我的Git存储库在根目录下有两个子目录:

/finisht
/static

当这是在SVN中时,/finisht在一个地方签出,而/static在其他地方签出了,如下所示:

svn co svn+ssh://admin@domain.example/home/admin/repos/finisht/static static

有没有办法用Git做到这一点?


当前回答

如果您从未计划与从中克隆的存储库交互,则可以执行完整的git克隆并使用

git filter-branch --subdirectory-filter <subdirectory>

这样,至少历史会被保存下来。

其他回答

上面有很多好的想法和脚本。我情不自禁地将它们组合成一个bash脚本,并提供帮助和错误检查:

#!/bin/bash

function help {
  printf "$1
Clones a specific directory from the master branch of a git repository.

Syntax:
  $(basename $0) [--delrepo] repoUrl sourceDirectory [targetDirectory]

If targetDirectory is not specified it will be set to sourceDirectory.
Downloads a sourceDirectory from a Git repository into targetdirectory.
If targetDirectory is not specified, a directory named after `basename sourceDirectory`
will be created under the current directory.

If --delrepo is specified then the .git subdirectory in the clone will be removed after cloning.


Example 1:
Clone the tree/master/django/conf/app_template directory from the master branch of
git@github.com:django/django.git into ./app_template:

\$ $(basename $0) git@github.com:django/django.git django/conf/app_template

\$ ls app_template/django/conf/app_template/
__init__.py-tpl  admin.py-tpl  apps.py-tpl  migrations  models.py-tpl  tests.py-tpl  views.py-tpl


Example 2:
Clone the django/conf/app_template directory from the master branch of
https://github.com/django/django/tree/master/django/conf/app_template into ~/test:

\$ $(basename $0) git@github.com:django/django.git django/conf/app_template ~/test

\$ ls test/django/conf/app_template/
__init__.py-tpl  admin.py-tpl  apps.py-tpl  migrations  models.py-tpl  tests.py-tpl  views.py-tpl

"
  exit 1
}

if [ -z "$1" ]; then help "Error: repoUrl was not specified.\n"; fi
if [ -z "$2" ]; then help "Error: sourceDirectory was not specified."; fi

if [ "$1" == --delrepo ]; then
  DEL_REPO=true
  shift
fi

REPO_URL="$1"
SOURCE_DIRECTORY="$2"
if [ "$3" ]; then
  TARGET_DIRECTORY="$3"
else
  TARGET_DIRECTORY="$(basename $2)"
fi

echo "Cloning into $TARGET_DIRECTORY"
mkdir -p "$TARGET_DIRECTORY"
cd "$TARGET_DIRECTORY"
git init
git remote add origin -f "$REPO_URL"
git config core.sparseCheckout true

echo "$SOURCE_DIRECTORY" > .git/info/sparse-checkout
git pull --depth=1 origin master

if [ "$DEL_REPO" ]; then rm -rf .git; fi

您可以结合稀疏检出和浅层克隆功能。浅层克隆会切断历史记录,稀疏签出只会提取与模式匹配的文件。

git init <repo>
cd <repo>
git remote add origin <url>
git config core.sparsecheckout true
echo "finisht/*" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout
git pull --depth=1 origin master

您需要最低1.9吉才能工作。仅使用2.2.0和2.2.2自行测试。

这样,您仍然可以进行推送,这在git存档中是不可能的。

如果您实际上只对目录的最新修订文件感兴趣,Github允许您下载一个不包含历史记录的Zip文件形式的存储库。所以下载速度要快得多。

对于macOS用户

对于zsh用户(特别是macOS用户)使用ssh克隆Repos,我只需要根据@Ciro Santilli的回答创建一个zsh命令:

要求:git的版本很重要。由于--sparse选项,它在2.25.1上不起作用。尝试将git升级到最新版本。(例如测试2.36.1)

示例用法:

git clone git@github.com:google-research/google-research.git etcmodel

代码:

function gitclone {
    readonly repo_root=${1?Usage: gitclone repo.git sub_dir}
    readonly repo_sub=${2?Usage: gitclone repo.git sub_dir}
    echo "-- Cloning $repo_root/$repo_sub"
    git clone \
      --depth 1 \
      --filter=tree:0 \
      --sparse \
      $repo_root \
    ;
    repo_folder=${repo_root#*/}
    repo_folder=${repo_folder%.*}
    cd $repo_folder
    git sparse-checkout set $repo_sub
    cd -
}


gitclone "$@"

所以我尝试了这一切,但没有任何效果。。。事实证明,在Git的2.24版本(在回答这个问题时随cpanel提供的版本)上,您不需要这样做

echo "wpm/*" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout

你只需要文件夹名

wpm/*

总之,你要这样做

git config core.sparsecheckout true

然后编辑.git/info/spease签出并在末尾添加带有/*的文件夹名称(每行一个)以获取子文件夹和文件

wpm/*

保存并运行checkout命令

git checkout master

结果是我的存储库中的预期文件夹,没有其他内容如果这对你有用,请投票