我的Git存储库在根目录下有两个子目录:
/finisht
/static
当这是在SVN中时,/finisht在一个地方签出,而/static在其他地方签出了,如下所示:
svn co svn+ssh://admin@domain.example/home/admin/repos/finisht/static static
有没有办法用Git做到这一点?
我的Git存储库在根目录下有两个子目录:
/finisht
/static
当这是在SVN中时,/finisht在一个地方签出,而/static在其他地方签出了,如下所示:
svn co svn+ssh://admin@domain.example/home/admin/repos/finisht/static static
有没有办法用Git做到这一点?
当前回答
我为执行“稀疏签出”编写了.gitconfig[别名]。检查一下(没有双关语):
在Windows上运行cmd.exe
git config --global alias.sparse-checkout "!f(){ [ $# -eq 2 ] && L=${1##*/} L=${L%.git} || L=$2; mkdir -p \"$L/.git/info\" && cd \"$L\" && git init --template= && git remote add origin \"$1\" && git config core.sparseCheckout 1; [ $# -eq 2 ] && echo \"$2\" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout || { shift 2; for i; do echo $i >> .git/info/sparse-checkout; done }; git pull --depth 1 origin master;};f"
否则:
git config --global alias.sparse-checkout '!f(){ [ $# -eq 2 ] && L=${1##*/} L=${L%.git} || L=$2; mkdir -p "$L/.git/info" && cd "$L" && git init --template= && git remote add origin "$1" && git config core.sparseCheckout 1; [ $# -eq 2 ] && echo "$2" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout || { shift 2; for i; do echo $i >> .git/info/sparse-checkout; done }; git pull --depth 1 origin master;};f'
用法:
# Makes a directory ForStackExchange with Plug checked out
git sparse-checkout https://github.com/YenForYang/ForStackExchange Plug
# To do more than 1 directory, you have to specify the local directory:
git sparse-checkout https://github.com/YenForYang/ForStackExchange ForStackExchange Plug Folder
为了方便和存储,git-config命令被“缩小”了,但这里扩展了别名:
# Note the --template= is for disabling templates.
# Feel free to remove it if you don't have issues with them (like I did)
# `mkdir` makes the .git/info directory ahead of time, as I've found it missing sometimes for some reason
f(){
[ "$#" -eq 2 ] && L="${1##*/}" L=${L%.git} || L=$2;
mkdir -p "$L/.git/info"
&& cd "$L"
&& git init --template=
&& git remote add origin "$1"
&& git config core.sparseCheckout 1;
[ "$#" -eq 2 ]
&& echo "$2" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout
|| {
shift 2;
for i; do
echo $i >> .git/info/sparse-checkout;
done
};
git pull --depth 1 origin master;
};
f
其他回答
这将克隆特定文件夹并删除所有与之无关的历史记录。
git clone --single-branch -b {branch} git@github.com:{user}/{repo}.git
git filter-branch --subdirectory-filter {path/to/folder} HEAD
git remote remove origin
git remote add origin git@github.com:{user}/{new-repo}.git
git push -u origin master
仅使用Git是不可能克隆子目录的,但以下是一些解决方法。
过滤器分支
您可能希望重写存储库,使其看起来像trunk/public_html/是它的项目根,并放弃所有其他历史记录(使用过滤器分支),尝试已经签出的分支:
git filter-branch --subdirectory-filter trunk/public_html -- --all
注意:--将筛选器分支选项与修订选项分开,--all用于重写所有分支和标记。将保留所有信息,包括原始提交时间或合并信息。此命令接受refs/replace/namespace中的.git/info/places文件和ref,因此如果定义了任何移植或替换ref,运行此命令将使其永久化。
警告重写的历史将对所有对象具有不同的对象名称,并且不会与原始分支汇合。您将无法在原始分支的顶部轻松推送和分发重写的分支。如果您不知道完整的含义,请不要使用此命令,如果一次简单的提交就足以解决您的问题,请避免使用它。
稀疏校验
以下是稀疏签出方法的简单步骤,它将稀疏地填充工作目录,因此您可以告诉Git工作目录中的哪个文件夹或文件值得签出。
照常克隆存储库(--不选择签出):gitclone--不签出git@foo/巴.吉特cd条如果已经克隆了存储库,则可以跳过此步骤。提示:对于大型回购,请考虑浅层克隆(--depth 1)以仅签出最新版本或/和--仅签出单个分支。启用spareCheckout选项:git-config-core.sparseCheckout true指定用于稀疏签出的文件夹(末尾没有空格):echo“trunk/public_html/*”>.git/info/s稀疏签出或edit.git/info/s稀疏签出。签出分支(例如主分支):切换到主分支
现在,您应该在当前目录中选择了文件夹。
如果有太多级别的目录或过滤分支,可以考虑使用符号链接。
上面有很多好的想法和脚本。我情不自禁地将它们组合成一个bash脚本,并提供帮助和错误检查:
#!/bin/bash
function help {
printf "$1
Clones a specific directory from the master branch of a git repository.
