我想用jQuery异步上传文件。

$(文档).ready(函数(){$(“#uploadbutton”).click(函数(){var filename=$(“#file”).val();$.ajax美元({类型:“POST”,url:“addFile.do”,enctype:'多部分/表单数据',数据:{文件:文件名},成功:函数(){alert(“上传的数据:”);}});});});<script src=“https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.0/jquery.min.js“></script><span>文件</span><input type=“file”id=“file”name=“file”size=“10”/><input id=“uploadbutton”type=“button”value=“Upload”/>

我只得到文件名,而不是上传文件。我可以做什么来解决这个问题?


当前回答

您可以通过JavaScript使用更新的Fetch API。这样地:

function uploadButtonCLicked(){
    var input = document.querySelector('input[type="file"]')

    fetch('/url', {
      method: 'POST',
      body: input.files[0]
    }).then(res => res.json())   // you can do something with response
      .catch(error => console.error('Error:', error))
      .then(response => console.log('Success:', response));
}                               

优点:所有现代浏览器都支持Fetch API,因此您不必导入任何内容。此外,请注意,fetch()返回Promise,然后使用.then(..代码处理响应..)异步处理Promise。

其他回答

要使用Jquery异步上载文件,请执行以下步骤:

步骤1在您的项目中,打开Nuget管理器并添加包(jquery fileupload(只需将其写入搜索框,它就会出现并安装))网址:https://github.com/blueimp/jQuery-File-Upload

步骤2在HTML文件中添加以下脚本,这些脚本已通过运行上述包添加到项目中:

jquery.ui.widget.jsjquery.iframe-transport.jsjquery.filepload.js

步骤3按照以下代码编写文件上传控制:

<input id="upload" name="upload" type="file" />

步骤4将js方法编写为uploadFile,如下所示:

 function uploadFile(element) {
    
            $(element).fileupload({
    
                dataType: 'json',
                url: '../DocumentUpload/upload',
                autoUpload: true,
                add: function (e, data) {           
                  // write code for implementing, while selecting a file. 
                  // data represents the file data. 
                  //below code triggers the action in mvc controller
                  data.formData =
                                    {
                                     files: data.files[0]
                                    };
                  data.submit();
                },
                done: function (e, data) {          
                   // after file uploaded
                },
                progress: function (e, data) {
                    
                   // progress
                },
                fail: function (e, data) {
                    
                   //fail operation
                },
                stop: function () {
                    
                  code for cancel operation
                }
            });
        
        };

步骤5:在就绪功能中,调用元素文件上传,以启动以下过程:

$(document).ready(function()
{
    uploadFile($('#upload'));

});

步骤6根据以下内容编写MVC控制器和操作:

public class DocumentUploadController : Controller
    {       
        
        [System.Web.Mvc.HttpPost]
        public JsonResult upload(ICollection<HttpPostedFileBase> files)
        {
            bool result = false;

            if (files != null || files.Count > 0)
            {
                try
                {
                    foreach (HttpPostedFileBase file in files)
                    {
                        if (file.ContentLength == 0)
                            throw new Exception("Zero length file!");                       
                        else 
                            //code for saving a file

                    }
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    result = false;
                }
            }


            return new JsonResult()
                {
                    Data=result
                };


        }

    }

这里只是另一个如何上传文件的解决方案(没有任何插件)

使用简单的Javascript和AJAX(带有进度条)

HTML部分

<form id="upload_form" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    <input type="file" name="file1" id="file1"><br>
    <input type="button" value="Upload File" onclick="uploadFile()">
    <progress id="progressBar" value="0" max="100" style="width:300px;"></progress>
    <h3 id="status"></h3>
    <p id="loaded_n_total"></p>
</form>

