable',
IIF(ISNULL(i.is_primary_key, 0) = 0, 'No', 'Yes') 'Primary Key'
FROM
sys.columns c
INNER JOIN
sys.types t ON c.user_type_id = t.user_type_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN
sys.index_columns ic ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN
sys.indexes i ON ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
WHERE
c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName')
抛出了另一种在SQL server中解决问题的方法。 我的小脚本在这里应该返回列名，数据类型，是空的，约束和索引名称。 您还可以包括任何额外的列，如精度，比例… (你需要用你的数据库名、Schema name和Table name替换数据库名) .返回列的顺序与从'select * from table'中返回列的顺序相同
USE DBA -- Replace Database Name with yours
DECLARE @SCHEMA VARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @SCHEMA_TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(MAX)
SET @SCHEMA = REPLACE(REPLACE('[SCHEMA NAME]', '[', ''), ']', '')--Replace Schema Name with yours
SET @TABLE_NAME = REPLACE(REPLACE('[TABLE NAME]', '[', ''), ']', '') --' Replace Table Name with yours
SET @SCHEMA_TABLE_NAME = @SCHEMA + '.' + @TABLE_NAME;
WITH SchemaColumns
AS (
SELECT C.COLUMN_NAME,
IS_NULLABLE,
DATA_TYPE,
CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH,
C.ORDINAL_POSITION
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS C
WHERE C.TABLE_SCHEMA = @SCHEMA
AND C.TABLE_NAME = @TABLE_NAME
),
SchemaConstraints
AS (
SELECT CN.COLUMN_NAME,
CC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS AS CC
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE AS CN ON CC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE CC.TABLE_SCHEMA = @SCHEMA
AND CC.TABLE_NAME = @TABLE_NAME
),
SchemaIndex
AS (
SELECT I.name AS index_name,
COL_NAME(IC.object_id, IC.column_id) AS column_name,
IC.index_column_id,
IC.key_ordinal,
IC.is_included_column
FROM sys.indexes AS i
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS IC ON I.object_id = IC.object_id
AND I.index_id = IC.index_id
WHERE I.object_id = OBJECT_ID(@SCHEMA_TABLE_NAME)
)
SELECT ISNULL(SchemaColumns.COLUMN_NAME, '') "Column Name",
CASE
WHEN SchemaColumns.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH IS NULL
THEN UPPER(ISNULL(SchemaColumns.DATA_TYPE, ''))
ELSE CONCAT (
UPPER(ISNULL(SchemaColumns.DATA_TYPE, '')),
'(',
CAST(SchemaColumns.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS VARCHAR(50)),
')'
)
END "Data Type",
SchemaColumns.IS_NULLABLE "Is Nullable",
ISNULL(SchemaConstraints.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, '-') "Constraints",
ISNULL(STRING_AGG(CONVERT(NVARCHAR(max), SchemaIndex.INDEX_NAME), CHAR(13)), '-') "Indexes Names"
FROM SchemaColumns
LEFT JOIN SchemaConstraints ON SchemaConstraints.COLUMN_NAME = SchemaColumns.COLUMN_NAME
LEFT JOIN SchemaIndex ON SchemaColumns.COLUMN_NAME = SchemaIndex.COLUMN_NAME
GROUP BY SchemaColumns.COLUMN_NAME,
SchemaColumns.DATA_TYPE,
SchemaColumns.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH,
SchemaColumns.IS_NULLABLE,
SchemaConstraints.CONSTRAINT_TYPE,
SchemaColumns.ORDINAL_POSITION
ORDER BY SchemaColumns.ORDINAL_POSITION
扩展Alex的答案，您可以这样做以获得PK约束
Select C.COLUMN_NAME, C.DATA_TYPE, C.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, C.NUMERIC_PRECISION, C.IS_NULLABLE, TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
From INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS As C
Left Join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS As TC
On TC.TABLE_SCHEMA = C.TABLE_SCHEMA
And TC.TABLE_NAME = C.TABLE_NAME
And TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
Where C.TABLE_NAME = 'Table'
我一定是错过了您想要一个标记来确定给定的列是否是PK的一部分，而不是PK约束的名称。你可以用:
Select C.COLUMN_NAME, C.DATA_TYPE, C.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH
, C.NUMERIC_PRECISION, C.NUMERIC_SCALE
, C.IS_NULLABLE
, Case When Z.CONSTRAINT_NAME Is Null Then 0 Else 1 End As IsPartOfPrimaryKey
From INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS As C
Outer Apply (
Select CCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
From INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS As TC
Join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE As CCU
On CCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME = TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
Where TC.TABLE_SCHEMA = C.TABLE_SCHEMA
And TC.TABLE_NAME = C.TABLE_NAME
And TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
And CCU.COLUMN_NAME = C.COLUMN_NAME
) As Z
Where C.TABLE_NAME = 'Table'
在SQL 2012中，你可以使用:
EXEC sp_describe_first_result_set N'SELECT * FROM [TableName]'
这将为您提供列名及其属性。
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