Syntax:
$(basename $0) [--delrepo] repoUrl sourceDirectory [targetDirectory]
If targetDirectory is not specified it will be set to sourceDirectory.
Downloads a sourceDirectory from a Git repository into targetdirectory.
If targetDirectory is not specified, a directory named after `basename sourceDirectory`
will be created under the current directory.
If --delrepo is specified then the .git subdirectory in the clone will be removed after cloning.
Example 1:
Clone the tree/master/django/conf/app_template directory from the master branch of
git@github.com:django/django.git into ./app_template:
\$ $(basename $0) git@github.com:django/django.git django/conf/app_template
\$ ls app_template/django/conf/app_template/
__init__.py-tpl admin.py-tpl apps.py-tpl migrations models.py-tpl tests.py-tpl views.py-tpl
Example 2:
Clone the django/conf/app_template directory from the master branch of
https://github.com/django/django/tree/master/django/conf/app_template into ~/test:
\$ $(basename $0) git@github.com:django/django.git django/conf/app_template ~/test
\$ ls test/django/conf/app_template/
__init__.py-tpl admin.py-tpl apps.py-tpl migrations models.py-tpl tests.py-tpl views.py-tpl
"
exit 1
}
if [ -z "$1" ]; then help "Error: repoUrl was not specified.\n"; fi
if [ -z "$2" ]; then help "Error: sourceDirectory was not specified."; fi
if [ "$1" == --delrepo ]; then
DEL_REPO=true
shift
fi
REPO_URL="$1"
SOURCE_DIRECTORY="$2"
if [ "$3" ]; then
TARGET_DIRECTORY="$3"
else
TARGET_DIRECTORY="$(basename $2)"
fi
echo "Cloning into $TARGET_DIRECTORY"
mkdir -p "$TARGET_DIRECTORY"
cd "$TARGET_DIRECTORY"
git init
git remote add origin -f "$REPO_URL"
git config core.sparseCheckout true
echo "$SOURCE_DIRECTORY" > .git/info/sparse-checkout
git pull --depth=1 origin master
if [ "$DEL_REPO" ]; then rm -rf .git; fi
下面是我为单个子目录稀疏签出用例编写的shell脚本
co子目录.sh
localRepo=$1
remoteRepo=$2
subDir=$3
# Create local repository for subdirectory checkout, make it hidden to avoid having to drill down to the subfolder
mkdir ./.$localRepo
cd ./.$localRepo
git init
git remote add -f origin $remoteRepo
git config core.sparseCheckout true
# Add the subdirectory of interest to the sparse checkout.
echo $subDir >> .git/info/sparse-checkout
git pull origin master
# Create convenience symlink to the subdirectory of interest
cd ..
ln -s ./.$localRepo/$subDir $localRepo
您可以结合稀疏检出和浅层克隆功能。浅层克隆会切断历史记录,稀疏签出只会提取与模式匹配的文件。
git init <repo>
cd <repo>
git remote add origin <url>
git config core.sparsecheckout true
echo "finisht/*" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout
git pull --depth=1 origin master
您需要最低1.9吉才能工作。仅使用2.2.0和2.2.2自行测试。
这样,您仍然可以进行推送,这在git存档中是不可能的。