解决方案

CommonJS

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');

const dir = path.resolve(path.join(__dirname, 'upload');

if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
  fs.mkdirSync(dir);
}

// OR
if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
  fs.mkdirSync(dir, {
    mode: 0o744, // Not supported on Windows. Default: 0o777
  });
}

ESM

更新您的包。Json文件配置

{
  // declare using ECMAScript modules(ESM)
  "type": "module",
  //...
}

import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';

// create one custom `__dirname`, because it does not exist in es-module env ⚠️
const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
const __dirname = path.dirname(__filename);
const dir = path.resolve(path.join(__dirname, 'upload');

if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
  fs.mkdirSync(dir);
}

// OR
if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
  fs.mkdirSync(dir, {
    mode: 0o744, // Not supported on Windows. Default: 0o777
  });
}

更新2022

import { existsSync } from 'node:fs';

refs

NodeJS版本:v18.2.0

https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fsexistssyncpath

https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fsmkdirsyncpath-options

https://nodejs.org/api/url.html#urlfileurltopathurl

https://github.com/nodejs/help/issues/2907#issuecomment-757446568

ESM: ECMAScript模块

https://nodejs.org/api/esm.html#introduction

使用fs-extra包，你可以用一行代码做到这一点:

const fs = require('fs-extra');

const dir = '/tmp/this/path/does/not/exist';
fs.ensureDirSync(dir);

我发现了一个npm模块，它的工作就像一个魅力。

它只是在需要时递归执行mkdir，如“mkdir -p”。

如果文件夹存在，您可以使用mkdir并捕获错误。 这是异步的(因此是最佳实践)并且安全。

fs.mkdir('/path', err => { 
    if (err && err.code != 'EEXIST') throw 'up'
    .. safely do your stuff here  
    })

(可选地使用mode添加第二个参数。)

其他的想法:

You could use then or await by using native promisify. const util = require('util'), fs = require('fs'); const mkdir = util.promisify(fs.mkdir); var myFunc = () => { ..do something.. } mkdir('/path') .then(myFunc) .catch(err => { if (err.code != 'EEXIST') throw err; myFunc() }) You can make your own promise method, something like (untested): let mkdirAsync = (path, mode) => new Promise( (resolve, reject) => mkdir (path, mode, err => (err && err.code !== 'EEXIST') ? reject(err) : resolve() ) ) For synchronous checking, you can use: fs.existsSync(path) || fs.mkdirSync(path) Or you can use a library, the two most popular being mkdirp (just does folders) fsextra (supersets fs, adds lots of useful stuff)

对于个人dirs:

var fs = require('fs');
var dir = './tmp';

if (!fs.existsSync(dir)){
    fs.mkdirSync(dir);
}

或者，对于嵌套的dirs:

var fs = require('fs');
var dir = './tmp/but/then/nested';

if (!fs.existsSync(dir)){
    fs.mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
}

如果子目录不存在，我必须创建子目录。我用了这个:

const path = require('path');
const fs = require('fs');

function ensureDirectoryExists(p) {
    //console.log(ensureDirectoryExists.name, {p});
    const d = path.dirname(p);
    if (d && d !== p) {
        ensureDirectoryExists(d);
    }
    if (!fs.existsSync(d)) {
        fs.mkdirSync(d);
    }
}