JS部分

function _(el){
    return document.getElementById(el);
}
function uploadFile(){
    var file = _("file1").files[0];
    // alert(file.name+" | "+file.size+" | "+file.type);
    var formdata = new FormData();
    formdata.append("file1", file);
    var ajax = new XMLHttpRequest();
    ajax.upload.addEventListener("progress", progressHandler, false);
    ajax.addEventListener("load", completeHandler, false);
    ajax.addEventListener("error", errorHandler, false);
    ajax.addEventListener("abort", abortHandler, false);
    ajax.open("POST", "file_upload_parser.php");
    ajax.send(formdata);
}
function progressHandler(event){
    _("loaded_n_total").innerHTML = "Uploaded "+event.loaded+" bytes of "+event.total;
    var percent = (event.loaded / event.total) * 100;
    _("progressBar").value = Math.round(percent);
    _("status").innerHTML = Math.round(percent)+"% uploaded... please wait";
}
function completeHandler(event){
    _("status").innerHTML = event.target.responseText;
    _("progressBar").value = 0;
}
function errorHandler(event){
    _("status").innerHTML = "Upload Failed";
}
function abortHandler(event){
    _("status").innerHTML = "Upload Aborted";
}

PHP部分

<?php
$fileName = $_FILES["file1"]["name"]; // The file name
$fileTmpLoc = $_FILES["file1"]["tmp_name"]; // File in the PHP tmp folder
$fileType = $_FILES["file1"]["type"]; // The type of file it is
$fileSize = $_FILES["file1"]["size"]; // File size in bytes
$fileErrorMsg = $_FILES["file1"]["error"]; // 0 for false... and 1 for true
if (!$fileTmpLoc) { // if file not chosen
    echo "ERROR: Please browse for a file before clicking the upload button.";
    exit();
}
if(move_uploaded_file($fileTmpLoc, "test_uploads/$fileName")){ // assuming the directory name 'test_uploads'
    echo "$fileName upload is complete";
} else {
    echo "move_uploaded_file function failed";
}
?>

下面是示例应用程序

您可以在这里看到一个工作演示的解决方案,该演示允许您预览表单文件并将其提交到服务器。对于您的情况,您需要使用Ajax来促进文件上传到服务器:

<from action="" id="formContent" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <span>File</span>
    <input type="file" id="file" name="file" size="10"/>
    <input id="uploadbutton" type="button" value="Upload"/>
</form>

提交的数据是表单数据。在jQuery上,使用表单提交函数而不是单击按钮提交表单文件,如下所示。

$(document).ready(function () {
   $("#formContent").submit(function(e){

     e.preventDefault();
     var formdata = new FormData(this);

 $.ajax({
     url: "ajax_upload_image.php",
     type: "POST",
     data: formdata,
     mimeTypes:"multipart/form-data",
     contentType: false,
     cache: false,
     processData: false,
     success: function(){

     alert("successfully submitted");

     });
   });
});

查看更多详细信息

为此,我建议使用Fine Uploader插件。您的JavaScript代码为:

$(document).ready(function() {
  $("#uploadbutton").jsupload({
    action: "addFile.do",
    onComplete: function(response){
      alert( "server response: " + response);
    }
  });
});

我已经在Rails环境中编写了这篇文章。如果您使用轻量级的jQuery表单插件,它只有大约五行JavaScript。

挑战在于如何让AJAX上传工作,因为标准的remote_form_for不理解多部分表单提交。它不会发送Rails通过AJAX请求返回的文件数据。

这就是jQuery表单插件发挥作用的地方。

下面是它的Rails代码:

<% remote_form_for(:image_form, 
                   :url => { :controller => "blogs", :action => :create_asset }, 
                   :html => { :method => :post, 
                              :id => 'uploadForm', :multipart => true }) 
                                                                        do |f| %>
 Upload a file: <%= f.file_field :uploaded_data %>
<% end %>

下面是相关的JavaScript:

$('#uploadForm input').change(function(){
 $(this).parent().ajaxSubmit({
  beforeSubmit: function(a,f,o) {
   o.dataType = 'json';
  },
  complete: function(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus) {
   // XMLHttpRequest.responseText will contain the URL of the uploaded image.
   // Put it in an image element you create, or do with it what you will.
   // For example, if you have an image elemtn with id "my_image", then
   //  $('#my_image').attr('src', XMLHttpRequest.responseText);
   // Will set that image tag to display the uploaded image.
  },
 });
});

这是Rails控制器的动作,非常简单:

 @image = Image.new(params[:image_form])
 @image.save
 render :text => @image.public_filename

在过去的几周里,我一直在Bloggity上使用这个,它的效果就像一个冠军。